律转黄钟，尧蓂尚、零星一叶。人尽道、当年此日，诞生豪杰。我是君家门下士，三年屡献阳春雪。更此行、骑鹤上扬州，恩稠叠。君有子，文章伯。君有女，夸才色。更风流酝藉，东床佳客。婿祝长生儿祝寿，玉杯举罢金杯接。愿年年、长醉腊前梅，梅梢月。长生不必论贵贱，却是幽人骨主灵。满街芳草卓香车，仙子门前白日斜。登车故里册闽王。一千年改江山瑞，十万军蒙雨露光。默默虽难测，昭昭本至平。岂知迁去客，自有复来兵。月日，居易白。微之足下：自足下谪江陵至于今，凡枉赠答诗仅百篇。每诗来，或辱序，或辱书，冠于卷首，皆所以陈古今歌诗之义，且自叙为文因缘，与年月之远近也。仆既受足下诗，又谕足下此意，常欲承答来旨，粗论歌诗大端，并自述为文之意，总为一书，致足下前。累岁已来，牵故少暇，间有容隙，或欲为之；又自思所陈，亦无出足下之见；临纸复罢者数四，卒不能成就其志，以至于今。今俟罪浔阳，除盥栉食寝外无余事，因览足下去通州日所留新旧文二十六轴，开卷得意，忽如会面，心所畜者，便欲快言，往往自疑，不知相去万里也。既而愤悱之气，思有所浊，遂追就前志，勉为此书，足下幸试为仆留意一省。夫文，尚矣，三才各有文。天之文三光首之；地之文五材首之；人之文《六经》首之。就《六经》言，《诗》又首之。何者？圣人感人心而天下和平。感人心者，莫先乎情，莫始乎言，莫切乎声，莫深乎义。诗者，根情，苗言，华声，实义。上自圣贤，下至愚騃，微及豚鱼，幽及鬼神。群分而气同，形异而情一。未有声入而不应、情交而不感者。圣人知其然，因其言，经之以六义；缘其声，纬之以五音。音有韵，义有类。韵协则言顺，言顺则声易入；类举则情见，情见则感易交。于是乎孕大含深，贯微洞密，上下通而一气泰，忧乐合而百志熙。五帝三皇所以直道而行、垂拱而理者，揭此以为大柄，决此以为大窦也。故闻“元首明，股肱良”之歌，则知虞道昌矣。闻五子洛汭之歌，则知夏政荒矣。言者无罪，闻者足诫，言者闻者莫不两尽其心焉。洎周衰秦兴，采诗官废，上不以诗补察时政，下不以歌泄导人情。用至于谄成之风动，救失之道缺。于时六义始剚矣。《国风》变为《骚辞》，五言始于苏、李。《诗》、《骚》皆不遇者，各系其志，发而为文。故河梁之句，止于伤别；泽畔之吟，归于怨思。彷徨抑郁，不暇及他耳。然去《诗》未远，梗概尚存。故兴离别则引双凫一雁为喻，讽君子小人则引香草恶鸟为比。虽义类不具，犹得风人之什二三焉。于时六义始缺矣。晋、宋已还，得者盖寡。以康乐之奥博，多溺于山水；以渊明之高古，偏放于田园。江、鲍之流，又狭于此。如梁鸿《五噫》之例者，百无一二。于时六义浸微矣！陵夷至于梁、陈间，率不过嘲风雪、弄花草而已。噫！风雪花草之物，三百篇中岂舍之乎？顾所用何如耳。设如“北风其凉”，假风以刺威虐；“雨雪霏霏”，因雪以愍征役；“棠棣之华”，感华以讽兄弟；“采采芣苡”，美草以乐有子也。皆兴发于此而义归于彼。反是者，可乎哉！然则“余霞散成绮，澄江净如练”，“归花先委露，别叶乍辞风”之什，丽则丽矣，吾不知其所讽焉。故仆所谓嘲风雪、弄花草而已。于时六义尽去矣。唐兴二百年，其间诗人不可胜数。所可举者，陈子昂有《感遇诗》二十首，鲍防《感兴诗》十五篇。又诗之豪者，世称李、杜。李之作，才矣！奇矣！人不迨矣！索其风雅比兴，十无一焉。杜诗最多，可传者千余首。至于贯穿古今，覙缕格律，尽工尽善，又过于李焉。然撮其《新安》、《石壕》、《潼关吏》、《芦子关》、《花门》之章，“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”之句，亦不过十三四。杜尚如此，况不迨杜者乎？仆常痛诗道崩坏，忽忽愤发，或废食辍寝，不量才力，欲扶起之。嗟乎！事有大谬者，又不可一二而言，然亦不能不粗陈于左右。仆始生六七月时，乳母抱弄于书屏下，有指“之”字、“无”字示仆者，仆口未能言，心已默识。后有问此二字者，虽百十其试，而指之不差。则知仆宿习之缘，已在文字中矣。及五六岁，便学为诗。九岁谙识声韵。十五六，始知有进士，苦节读书。二十已来，昼课赋，夜课书，间又课诗，不遑寝息矣。以至于口舌成疮，手肘成胝。既壮而肤革不丰盈，未老而齿发早衰白；瞀瞀然如飞蝇垂珠在眸子中者，动以万数，盖以苦学力文之所致，又自悲。家贫多故，二十七方从乡赋。既第之后，虽专于科试，亦不废诗。及授校书郎时，已盈三四百首。或出示交友如足下辈，见皆谓之工，其实未窥作者之域耳。自登朝来，年齿渐长，阅事渐多。每与人言，多询时务；每读书史，多求理道。始知文章合为时而着，歌诗合为事而作。是时皇帝初即位，宰府有正人，屡降玺书，访人急病。仆当此日，擢在翰林，身是谏官，月请谏纸。启奏之间，有可以救济人病，裨补时阙，而难于指言者，辄咏歌之，欲稍稍进闻于上。上以广宸听，副忧勤；次以酬恩奖，塞言责；下以复吾平生之志。岂图志未就而悔已生，言未闻而谤已成矣！又请为左右终言之。凡闻仆《贺雨诗》，众口籍籍，以为非宜矣；闻仆《哭孔戡诗》，众面脉脉，尽不悦矣；闻《秦中吟》，则权豪贵近者，相目而变色矣；闻《登乐游园》寄足下诗，则执政柄者扼腕矣；闻《宿紫阁村》诗，则握军要者切齿矣！大率如此，不可遍举。不相与者，号为沽誉，号为诋讦，号为讪谤。苟相与者，则如牛僧孺之诫焉。乃至骨肉妻孥，皆以我为非也。其不我非者，举世不过三两人。有邓鲂者，见仆诗而喜，无何鲂死。有唐衢者，见仆诗而泣，未几而衢死。其余即足下。足下又十年来困踬若此。呜唿！岂六义四始之风，天将破坏，不可支持耶？抑又不知天意不欲使下人病苦闻于上耶？不然，何有志于诗者，不利若此之甚也！然仆又自思关东一男子耳，除读书属文外，其他懵然无知，乃至书画棋博，可以接群居之欢者，一无通晓，即其愚拙可知矣！初应进士时，中朝无缌麻之亲，达官无半面之旧；策蹇步于利足之途，张空拳于战文之场。十年之间，三登科第，名落众耳，迹升清贯，出交贤俊，入侍冕旒。始得名于文章，终得罪于文章，亦其宜也。日者闻亲友间说，礼、吏部举选人，多以仆私试赋判为准的。其余诗句，亦往往在人口中。仆恧然自愧，不之信也。及再来长安，又闻有军使高霞寓者，欲聘倡妓，妓大夸曰：“我诵得白学士《长恨歌》，岂同他哉？”由是增价。又足下书云：到通州日，见江馆柱间有题仆诗者。何人哉？又昨过汉南日，适遇主人集众娱乐，他宾诸妓见仆来，指而相顾曰：此是《秦中吟》、《长恨歌》主耳。自长安抵江西三四千里，凡乡校、佛寺、逆旅、行舟之中，往往有题仆诗者；士庶、僧徒、孀妇、处女之口，每有咏仆诗者。此诚雕篆之戏，不足为多，然今时俗所重，正在此耳。虽前贤如渊、云者，前辈如李、杜者，亦未能忘情于其间。古人云：“名者公器，不可多取。”仆是何者，窃时之名已多。既窃时名，又欲窃时之富贵，使己为造物者，肯兼与之乎？今之屯穷，理固然也。况诗人多蹇，如陈子昂、杜甫，各授一拾遗，而屯剥至死。孟浩然辈不及一命，穷悴终身。近日孟郊六十，终试协律；张籍五十，未离一太祝。彼何人哉！况仆之才又不迨彼。今虽谪佐远郡，而官品至第五，月俸四五万，寒有衣，饥有食，给身之外，施及家人。亦可谓不负白氏子矣。微之，微之！勿念我哉！仆数月来，检讨囊帙中，得新旧诗，各以类分，分为卷目。自拾遗来，凡所遇所感，关于美刺兴比者；又自武德至元和，因事立题，题为“新乐府”者，共一百五十首，谓之讽谕诗。又或退公独处，或移动病闲居，知足保和，吟玩性情者一百首，谓之”闲适诗“。又有事物牵于外，情理动于内，随感遇而形于叹咏者一百首，谓之”感伤诗“。又有五言、七言、长句、绝句，自一百韵至两百韵者四百余首，谓之”杂律诗“。凡为十五卷，约八百首。异时相见，当尽致于执事。微之，古人云：“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。”仆虽不肖，常师此语。大丈夫所守者道，所待者时。时之来也，为云龙，为风鹏，勃然突然，陈力以出；时之不来也，为雾豹，为冥鸿，寂兮寥兮，奉身而退。进退出处，何往而不自得哉！故仆志在兼济，行在独善，奉而始终之则为道，言而发明之则为诗。谓之讽谕诗，兼济之志也；谓之闲适诗，独善之义也。故览仆诗者，知仆之道焉。其余杂律诗，或诱于一时一物，发于一笑一吟，率然成章，非平生所尚者，但以亲朋合散之际，取其释恨佐欢，今铨次之间，未能删去。他时有为我编集斯文者，略之可也。微之，夫贵耳贱目，荣古陋今，人之大情也。仆不能远征古旧，如近岁韦苏州歌行，才丽之外，颇近兴讽；其五言诗，又高雅闲淡，自成一家之体，今之秉笔者谁能及之？然当苏州在时，人亦未甚爱重，必待身后，人始贵之。今仆之诗，人所爱者，悉不过杂律诗与《长恨歌》已下耳。时之所重，仆之所轻。至于讽谕者，意激而言质；闲适者，思澹而辞迂。以质合迂，宜人之不爱也。今所爱者，并世而生，独足下耳。然百千年后，安知复无如足下者出，而知爱我诗哉？故自八九年来，与足下小通则以诗相戒，小穷则以诗相勉，索居则以诗相慰，同处则以诗相娱。知吾罪吾，率以诗也。如今年春游城南时，与足下马上相戏，因各诵新艳小律，不杂他篇，自皇子陂归昭国里，迭吟递唱，不绝声者二十里余。攀、李在傍，无所措口。知我者以为诗仙，不知我者以为诗魔。何则？劳心灵，役声气，连朝接夕，不自知其苦，非魔而何？偶同人当美景，或花时宴罢，或月夜酒酣，一咏一吟，不觉老之将至。虽骖鸾鹤、游蓬瀛者之适，无以加于此焉，又非仙而何？微之，微之！此吾所以与足下外形骸、脱踪迹、傲轩鼎、轻人寰者，又以此也。当此之时，足下兴有余力，且欲与仆悉索还往中诗，取其尤长者，如张十八古乐府，李二十新歌行，卢、杨二秘书律诗，窦七、元八绝句，博搜精掇，编而次之，号为《元白往还集》。众君子得拟议于此者，莫不踊跃欣喜，以为盛事。嗟乎！言未终而足下左转，不数月而仆又继行，心期索然，何日成就？又可为之太息矣！仆常语足下，凡人为文，私于自是，不忍于割截，或失于繁多。其间妍媸，益又自惑。必待交友有公鉴无姑息者，讨论而削夺之，然后繁简当否，得其中矣。况仆与足下，为文尤患其多。己尚病，况他人乎？今且各纂诗笔，粗为卷第，待与足下相见日，各出所有，终前志焉。又不知相遇是何年，相见是何地，溘然而至，则如之何？微之知我心哉！浔阳腊月，江风苦寒，岁暮鲜欢，夜长少睡。引笔铺纸，悄然灯前，有念则书，言无铨次。勿以繁杂为倦，且以代一夕之话言也。居易自叙如此，文士以为信然。

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.hua sheng .shi yi .shang zi sheng xian .xia zhi yu si .wei ji tun yu .you ji gui shen .qun fen er qi tong .xing yi er qing yi .wei you sheng ru er bu ying .qing jiao er bu gan zhe .sheng ren zhi qi ran .yin qi yan .jing zhi yi liu yi .yuan qi sheng .wei zhi yi wu yin .yin you yun .yi you lei .yun xie ze yan shun .yan shun ze sheng yi ru .lei ju ze qing jian .qing jian ze gan yi jiao .yu shi hu yun da han shen .guan wei dong mi .shang xia tong er yi qi tai .you le he er bai zhi xi .wu di san huang suo yi zhi dao er xing .chui gong er li zhe .jie ci yi wei da bing .jue ci yi wei da dou ye .gu wen .yuan shou ming .gu gong liang .zhi ge .ze zhi yu dao chang yi .wen wu zi luo rui zhi ge .ze zhi xia zheng huang yi .yan zhe wu zui .wen zhe zu jie .yan zhe wen zhe mo bu liang jin qi xin yan .ji zhou shuai qin xing .cai shi guan fei .shang bu yi shi bu cha shi zheng .xia bu yi ge xie dao ren qing .yong zhi yu chan cheng zhi feng dong .jiu shi zhi dao que .yu shi liu yi shi zi yi ..guo feng .bian wei .sao ci ..wu yan shi yu su .li ..shi ...sao .jie bu yu zhe .ge xi qi zhi .fa er wei wen .gu he liang zhi ju .zhi yu shang bie .ze pan zhi yin .gui yu yuan si .fang huang yi yu .bu xia ji ta er .ran qu .shi .wei yuan .geng gai shang cun .gu xing li bie ze yin shuang fu yi yan wei yu .feng jun zi xiao ren ze yin xiang cao e niao wei bi .sui yi lei bu ju .you de feng ren zhi shi er san yan .yu shi liu yi shi que yi .jin .song yi huan .de zhe gai gua .yi kang le zhi ao bo .duo ni yu shan shui .yi yuan ming zhi gao gu .pian fang yu tian yuan .jiang .bao zhi liu .you xia yu ci .ru liang hong .wu yi .zhi li zhe .bai wu yi er .yu shi liu yi jin wei yi .ling yi zhi yu liang .chen jian .lv bu guo chao feng xue .nong hua cao er yi .yi .feng xue hua cao zhi wu .san bai pian zhong qi she zhi hu .gu suo yong he ru er .she ru .bei feng qi liang ..jia feng yi ci wei nue ..yu xue fei fei ..yin xue yi min zheng yi ..tang di zhi hua ..gan hua yi feng xiong di ..cai cai fu yi ..mei cao yi le you zi ye .jie xing fa yu ci er yi gui yu bi .fan shi zhe .ke hu zai .ran ze .yu xia san cheng qi .cheng jiang jing ru lian ...gui hua xian wei lu .bie ye zha ci feng .zhi shi .li ze li yi .wu bu zhi qi suo feng yan .gu pu suo wei chao feng xue .nong hua cao er yi .yu shi liu yi jin qu yi .tang xing er bai nian .qi jian shi ren bu ke sheng shu .suo ke ju zhe .chen zi ang you .gan yu shi .er shi shou .bao fang .gan xing shi .shi wu pian .you shi zhi hao zhe .shi cheng li .du .li zhi zuo .cai yi .qi yi .ren bu dai yi .suo qi feng ya bi xing .shi wu yi yan .du shi zui duo .ke chuan zhe qian yu shou .zhi yu guan chuan gu jin .zhen lv ge lv .jin gong jin shan .you guo yu li yan .ran cuo qi .xin an ...shi hao ...tong guan li ...lu zi guan ...hua men .zhi zhang ..zhu men jiu rou chou .lu you dong si gu .zhi ju .yi bu guo shi san si .du shang ru ci .kuang bu dai du zhe hu .pu chang tong shi dao beng huai .hu hu fen fa .huo fei shi chuo qin .bu liang cai li .yu fu qi zhi .jie hu .shi you da miu zhe .you bu ke yi er er yan .ran yi bu neng bu cu chen yu zuo you .pu shi sheng liu qi yue shi .ru mu bao nong yu shu ping xia .you zhi .zhi .zi ..wu .zi shi pu zhe .pu kou wei neng yan .xin yi mo shi .hou you wen ci er zi zhe .sui bai shi qi shi .er zhi zhi bu cha .ze zhi pu su xi zhi yuan .yi zai wen zi zhong yi .ji wu liu sui .bian xue wei shi .jiu sui an shi sheng yun .shi wu liu .shi zhi you jin shi .ku jie du shu .er shi yi lai .zhou ke fu .ye ke shu .jian you ke shi .bu huang qin xi yi .yi zhi yu kou she cheng chuang .shou zhou cheng zhi .ji zhuang er fu ge bu feng ying .wei lao er chi fa zao shuai bai .mao mao ran ru fei ying chui zhu zai mou zi zhong zhe .dong yi wan shu .gai yi ku xue li wen zhi suo zhi .you zi bei .jia pin duo gu .er shi qi fang cong xiang fu .ji di zhi hou .sui zhuan yu ke shi .yi bu fei shi .ji shou xiao shu lang shi .yi ying san si bai shou .huo chu shi jiao you ru zu xia bei .jian jie wei zhi gong .qi shi wei kui zuo zhe zhi yu er .zi deng chao lai .nian chi jian chang .yue shi jian duo .mei yu ren yan .duo xun shi wu .mei du shu shi .duo qiu li dao .shi zhi wen zhang he wei shi er zhuo .ge shi he wei shi er zuo .shi shi huang di chu ji wei .zai fu you zheng ren .lv jiang xi shu .fang ren ji bing .pu dang ci ri .zhuo zai han lin .shen shi jian guan .yue qing jian zhi .qi zou zhi jian .you ke yi jiu ji ren bing .bi bu shi que .er nan yu zhi yan zhe .zhe yong ge zhi .yu shao shao jin wen yu shang .shang yi guang chen ting .fu you qin .ci yi chou en jiang .sai yan ze .xia yi fu wu ping sheng zhi zhi .qi tu zhi wei jiu er hui yi sheng .yan wei wen er bang yi cheng yi .you qing wei zuo you zhong yan zhi .fan wen pu .he yu shi ..zhong kou ji ji .yi wei fei yi yi .wen pu .ku kong kan shi ..zhong mian mai mai .jin bu yue yi .wen .qin zhong yin ..ze quan hao gui jin zhe .xiang mu er bian se yi .wen .deng le you yuan .ji zu xia shi .ze zhi zheng bing zhe e wan yi .wen .su zi ge cun .shi .ze wo jun yao zhe qie chi yi .da lv ru ci .bu ke bian ju .bu xiang yu zhe .hao wei gu yu .hao wei di jie .hao wei shan bang .gou xiang yu zhe .ze ru niu seng ru zhi jie yan .nai zhi gu rou qi nu .jie yi wo wei fei ye .qi bu wo fei zhe .ju shi bu guo san liang ren .you deng fang zhe .jian pu shi er xi .wu he fang si .you tang qu zhe .jian pu shi er qi .wei ji er qu si .qi yu ji zu xia .zu xia you shi nian lai kun zhi ruo ci .wu hu .qi liu yi si shi zhi feng .tian jiang po huai .bu ke zhi chi ye .yi you bu zhi tian yi bu yu shi xia ren bing ku wen yu shang ye .bu ran .he you zhi yu shi zhe .bu li ruo ci zhi shen ye .ran pu you zi si guan dong yi nan zi er .chu du shu shu wen wai .qi ta meng ran wu zhi .nai zhi shu hua qi bo .ke yi jie qun ju zhi huan zhe .yi wu tong xiao .ji qi yu zhuo ke zhi yi .chu ying jin shi shi .zhong chao wu si ma zhi qin .da guan wu ban mian zhi jiu .ce jian bu yu li zu zhi tu .zhang kong quan yu zhan wen zhi chang .shi nian zhi jian .san deng ke di .ming luo zhong er .ji sheng qing guan .chu jiao xian jun .ru shi mian liu .shi de ming yu wen zhang .zhong de zui yu wen zhang .yi qi yi ye .ri zhe wen qin you jian shuo .li .li bu ju xuan ren .duo yi pu si shi fu pan wei zhun de .qi yu shi ju .yi wang wang zai ren kou zhong .pu nv ran zi kui .bu zhi xin ye .ji zai lai chang an .you wen you jun shi gao xia yu zhe .yu pin chang ji .ji da kua yue ..wo song de bai xue shi .chang hen ge ..qi tong ta zai ..you shi zeng jia .you zu xia shu yun .dao tong zhou ri .jian jiang guan zhu jian you ti pu shi zhe .he ren zai .you zuo guo han nan ri .shi yu zhu ren ji zhong yu le .ta bin zhu ji jian pu lai .zhi er xiang gu yue .ci shi .qin zhong yin ...chang hen ge .zhu er .zi chang an di jiang xi san si qian li .fan xiang xiao .fo si .ni lv .xing zhou zhi zhong .wang wang you ti pu shi zhe .shi shu .seng tu .shuang fu .chu nv zhi kou .mei you yong pu shi zhe .ci cheng diao zhuan zhi xi .bu zu wei duo .ran jin shi su suo zhong .zheng zai ci er .sui qian xian ru yuan .yun zhe .qian bei ru li .du zhe .yi wei neng wang qing yu qi jian .gu ren yun ..ming zhe gong qi .bu ke duo qu ..pu shi he zhe .qie shi zhi ming yi duo .ji qie shi ming .you yu qie shi zhi fu gui .shi ji wei zao wu zhe .ken jian yu zhi hu .jin zhi tun qiong .li gu ran ye .kuang shi ren duo jian .ru chen zi ang .du fu .ge shou yi shi yi .er tun bao zhi si .meng hao ran bei bu ji yi ming .qiong cui zhong shen .jin ri meng jiao liu shi .zhong shi xie lv .zhang ji wu shi .wei li yi tai zhu .bi he ren zai .kuang pu zhi cai you bu dai bi .jin sui zhe zuo yuan jun .er guan pin zhi di wu .yue feng si wu wan .han you yi .ji you shi .gei shen zhi wai .shi ji jia ren .yi ke wei bu fu bai shi zi yi .wei zhi .wei zhi .wu nian wo zai .pu shu yue lai .jian tao nang zhi zhong .de xin jiu shi .ge yi lei fen .fen wei juan mu .zi shi yi lai .fan suo yu suo gan .guan yu mei ci xing bi zhe .you zi wu de zhi yuan he .yin shi li ti .ti wei .xin le fu .zhe .gong yi bai wu shi shou .wei zhi feng yu shi .you huo tui gong du chu .huo yi dong bing xian ju .zhi zu bao he .yin wan xing qing zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .xian shi shi ..you you shi wu qian yu wai .qing li dong yu nei .sui gan yu er xing yu tan yong zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .gan shang shi ..you you wu yan .qi yan .chang ju .jue ju .zi yi bai yun zhi liang bai yun zhe si bai yu shou .wei zhi .za lv shi ..fan wei shi wu juan .yue ba bai shou .yi shi xiang jian .dang jin zhi yu zhi shi .wei zhi .gu ren yun ..qiong ze du shan qi shen .da ze jian ji tian xia ..pu sui bu xiao .chang shi ci yu .da zhang fu suo shou zhe dao .suo dai zhe shi .shi zhi lai ye .wei yun long .wei feng peng .bo ran tu ran .chen li yi chu .shi zhi bu lai ye .wei wu bao .wei ming hong .ji xi liao xi .feng shen er tui .jin tui chu chu .he wang er bu zi de zai .gu pu zhi zai jian ji .xing zai du shan .feng er shi zhong zhi ze wei dao .yan er fa ming zhi ze wei shi .wei zhi feng yu shi .jian ji zhi zhi ye .wei zhi xian shi shi .du shan zhi yi ye .gu lan pu shi zhe .zhi pu zhi dao yan .qi yu za lv shi .huo you yu yi shi yi wu .fa yu yi xiao yi yin .lv ran cheng zhang .fei ping sheng suo shang zhe .dan yi qin peng he san zhi ji .qu qi shi hen zuo huan .jin quan ci zhi jian .wei neng shan qu .ta shi you wei wo bian ji si wen zhe .lue zhi ke ye .wei zhi .fu gui er jian mu .rong gu lou jin .ren zhi da qing ye .pu bu neng yuan zheng gu jiu .ru jin sui wei su zhou ge xing .cai li zhi wai .po jin xing feng .qi wu yan shi .you gao ya xian dan .zi cheng yi jia zhi ti .jin zhi bing bi zhe shui neng ji zhi .ran dang su zhou zai shi .ren yi wei shen ai zhong .bi dai shen hou .ren shi gui zhi .jin pu zhi shi .ren suo ai zhe .xi bu guo za lv shi yu .chang hen ge .yi xia er .shi zhi suo zhong .pu zhi suo qing .zhi yu feng yu zhe .yi ji er yan zhi .xian shi zhe .si dan er ci you .yi zhi he you .yi ren zhi bu ai ye .jin suo ai zhe .bing shi er sheng .du zu xia er .ran bai qian nian hou .an zhi fu wu ru zu xia zhe chu .er zhi ai wo shi zai .gu zi ba jiu nian lai .yu zu xia xiao tong ze yi shi xiang jie .xiao qiong ze yi shi xiang mian .suo ju ze yi shi xiang wei .tong chu ze yi shi xiang yu .zhi wu zui wu .lv yi shi ye .ru jin nian chun you cheng nan shi .yu zu xia ma shang xiang xi .yin ge song xin yan xiao lv .bu za ta pian .zi huang zi bei gui zhao guo li .die yin di chang .bu jue sheng zhe er shi li yu .pan .li zai bang .wu suo cuo kou .zhi wo zhe yi wei shi xian .bu zhi wo zhe yi wei shi mo .he ze .lao xin ling .yi sheng qi .lian chao jie xi .bu zi zhi qi ku .fei mo er he .ou tong ren dang mei jing .huo hua shi yan ba .huo yue ye jiu han .yi yong yi yin .bu jue lao zhi jiang zhi .sui can luan he .you peng ying zhe zhi shi .wu yi jia yu ci yan .you fei xian er he .wei zhi .wei zhi .ci wu suo yi yu zu xia wai xing hai .tuo zong ji .ao xuan ding .qing ren huan zhe .you yi ci ye .dang ci zhi shi .zu xia xing you yu li .qie yu yu pu xi suo huan wang zhong shi .qu qi you chang zhe .ru zhang shi ba gu le fu .li er shi xin ge xing .lu .yang er mi shu lv shi .dou qi .yuan ba jue ju .bo sou jing duo .bian er ci zhi .hao wei .yuan bai wang huan ji ..zhong jun zi de ni yi yu ci zhe .mo bu yong yue xin xi .yi wei sheng shi .jie hu .yan wei zhong er zu xia zuo zhuan .bu shu yue er pu you ji xing .xin qi suo ran .he ri cheng jiu .you ke wei zhi tai xi yi .pu chang yu zu xia .fan ren wei wen .si yu zi shi .bu ren yu ge jie .huo shi yu fan duo .qi jian yan chi .yi you zi huo .bi dai jiao you you gong jian wu gu xi zhe .tao lun er xiao duo zhi .ran hou fan jian dang fou .de qi zhong yi .kuang pu yu zu xia .wei wen you huan qi duo .ji shang bing .kuang ta ren hu .jin qie ge zuan shi bi .cu wei juan di .dai yu zu xia xiang jian ri .ge chu suo you .zhong qian zhi yan .you bu zhi xiang yu shi he nian .xiang jian shi he di .ke ran er zhi .ze ru zhi he .wei zhi zhi wo xin zai .xun yang la yue .jiang feng ku han .sui mu xian huan .ye chang shao shui .yin bi pu zhi .qiao ran deng qian .you nian ze shu .yan wu quan ci .wu yi fan za wei juan .qie yi dai yi xi zhi hua yan ye .ju yi zi xu ru ci .wen shi yi wei xin ran .

阵阵西风，吹过平原，带来(lai)了禾黍的(de)芳香；溅溅流泉，泻入沟渠，打谷场上一片繁忙。
⑦畜（xù）：饲养。蜜《蜂》罗隐 古诗啊，你采尽百花(hua)酿成了花蜜，到底为谁付出辛苦，又想让谁品尝香甜？
⑴荆门，即荆门山，在今湖北宜都西北长江南岸。蜀江，指今四川省境内的长江。在平台作客依然愁思不断，对酒高歌，即兴来一首《梁园歌》。
列坐其次：列坐在曲水之旁。列坐，排列而坐。次，旁边，水边。暮春时节，眺望江面，风雨连天。篷蔽的茅屋里，烛灯明灭，悄无人言。连树林里的黄莺都停止了鸣叫，惟有杜鹃，在月夜里孤苦哀啼。
③ 鱼梁：筑堰拦水捕鱼的一种设施，用木桩、柴枝或编网等制成篱(li)笆或栅栏，置于河流中。但因(yin)为这里的水势险恶（“青溪先有蛟龙窟”），所以(yi)有“竹石如山不敢(gan)安”之说。刘彻的茂陵埋葬着残余的枯骨，嬴政的棺车白费了掩臭的鲍鱼。
（6）晕潮：指女性脸上泛起红润的美丽光彩。汉使张骞当年都不曾把这花带回，真是徒然到了月支一回，连神农也不知道有这样美妙的鲜花。可惜的是这鲜花经过露凋雨打，真是绿肥红瘦，日益消损。 高高的绿竹在舍旁连成一片，稀疏的篱笆下花儿(er)凋零，落英缤纷。碾米的碾涡(wo)深深可以装下骏马，藤蔓弯弯足(zu)以隐藏蛇虫。
去去：远去，越去越远。

　　首联以赋体叙事，字里行间流露喜悦之情。锦江是名胜之地，能去游一次，已是很高兴、很幸福的了，何况是“一年两度”，又是在极适于游览的季节。两个“值”字，蕴含际此春秋佳日之意。这两句所携带的感情，直灌全篇。
　　“绿水”三句，别时之言。词人说：现在我们还暂时相聚在岸边，很快你就要乘舟而归“盐官”。你走之后，旧居南墙外的竹林中，槐树荫里那些我们经常相聚的地方，很快就会冷冷清清。“此去”两句，点出友人去处。“杜曲”，在长安县南，为唐时杜氏世居之处，这里借喻“盐官”；“紫宵”，指京城临安。此言友人回到盐官之后，从那里到临安就非常近。两句也暗示友人已有机会入京去为官吏。“扁舟”两句。言词人估计：友人今晚的行舟将会在吴江上留宿，如果他夜晚观赏吴江水景，在月光照射下，吴江上水波粼粼，好像有无数个飘动着佩带，在跳着《霓裳羽衣舞》的仙子一样。“眉妩”两句，为友人盐官家人设问。此处是说：友人到家后，亲人定会兴高采烈，并且询问你，在分别后可在想念我吗？下片从离别后生发开去。另据词中的“夜宿吴江”，可猜测到，词人送友之处是在吴中。
　　“清泉映疏松”，此句不唯写泉与松，月光也在其中。有月在天，方可知泉“清”、松“疏”，方有一个“映”字。“不知几千古”，此句不唯写出诗人思绪万千，亦写出诗人独立的身姿。亦可想见诗人之非常人，方有念及“千古”之心。张若虚《春江花月夜》云：“人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似。”
　　“车遥遥兮马洋洋”——诗之开篇，是女主人公追忆夫君离去的梦幻般的虚景。不过，在此刻追忆之际，这虚景也可能为眼前所见的实景所引发。似乎是一个春日的早晨，阳光明媚、草色青青。画面近处，则是一位倚栏而立的女子，正痴痴地注视着穿过新绿树影的车马，东来西往。倘若能从近处观察，你便可发现：她其实并不“看着”车马，而是沉入了迷茫的幻境之中——眼前的车马，勾起了她十分珍贵的忆念。她仿佛觉得，此刻还正是亲爱的夫君离去的时候：那车身也一样颠簸、轻摇，那马儿也一样舒缓、潇洒。就这样在遥遥无尽的大道上去了，什么时候再见到它载着夫君归来？当消歇的马蹄声，终于将她从幻境中惊觉，车马和夫君便全都云雾般消散。美好的春景，在女主人公眼中只变得一片黯然。这无情之景，不过让她忆及往事，徒然增添一段缠绕不去的思愁罢了。
　　前两句写实。作者就眼前所见，选择两件典型的景物加以描绘，着墨不多，而能把古都金陵衰败荒凉的景象，表现得很具体，很鲜明。辇路即皇帝乘车经过的道路。想当年，皇帝出游，旌旗如林，鼓乐喧天，前呼后拥，应是无比威风。此时这景象已不复存在，只有道旁那饱览人世沧桑的江枫，长得又高又大，遮天蔽日，投下浓密的阴影，使荒芜的辇路更显得幽暗阴森。“江枫暗”的“暗”字，既是写实，又透露出此刻作者心情的沉重。沿着这条路走去，就可看到残存的一些六朝宫苑建筑了。“台城六代竞豪华”，昔日的宫庭，珠光宝气，金碧辉煌，一派显赫繁华，更不用说到了飞红点翠、莺歌燕舞的春天。现在这里却一片凄清冷落，只有那野草到处滋生，长得蓬蓬勃勃，好像整个宫庭都成了它们的世界。“野草春”，这“春”字既点时令，又着意表示，点缀春光的唯有这萋萋野草而已。这两句对偶整齐，辇路、宫庭与江枫、野草形成强烈对照，启发读者将它的现状与历史作比较，其盛衰兴亡之感自然寄寓于其中。
　　第四层为最后四句，盛赞苏州不仅是财赋强盛的大藩，更是“群彦今汪洋”的人才荟萃之地，以回应题目上“诸文士燕集”的盛况。
　　这首诗语言极明白，表现的思想感情也很清楚，然而对诗人“忧”什么，时人为何不能理解他的“忧”，反认为他骄傲、反常，难以找到确切答案。同时他自称“士”，而“士”代表的身份实际并不确定，《诗经》中三十三篇有“士”字，共54个，仅毛传、郑笺就有多种解释，如：“士，事也”，指能治其事者；“士，卿士也”；“士者，男子成名之大号也”；“士者，男子之大号也”；“言士者，有德行之称”；“士，军士也”；“他士，犹他人也”等，所以这个自称“士”的诗人是何等角色，很难认定。与之相应，对此篇的主旨就有了多种臆测：《毛诗序》谓“刺时”，何楷《诗经世本古义》作实为“晋人忧献公宠二骊姬之子，将黜太子申生”；丰坊《诗说》说是“忧国而叹之”；季本《诗说解颐》以为是“贤人怀才而不得用”；牟庭《诗切》以为是“刺没入人田宅也”。今人或说“伤家室之无乐”，或说“叹息知己的难得”，或说“没落贵族忧贫畏饥”，或说“自悼身世飘零”，或说“反映了爱国思想”，不一而足。《诗经选注》说：“我们从诗本身分析，只能知道这位作者属于士阶层，他对所在的魏国不满，是因为那个社会没有人了解他，而且还指责他高傲和反覆无常，因此他在忧愤无法排遣的时候，只得长歌当哭，自慰自解。最后在无可奈何中，他表示‘聊以行国’，置一切不顾了。因此，从诗的内容和情调判断，属于怀才不遇的可能性极大。”故指此为“士大夫忧时伤己的诗”。