赤路如龙蛇，不知几千丈。出没山水间，一下复一上。伊予独何为，与之同俯仰？西风吹散云头雨，斜阳却照天边树。树色荡湖波，波光艳绮罗。征鸿何处起，点点残霞里。月上海门山，山河莽苍间。笔头风月时时过，眼底儿曹渐渐多。有人问我事如何，人海阔，无日不风波。黄河分地络，飞观接天津。一览遗芳翰，千载肃如神。寒眼乱空阔，客意不胜秋。强唿斗酒，发兴特上最高楼。舒卷江山图画，应答龙鱼悲啸，不暇愿诗愁。风露巧欺客，分冷入衣裘。忽醒然，成感慨，望神州。可怜报国无路，空白一分头。都把平生意气，只做如今憔悴，岁晚若为谋。此意仗江月，分付与沙鸥。蓟门逢古老，独立思氛氲。一身既零丁，头鬓白纷纷。勋庸今已矣，不识霍将军。汉家能用武，开拓穷异域。戍卒厌糠核，降胡饱衣食。关亭试一望，吾欲泪沾臆。边城十一月，雨雪乱霏霏。元戎号令严，人马亦轻肥。羌胡无尽日，征战几时归。幽州多骑射，结发重横行。一朝事将军，出入有声名。纷纷猎秋草，相向角弓鸣。黯黯长城外，日没更烟尘。胡骑虽凭陵，汉兵不顾身。古树满空塞，黄云愁杀人。载芟载柞，其耕泽泽。千耦其耘，徂隰徂畛。侯主侯伯，侯亚侯旅，侯彊侯以。有嗿其馌，思媚其妇，有依其士。有略其耜，俶载南亩，播厥百谷。实函斯活，驿驿其达。有厌其杰，厌厌其苗，绵绵其麃。载获济济，有实其积，万亿及秭。为酒为醴，烝畀祖妣，以洽百礼。有飶其香。邦家之光。有椒其馨，胡考之宁。匪且有且，匪今斯今，振古如兹。夫治乱，运也；穷达，命也；贵贱，时也。故运之将隆，必生圣明之君。圣明之君，必有忠贤之臣。其所以相遇也，不求而自合；其所以相亲也，不介而自亲。唱之而必和，谋之而必从，道德玄同，曲折合符，得失不能疑其志，谗构不能离其交，然后得成功也。其所以得然者，岂徒人事哉？授之者天也，告之者神也，成之者运也。夫黄河清而圣人生，里社鸣而圣人出，群龙见而圣人用。故伊尹，有莘氏之媵臣也，而阿衡于商。太公，渭滨之贱老也，而尚父于周。百里奚在虞而虞亡，在秦而秦霸，非不才于虞而才于秦也。张良受黄石之符，诵三略之说，以游于群雄，其言也，如以水投石，莫之受也；及其遭汉祖，其言也，如以石投水，莫之逆也。非张良之拙说于陈项，而巧言于沛公也。然则张良之言一也，不识其所以合离？合离之由，神明之道也。故彼四贤者，名载于箓图，事应乎天人，其可格之贤愚哉？孔子曰：“清明在躬，气志如神。嗜欲将至，有开必先。天降时雨，山川出云。”诗云：“惟岳降神，生甫及申；惟申及甫，惟周之翰。”运命之谓也。岂惟兴主，乱亡者亦如之焉。幽王之惑褒女也，祅始于夏庭。曹伯阳之获公孙强也，征发于社宫。叔孙豹之昵竖牛也，祸成于庚宗。吉凶成败，各以数至。咸皆不求而自合，不介而自亲矣。昔者，圣人受命河洛曰：以文命者，七九而衰；以武兴者，六八而谋。及成王定鼎于郏鄏，卜世三十，卜年七百，天所命也。故自幽厉之间，周道大坏，二霸之后，礼乐陵迟。文薄之弊，渐于灵景；辩诈之伪，成于七国。酷烈之极，积于亡秦；文章之贵，弃于汉祖。虽仲尼至圣，颜冉大贤，揖让于规矩之内，訚訚于洙、泗之上，不能遏其端；孟轲、孙卿体二希圣，从容正道，不能维其末，天下卒至于溺而不可援。夫以仲尼之才也，而器不周于鲁卫；以仲尼之辩也，而言不行于定哀；以仲尼之谦也，而见忌于子西；以仲尼之仁也，而取仇于桓魋；以仲尼之智也，而屈厄于陈蔡；以仲尼之行也，而招毁于叔孙。夫道足以济天下，而不得贵于人；言足以经万世，而不见信于时；行足以应神明，而不能弥纶于俗；应聘七十国，而不一获其主；驱骤于蛮夏之域，屈辱于公卿之门，其不遇也如此。及其孙子思，希圣备体，而未之至，封己养高，势动人主。其所游历诸侯，莫不结驷而造门；虽造门犹有不得宾者焉。其徒子夏，升堂而未入于室者也。退老于家，魏文候师之，西河之人肃然归德，比之于夫子而莫敢间其言。故曰：治乱，运也；穷达，命也；贵贱，时也。而后之君子，区区于一主，叹息于一朝。屈原以之沈湘，贾谊以之发愤，不亦过乎！然则圣人所以为圣者，盖在乎乐天知命矣。故遇之而不怨，居之而不疑也。其身可抑，而道不可屈；其位可排，而名不可夺。譬如水也，通之斯为川焉，塞之斯为渊焉，升之于云则雨施，沈之于地则土润。体清以洗物，不乱于浊；受浊以济物，不伤于清。是以圣人处穷达如一也。夫忠直之迕于主，独立之负于俗，理势然也。故木秀于林，风必摧之；堆出于岸，流必湍之；行高于人，众必非之。前监不远，覆车继轨。然而志士仁人，犹蹈之而弗悔，操之而弗失，何哉？将以遂志而成名也。求遂其志，而冒风波于险涂；求成其名，而历谤议于当时。彼所以处之，盖有算矣。子夏曰：“死生有命，富贵在天”故道之将行也，命之将贵也，则伊尹吕尚之兴于商周，百里子房之用于秦汉，不求而自得，不徼而自遇矣。道之将废也，命之将贱也，岂独君子耻之而弗为乎？盖亦知为之而弗得矣。凡希世苟合之士，蘧蒢戚之人，俛仰尊贵之颜，逶迤势利之间，意无是非，赞之如流；言无可否，应之如响。以窥看为精神，以向背为变通。势之所集，从之如归市；势之所去，弃之如脱遗。其言曰：名与身孰亲也？得与失孰贤也？荣与辱孰珍也？故遂絜其衣服，矜其车徒，冒其货贿，淫其声色，脉脉然自以为得矣。盖见龙逢、比干之亡其身，而不惟飞廉、恶来之灭其族也。盖知伍子胥之属镂于吴，而不戒费无忌之诛夷于楚也。盖讥汲黯之白首于主爵，而不惩张汤牛车之祸也。盖笑萧望之跋踬于前，而不惧石显之绞缢于后也。故夫达者之筭也，亦各有尽矣。曰：凡人之所以奔竞于富贵，何为者哉？若夫立德必须贵乎？则幽厉之为天子，不如仲尼之为陪臣也。必须势乎？则王莽、董贤之为三公，不如杨雄、仲舒之阒其门也。必须富乎？则齐景之千驷，不如颜回、原宪之约其身也。其为实乎？则执杓而饮河者，不过满腹；弃室而洒雨者，不过濡身；过此以往，弗能受也。其为名乎？则善恶书于史册，毁誉流于千载；赏罚悬于天道，吉凶灼乎鬼神，固可畏也。将以娱耳目、乐心意乎？譬命驾而游五都之市，则天下之货毕陈矣。褰裳而涉汶阳之丘，则天下之稼如云矣。椎紒而守敖庾、海陵之仓，则山坻之积在前矣。扱衽而登钟山、蓝田之上，则夜光玙璠之珍可观矣。夫如是也，为物甚众，为己甚寡，不爱其身，而啬其神。风惊尘起，散而不止。六疾待其前，五刑随其后。利害生其左，攻夺出其右，而自以为见身名之亲疏，分荣辱之客主哉。天地之大德曰生，圣人之大宝曰位，何以守位曰仁，何以正人曰义。故古之王者，盖以一人治天下，不以天下奉一人也。古之仕者，盖以官行其义，不以利冒其官也。古之君子，盖耻得之而弗能治也，不耻能治而弗得也。原乎天人之性，核乎邪正之分，权乎祸福之门，终乎荣辱之算，其昭然矣。故君子舍彼取此。若夫出处不违其时，默语不失其人，天动星回而辰极犹居其所，玑旋轮转，而衡轴犹执其中，既明且哲，以保其身，贻厥孙谋，以燕翼子者，昔吾先友，尝从事于斯矣。理世固轻士，弃捐湘之湄。阳光竟四溟，敲石安所施。铩羽集枯干，低昂互鸣悲。朔云吐风寒，寂历穷秋时。君子尚容与，小人守兢危。惨凄日相视，离忧坐自滋。樽酒聊可酌，放歌谅徒为。惜无协律者，窈眇弦吾诗。晋文公既定襄王于郏，王劳之以地，辞，请隧焉。王弗许，曰：“昔我先王之有天下也，规方千里，以为甸服，以供上帝山川百神之祀，以备百姓兆民之用，以待不庭、不虞之患。其馀，以均分公、侯、伯、子、男，使各有宁宇，以顺及天地，无逢其灾害。先王岂有赖焉？内官不过九御，外官不过九品，足以供给神祇而已，岂敢厌纵其耳目心腹，以乱百度？亦唯是死生之服物采章，以临长百姓而轻重布之，王何异之有？”“今天降祸灾于周室，余一人仅亦守府，又不佞以勤叔父，而班先王之大物以赏私德，其叔父实应且憎，以非余一人，余一人岂敢有爱也？先民有言曰：‘改玉改行。’叔父若能光裕大德，更姓改物，以创制天下，自显庸也，而缩取备物，以镇抚百姓，余一人其流辟于裔土，何辞之有与？若犹是姬姓也，尚将列为公侯，以复先王之职，大物其未可改也。叔父其茂昭明德，物将自至，余何敢以私劳变前之大章，以忝天下，其若先王与百姓何？何政令之为也？若不然，叔父有地而隧焉，余安能知之？”文公遂不敢请，受地而还。壬申夏泛舟西湖，述怀有赋，时予别杭州盖十年矣天风吹我，堕湖山一角，果然清丽。曾是东华生小客，回首苍茫无际。屠狗功名，雕龙文卷，岂是平生意？乡亲苏小，定应笑我非计。才见一抹斜阳，半堤香草，顿惹清愁起。罗袜音尘何处觅，渺渺予怀孤寄。怨去吹箫，狂来说剑，两样销魂味。两般春梦，橹声荡入云水。

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bai .tian suo ming ye .gu zi you li zhi jian .zhou dao da huai .er ba zhi hou .li le ling chi .wen bao zhi bi .jian yu ling jing .bian zha zhi wei .cheng yu qi guo .ku lie zhi ji .ji yu wang qin .wen zhang zhi gui .qi yu han zu .sui zhong ni zhi sheng .yan ran da xian .yi rang yu gui ju zhi nei .yin yin yu zhu .si zhi shang .bu neng e qi duan .meng ke .sun qing ti er xi sheng .cong rong zheng dao .bu neng wei qi mo .tian xia zu zhi yu ni er bu ke yuan .fu yi zhong ni zhi cai ye .er qi bu zhou yu lu wei .yi zhong ni zhi bian ye .er yan bu xing yu ding ai .yi zhong ni zhi qian ye .er jian ji yu zi xi .yi zhong ni zhi ren ye .er qu chou yu huan tui .yi zhong ni zhi zhi ye .er qu e yu chen cai .yi zhong ni zhi xing ye .er zhao hui yu shu sun .fu dao zu yi ji tian xia .er bu de gui yu ren .yan zu yi jing wan shi .er bu jian xin yu shi .xing zu yi ying shen ming .er bu neng mi lun yu su .ying pin qi shi guo .er bu yi huo qi zhu .qu zhou yu man xia zhi yu .qu ru yu gong qing zhi men .qi bu yu ye ru ci .ji qi sun zi si .xi sheng bei ti .er wei zhi zhi .feng ji yang gao .shi dong ren zhu .qi suo you li zhu hou .mo bu jie si er zao men .sui zao men you you bu de bin zhe yan .qi tu zi xia .sheng tang er wei ru yu shi zhe ye .tui lao yu jia .wei wen hou shi zhi .xi he zhi ren su ran gui de .bi zhi yu fu zi er mo gan jian qi yan .gu yue .zhi luan .yun ye .qiong da .ming ye .gui jian .shi ye .er hou zhi jun zi .qu qu yu yi zhu .tan xi yu yi chao .qu yuan yi zhi shen xiang .jia yi yi zhi fa fen .bu yi guo hu .ran ze sheng ren suo yi wei sheng zhe .gai zai hu le tian zhi ming yi .gu yu zhi er bu yuan .ju zhi er bu yi ye .qi shen ke yi .er dao bu ke qu .qi wei ke pai .er ming bu ke duo .pi ru shui ye .tong zhi si wei chuan yan .sai zhi si wei yuan yan .sheng zhi yu yun ze yu shi .shen zhi yu di ze tu run .ti qing yi xi wu .bu luan yu zhuo .shou zhuo yi ji wu .bu shang yu qing .shi yi sheng ren chu qiong da ru yi ye .fu zhong zhi zhi wu yu zhu .du li zhi fu yu su .li shi ran ye .gu mu xiu yu lin .feng bi cui zhi .dui chu yu an .liu bi tuan zhi .xing gao yu ren .zhong bi fei zhi .qian jian bu yuan .fu che ji gui .ran er zhi shi ren ren .you dao zhi er fu hui .cao zhi er fu shi .he zai .jiang yi sui zhi er cheng ming ye .qiu sui qi zhi .er mao feng bo yu xian tu .qiu cheng qi ming .er li bang yi yu dang shi .bi suo yi chu zhi .gai you suan yi .zi xia yue ..si sheng you ming .fu gui zai tian .gu dao zhi jiang xing ye .ming zhi jiang gui ye .ze yi yin lv shang zhi xing yu shang zhou .bai li zi fang zhi yong yu qin han .bu qiu er zi de .bu jiao er zi yu yi .dao zhi jiang fei ye .ming zhi jiang jian ye .qi du jun zi chi zhi er fu wei hu .gai yi zhi wei zhi er fu de yi .fan xi shi gou he zhi shi .qu chu qi zhi ren .mian yang zun gui zhi yan .wei yi shi li zhi jian .yi wu shi fei .zan zhi ru liu .yan wu ke fou .ying zhi ru xiang .yi kui kan wei jing shen .yi xiang bei wei bian tong .shi zhi suo ji .cong zhi ru gui shi .shi zhi suo qu .qi zhi ru tuo yi .qi yan yue .ming yu shen shu qin ye .de yu shi shu xian ye .rong yu ru shu zhen ye .gu sui xie qi yi fu .jin qi che tu .mao qi huo hui .yin qi sheng se .mai mai ran zi yi wei de yi .gai jian long feng .bi gan zhi wang qi shen .er bu wei fei lian .e lai zhi mie qi zu ye .gai zhi wu zi xu zhi shu lou yu wu .er bu jie fei wu ji zhi zhu yi yu chu ye .gai ji ji an zhi bai shou yu zhu jue .er bu cheng zhang tang niu che zhi huo ye .gai xiao xiao wang zhi ba zhi yu qian .er bu ju shi xian zhi jiao yi yu hou ye .gu fu da zhe zhi suan ye .yi ge you jin yi .yue .fan ren zhi suo yi ben jing yu fu gui .he wei zhe zai .ruo fu li de bi xu gui hu .ze you li zhi wei tian zi .bu ru zhong ni zhi wei pei chen ye .bi xu shi hu .ze wang mang .dong xian zhi wei san gong .bu ru yang xiong .zhong shu zhi qu qi men ye .bi xu fu hu .ze qi jing zhi qian si .bu ru yan hui .yuan xian zhi yue qi shen ye .qi wei shi hu .ze zhi biao er yin he zhe .bu guo man fu .qi shi er sa yu zhe .bu guo ru shen .guo ci yi wang .fu neng shou ye .qi wei ming hu .ze shan e shu yu shi ce .hui yu liu yu qian zai .shang fa xuan yu tian dao .ji xiong zhuo hu gui shen .gu ke wei ye .jiang yi yu er mu .le xin yi hu .pi ming jia er you wu du zhi shi .ze tian xia zhi huo bi chen yi .qian shang er she wen yang zhi qiu .ze tian xia zhi jia ru yun yi .zhui ji er shou ao yu .hai ling zhi cang .ze shan di zhi ji zai qian yi .cha ren er deng zhong shan .lan tian zhi shang .ze ye guang yu fan zhi zhen ke guan yi .fu ru shi ye .wei wu shen zhong .wei ji shen gua .bu ai qi shen .er se qi shen .feng jing chen qi .san er bu zhi .liu ji dai qi qian .wu xing sui qi hou .li hai sheng qi zuo .gong duo chu qi you .er zi yi wei jian shen ming zhi qin shu .fen rong ru zhi ke zhu zai .tian di zhi da de yue sheng .sheng ren zhi da bao yue wei .he yi shou wei yue ren .he yi zheng ren yue yi .gu gu zhi wang zhe .gai yi yi ren zhi tian xia .bu yi tian xia feng yi ren ye .gu zhi shi zhe .gai yi guan xing qi yi .bu yi li mao qi guan ye .gu zhi jun zi .gai chi de zhi er fu neng zhi ye .bu chi neng zhi er fu de ye .yuan hu tian ren zhi xing .he hu xie zheng zhi fen .quan hu huo fu zhi men .zhong hu rong ru zhi suan .qi zhao ran yi .gu jun zi she bi qu ci .ruo fu chu chu bu wei qi shi .mo yu bu shi qi ren .tian dong xing hui er chen ji you ju qi suo .ji xuan lun zhuan .er heng zhou you zhi qi zhong .ji ming qie zhe .yi bao qi shen .yi jue sun mou .yi yan yi zi zhe .xi wu xian you .chang cong shi yu si yi .li shi gu qing shi .qi juan xiang zhi mei .yang guang jing si ming .qiao shi an suo shi .sha yu ji ku gan .di ang hu ming bei .shuo yun tu feng han .ji li qiong qiu shi .jun zi shang rong yu .xiao ren shou jing wei .can qi ri xiang shi .li you zuo zi zi .zun jiu liao ke zhuo .fang ge liang tu wei .xi wu xie lv zhe .yao miao xian wu shi .jin wen gong ji ding xiang wang yu jia .wang lao zhi yi di .ci .qing sui yan .wang fu xu .yue ..xi wo xian wang zhi you tian xia ye .gui fang qian li .yi wei dian fu .yi gong shang di shan chuan bai shen zhi si .yi bei bai xing zhao min zhi yong .yi dai bu ting .bu yu zhi huan .qi yu .yi jun fen gong .hou .bo .zi .nan .shi ge you ning yu .yi shun ji tian di .wu feng qi zai hai .xian wang qi you lai yan .nei guan bu guo jiu yu .wai guan bu guo jiu pin .zu yi gong gei shen qi er yi .qi gan yan zong qi er mu xin fu .yi luan bai du .yi wei shi si sheng zhi fu wu cai zhang .yi lin chang bai xing er qing zhong bu zhi .wang he yi zhi you ...jin tian jiang huo zai yu zhou shi .yu yi ren jin yi shou fu .you bu ning yi qin shu fu .er ban xian wang zhi da wu yi shang si de .qi shu fu shi ying qie zeng .yi fei yu yi ren .yu yi ren qi gan you ai ye .xian min you yan yue ..gai yu gai xing ..shu fu ruo neng guang yu da de .geng xing gai wu .yi chuang zhi tian xia .zi xian yong ye .er suo qu bei wu .yi zhen fu bai xing .yu yi ren qi liu bi yu yi tu .he ci zhi you yu .ruo you shi ji xing ye .shang jiang lie wei gong hou .yi fu xian wang zhi zhi .da wu qi wei ke gai ye .shu fu qi mao zhao ming de .wu jiang zi zhi .yu he gan yi si lao bian qian zhi da zhang .yi tian tian xia .qi ruo xian wang yu bai xing he .he zheng ling zhi wei ye .ruo bu ran .shu fu you di er sui yan .yu an neng zhi zhi ..wen gong sui bu gan qing .shou di er huan .ren shen xia fan zhou xi hu .shu huai you fu .shi yu bie hang zhou gai shi nian yi tian feng chui wo .duo hu shan yi jiao .guo ran qing li .zeng shi dong hua sheng xiao ke .hui shou cang mang wu ji .tu gou gong ming .diao long wen juan .qi shi ping sheng yi .xiang qin su xiao .ding ying xiao wo fei ji .cai jian yi mo xie yang .ban di xiang cao .dun re qing chou qi .luo wa yin chen he chu mi .miao miao yu huai gu ji .yuan qu chui xiao .kuang lai shuo jian .liang yang xiao hun wei .liang ban chun meng .lu sheng dang ru yun shui .

秋天的(de)深夜里高悬着的一轮明月，照耀着幽深人(ren)少(shao)的山林。夜空中月光皎洁，群星稀廖。
⑸紫阙：紫色的宫殿，此指帝王宫殿。一作“紫关”。因为没有酒喝了，所以就到州牧那里去喝酒。
（37）晏晏（yàn）：欢乐，和悦的样子。秋天快要过去了，依然觉得白昼非常漫长。比起王粲《登楼赋》所抒发的怀乡情，我觉得更加凄凉。不如学学陶渊明，沉醉酒中以摆脱忧愁，不要辜负东篱盛开的菊花。
15.信宿(su)：再宿。不论是离开还是留下，都会是对方梦中出现的人。
12、鸾刀：刀柄缀有鸾铃的屠刀。饯别的酒宴规模十分盛大，雄壮的军威轰动整个洛城。
晚照：夕阳的余晖；夕阳。叶子黯淡没有光彩啊，枝条交叉纷乱杂凑。
（2）閟（bì）：闭塞。伤心惨目。这种鲜明对比所产生的艺术效果，无形中会激起读者对贵族少爷的憎恶和愤慨。
（31）创化： 天地自然之功怎能让此身化作千千万万，撒落到每个峰顶眺望故乡！
⑶亦：也。想到国事家事，愁得我双鬓灰白；白白地耗费朝廷俸禄(lu)，我心中感到羞耻难当。
⒀褰裳（qiān cháng）去之：指让贤退隐。褰裳，撩起下衣。把君山削去该有多好，可让洞庭湖水平铺开去望而无边(bian)。巴陵的美酒饮不尽，共同醉倒于洞庭湖的秋天。
⑻吟商：吟咏秋天。商，五音之一，《礼记·月令》：“孟秋之月其音商。”

　　此诗不计乱辞，可分为五层，每层三节。前三层为回忆，第四层抒发作诗当时的心情，第五层为对造成国家、个人悲剧之原因的思考。乱辞在情志、结构两方面总括全诗，为第六层。
　　刘禹锡此诗在《全唐诗》题作《元和十一年自朗州召至京戏赠看花诸君子》。此诗通过人们在长安一座道士庙──玄都观中看花这样一件生活琐事，讽刺了当时的朝廷新贵。由于这首诗刺痛了当权者，他和柳宗元等再度被派为远州刺史。官是升了，政治环境却无改善。
　　此篇表现了周代贵族家宴的盛况，体现了从古至今中华民族和睦友爱、尊老敬老的传统美德。诗写宴会、比射，既有大的场面描绘，又有小的细节点染，转换自然，层次清晰。修辞手法丰富多采，有叠字，如形容苇叶之润泽，则用“泥泥”，形容兄弟之亲热，则用“戚戚”，贴切生动；有排比，如“敦弓既坚，四鍭既钧，舍矢既均”，显得极有气势。这些对于增强诗的艺术效果，都起到了很好的作用。
　　柳子厚与刘梦得在公元793年（贞元九年）同为赐进士及第，踏上仕途，二十多年来，肝胆相照，取长补短，是中唐文坛上的“双星”。孙昌武先生在《柳宗元评传》中 写道：“刘禹锡是柳宗元一生中最为亲密的友人，是一代差可与柳宗元比肩的卓越的思想家、文学家、政治家……二人交谊终身不渝，在政治斗争中同进退，相支持，在思想理论上互有影响，在文学上也共同切磋，相互学习。”从步入仕途到“永贞革新”，从革新失败到被贬谪，从奉旨返京到再度远谪，他们始终患难与共。永州十年，二人交谊最密切，通讯最频繁。公元815年（元和十年）旧历二月，二人作为“十一年前南渡客，四千里外北归人”（柳宗元《诏追赴都二月至灞上亭》）分别从永州、朗州回到长安，满以为劫难已过，对前途充满希望和幻想，谁知不到一个月，却被外放至更为荒僻的远州任职。是年三月，二人打点行装，携家带口，又一次踏上南下之路。就心态而言，彼此都凄然伤感，二人都幻想着有朝一日能东山再起，造福桑梓；但朝廷一再疏远，新贵们造谣中伤，其理想已被残酷的现实击得粉碎，纵有雄才大略仍无用武之地，因而更加愤懑。柳宗元便有“皇恩若许归田去，晚岁当为邻舍翁”（《重别梦得》）的打算，刘禹锡则更低调：“耦耕若便遗身 世，黄发相看万事休”（《答重别》），他们已把功名看淡，悟出东山再起遥不可及的道理。到衡阳后，一人往西南去了柳州，一人向南直奔连州，歧路分手，万语千言，甚为感人。刘梦得形容惜别时的情景为“归目并随回雁尽，愁肠正遇断猿时”（《再授连州至衡阳酬柳柳州赠别》），分手之后，相互写诗酬答，共六首，其中七律二首，七绝二首，五绝二首，均字字含情，句句有泪，深沉而郁抑，哀伤而悲凄。《《衡阳与梦得分路赠别》柳宗元 古诗》为第一首。
　　这四首写景诗，都是抓住一个细节，抓住平凡事物中富有诗意的东西加以表现。