心同流水净，身与白云轻。寂寂深山暮，微闻钟磬声。新秋逢闰，鹊桥重驾，两度人间乞巧。栏干斜转玉绳低，问乞得、天机多少？闺中女伴、天边佳会，多事纷纷祈祷。神仙之说本虚无，便是有、也应年老。太皞御气，句芒肇功。苍龙青旗，爰候祥风。日本人之称我中国也，一则曰老大帝国，再则曰老大帝国。是语也，盖袭译欧西人之言也。呜唿！我中国其果老大矣乎？梁启超曰：恶！是何言！是何言！吾心目中有一少年中国在！欲言国之老少，请先言人之老少。老年人常思既往，少年人常思将来。惟思既往也，故生留恋心；惟思将来也，故生希望心。惟留恋也，故保守；惟希望也，故进取。惟保守也，故永旧；惟进取也，故日新。惟思既往也，事事皆其所已经者，故惟知照例；惟思将来也，事事皆其所未经者，故常敢破格。老年人常多忧虑，少年人常好行乐。惟多忧也，故灰心；惟行乐也，故盛气。惟灰心也，故怯懦；惟盛气也，故豪壮。惟怯懦也，故苟且；惟豪壮也，故冒险。惟苟且也，故能灭世界；惟冒险也，故能造世界。老年人常厌事，少年人常喜事。惟厌事也，故常觉一切事无可为者；惟好事也，故常觉一切事无不可为者。老年人如夕照，少年人如朝阳；老年人如瘠牛，少年人如乳虎。老年人如僧，少年人如侠。老年人如字典，少年人如戏文。老年人如鸦片烟，少年人如泼兰地酒。老年人如别行星之陨石，少年人如大洋海之珊瑚岛。老年人如埃及沙漠之金字塔，少年人如西比利亚之铁路；老年人如秋后之柳，少年人如春前之草。老年人如死海之潴为泽，少年人如长江之初发源。此老年与少年性格不同之大略也。任公曰：人固有之，国亦宜然。梁启超曰：伤哉，老大也！浔阳江头琵琶妇，当明月绕船，枫叶瑟瑟，衾寒于铁，似梦非梦之时，追想洛阳尘中春花秋月之佳趣。西宫南内，白发宫娥，一灯如穗，三五对坐，谈开元、天宝间遗事，谱《霓裳羽衣曲》。青门种瓜人，左对孺人，顾弄孺子，忆侯门似海珠履杂沓之盛事。拿破仑之流于厄蔑，阿剌飞之幽于锡兰，与三两监守吏，或过访之好事者，道当年短刀匹马驰骋中原，席卷欧洲，血战海楼，一声叱咤，万国震恐之丰功伟烈，初而拍案，继而抚髀，终而揽镜。呜唿，面皴齿尽，白发盈把，颓然老矣！若是者，舍幽郁之外无心事，舍悲惨之外无天地，舍颓唐之外无日月，舍叹息之外无音声，舍待死之外无事业。美人豪杰且然，而况寻常碌碌者耶？生平亲友，皆在墟墓；起居饮食，待命于人。今日且过，遑知他日？今年且过，遑恤明年？普天下灰心短气之事，未有甚于老大者。于此人也，而欲望以拏云之手段，回天之事功，挟山超海之意气，能乎不能？呜唿！我中国其果老大矣乎？立乎今日以指畴昔，唐虞三代，若何之郅治；秦皇汉武，若何之雄杰；汉唐来之文学，若何之隆盛；康干间之武功，若何之烜赫。历史家所铺叙，词章家所讴歌，何一非我国民少年时代良辰美景、赏心乐事之陈迹哉！而今颓然老矣！昨日割五城，明日割十城，处处雀鼠尽，夜夜鸡犬惊。十八省之土地财产，已为人怀中之肉；四百兆之父兄子弟，已为人注籍之奴，岂所谓“老大嫁作商人妇”者耶？呜唿！凭君莫话当年事，憔悴韶光不忍看！楚囚相对，岌岌顾影，人命危浅，朝不虑夕。国为待死之国，一国之民为待死之民。万事付之奈何，一切凭人作弄，亦何足怪！任公曰：我中国其果老大矣乎？是今日全地球之一大问题也。如其老大也，则是中国为过去之国，即地球上昔本有此国，而今渐澌灭，他日之命运殆将尽也。如其非老大也，则是中国为未来之国，即地球上昔未现此国，而今渐发达，他日之前程且方长也。欲断今日之中国为老大耶？为少年耶？则不可不先明“国”字之意义。夫国也者，何物也？有土地，有人民，以居于其土地之人民，而治其所居之土地之事，自制法律而自守之；有主权，有服从，人人皆主权者，人人皆服从者。夫如是，斯谓之完全成立之国，地球上之有完全成立之国也，自百年以来也。完全成立者，壮年之事也。未能完全成立而渐进于完全成立者，少年之事也。故吾得一言以断之曰：欧洲列邦在今日为壮年国，而我中国在今日为少年国。夫古昔之中国者，虽有国之名，而未成国之形也。或为家族之国，或为酋长之国，或为诸侯封建之国，或为一王专制之国。虽种类不一，要之，其于国家之体质也，有其一部而缺其一部。正如婴儿自胚胎以迄成童，其身体之一二官支，先行长成，此外则全体虽粗具，然未能得其用也。故唐虞以前为胚胎时代，殷周之际为乳哺时代，由孔子而来至于今为童子时代。逐渐发达，而今乃始将入成童以上少年之界焉。其长成所以若是之迟者，则历代之民贼有窒其生机者也。譬犹童年多病，转类老态，或且疑其死期之将至焉，而不知皆由未完成未成立也。非过去之谓，而未来之谓也。且我中国畴昔，岂尝有国家哉？不过有朝廷耳！我黄帝子孙，聚族而居，立于此地球之上者既数千年，而问其国之为何名，则无有也。夫所谓唐、虞、夏、商、周、秦、汉、魏、晋、宋、齐、梁、陈、隋、唐、宋、元、明、清者，则皆朝名耳。朝也者，一家之私产也。国也者，人民之公产也。朝有朝之老少，国有国之老少。朝与国既异物，则不能以朝之老少而指为国之老少明矣。文、武、成、康，周朝之少年时代也。幽、厉、桓、赧，则其老年时代也。高、文、景、武，汉朝之少年时代也。元、平、桓、灵，则其老年时代也。自余历朝，莫不有之。凡此者谓为一朝廷之老也则可，谓为一国之老也则不可。一朝廷之老旦死，犹一人之老且死也，于吾所谓中国者何与焉。然则，吾中国者，前此尚未出现于世界，而今乃始萌芽云尔。天地大矣，前途辽矣。美哉我少年中国乎！玛志尼者，意大利三杰之魁也。以国事被罪，逃窜异邦。乃创立一会，名曰“少年意大利”。举国志士，云涌雾集以应之。卒乃光复旧物，使意大利为欧洲之一雄邦。夫意大利者，欧洲之第一老大国也。自罗马亡后，土地隶于教皇，政权归于奥国，殆所谓老而濒于死者矣。而得一玛志尼，且能举全国而少年之，况我中国之实为少年时代者耶！堂堂四百余州之国土，凛凛四百余兆之国民，岂遂无一玛志尼其人者！龚自珍氏之集有诗一章，题曰《能令公少年行》。吾尝爱读之，而有味乎其用意之所存。我国民而自谓其国之老大也，斯果老大矣；我国民而自知其国之少年也，斯乃少年矣。西谚有之曰：“有三岁之翁，有百岁之童。”然则，国之老少，又无定形，而实随国民之心力以为消长者也。吾见乎玛志尼之能令国少年也，吾又见乎我国之官吏士民能令国老大也。吾为此惧！夫以如此壮丽浓郁翩翩绝世之少年中国，而使欧西日本人谓我为老大者，何也？则以握国权者皆老朽之人也。非哦几十年八股，非写几十年白折，非当几十年差，非捱几十年俸，非递几十年手本，非唱几十年喏，非磕几十年头，非请几十年安，则必不能得一官、进一职。其内任卿贰以上，外任监司以上者，百人之中，其五官不备者，殆九十六七人也。非眼盲则耳聋，非手颤则足跛，否则半身不遂也。彼其一身饮食步履视听言语，尚且不能自了，须三四人左右扶之捉之，乃能度日，于此而乃欲责之以国事，是何异立无数木偶而使治天下也！且彼辈者，自其少壮之时既已不知亚细亚、欧罗巴为何处地方，汉祖唐宗是那朝皇帝，犹嫌其顽钝腐败之未臻其极，又必搓磨之，陶冶之，待其脑髓已涸，血管已塞，气息奄奄，与鬼为邻之时，然后将我二万里山河，四万万人命，一举而界于其手。呜唿！老大帝国，诚哉其老大也！而彼辈者，积其数十年之八股、白折、当差、捱俸、手本、唱喏、磕头、请安，千辛万苦，千苦万辛，乃始得此红顶花翎之服色，中堂大人之名号，乃出其全副精神，竭其毕生力量，以保持之。如彼乞儿拾金一锭，虽轰雷盘旋其顶上，而两手犹紧抱其荷包，他事非所顾也，非所知也，非所闻也。于此而告之以亡国也，瓜分也，彼乌从而听之，乌从而信之！即使果亡矣，果分矣，而吾今年七十矣，八十矣，但求其一两年内，洋人不来，强盗不起，我已快活过了一世矣！若不得已，则割三头两省之土地奉申贺敬，以换我几个衙门；卖三几百万之人民作仆为奴，以赎我一条老命，有何不可？有何难办？呜唿！今之所谓老后、老臣、老将、老吏者，其修身齐家治国平天下之手段，皆具于是矣。西风一夜催人老，凋尽朱颜白尽头。使走无常当医生，携催命符以祝寿，嗟乎痛哉！以此为国，是安得不老且死，且吾恐其未及岁而殇也。任公曰：造成今日之老大中国者，则中国老朽之冤业也。制出将来之少年中国者，则中国少年之责任也。彼老朽者何足道，彼与此世界作别之日不远矣，而我少年乃新来而与世界为缘。如僦屋者然，彼明日将迁居他方，而我今日始入此室处。将迁居者，不爱护其窗栊，不洁治其庭庑，俗人恒情，亦何足怪！若我少年者，前程浩浩，后顾茫茫。中国而为牛为马为奴为隶，则烹脔鞭棰之惨酷，惟我少年当之。中国如称霸宇内，主盟地球，则指挥顾盼之尊荣，惟我少年享之。于彼气息奄奄与鬼为邻者何与焉？彼而漠然置之，犹可言也。我而漠然置之，不可言也。使举国之少年而果为少年也，则吾中国为未来之国，其进步未可量也。使举国之少年而亦为老大也，则吾中国为过去之国，其澌亡可翘足而待也。故今日之责任，不在他人，而全在我少年。少年智则国智，少年富则国富；少年强则国强，少年独立则国独立；少年自由则国自由；少年进步则国进步；少年胜于欧洲，则国胜于欧洲；少年雄于地球，则国雄于地球。红日初升，其道大光。河出伏流，一泻汪洋。潜龙腾渊，鳞爪飞扬。乳虎啸谷，百兽震惶。鹰隼试翼，风尘翕张。奇花初胎，矞矞皇皇。干将发硎，有作其芒。天戴其苍，地履其黄。纵有千古，横有八荒。前途似海，来日方长。美哉我少年中国，与天不老！壮哉我中国少年，与国无疆！“三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月。莫等闲，白了少年头，空悲切。”此岳武穆《满江红》词句也，作者自六岁时即口受记忆，至今喜诵之不衰。自今以往，弃“哀时客”之名，更自名曰“少年中国之少年”。少年不识愁滋味，爱上层楼。爱上层楼，为赋新词强说愁。 而今识尽愁滋味，欲说还休。欲说还休，却道天凉好个秋。北归至凤翔，墨制放往鄜州作。按鄜在凤翔东北，故曰北征。皇帝二载秋，闰八月初吉。杜子将北征，苍茫问家室。维时遭艰虞，朝野无暇日。顾惭恩私被，诏许归蓬筚。拜辞诣阙下，憷惕久未出。虽乏谏诤姿，恐君有遗失。君诚中兴主，经纬固密勿。东胡反未已，臣甫愤所切。挥涕恋行在，道途犹恍惚。干坤含疮痍，忧虞何时毕？靡靡逾阡陌，人烟眇萧瑟。所遇多被伤，呻吟更流血。回首凤翔县，旌旗晚明灭。前登寒山重，屡得饮马窟。邠郊入地底，泾水中荡潏。勐虎立我前，苍崖吼时裂。菊垂今秋花，石戴古车辙。青云动高兴，幽事亦可悦。山果多琐细，罗生杂橡栗。或红如丹砂，或黑如点漆。雨露之所濡，甘苦齐结实。缅思桃源内，益叹身世拙。坡陀望鄜畤，岩谷互出没。我行已水滨，我仆犹木末。鸱鸟鸣黄桑，野鼠拱乱穴。夜深经战场，寒月照白骨。潼关百万师，往者散何卒？遂令半秦民，残害为异物。况我堕胡尘，及归尽华发。经年至茅屋，妻子衣百结。恸哭松声回，悲泉共幽咽。平生所娇儿，颜色白胜雪。见耶背面啼，垢腻脚不袜。床前两小女，补缀才过膝。海图坼波涛，旧绣移曲折。天吴及紫凤，颠倒在裋褐。老夫情怀恶，呕泄卧数日。那无囊中帛，救汝寒凛栗。粉黛亦解包，衾绸稍罗列。瘦妻面复光，痴女头自栉。学母无不为，晓妆随手抹。移时施朱铅，狼藉画眉阔。生还对童稚，似欲忘饥渴。问事竞挽须，谁能即嗔喝？翻思在贼愁，甘受杂乱聒。新归且慰意，生理焉得说？至尊尚蒙尘，几日休练卒？仰观天色改，坐觉妖氛豁。阴风西北来，惨淡随回纥。其王愿助顺，其俗善驰突。送兵五千人，躯马一万匹。此辈少为贵，四方服勇决。所用皆鹰腾，破敌过箭疾。圣心颇虚伫，时议气欲夺。伊洛指掌收，西京不足拔。官军请深入，蓄锐可俱发。此举开青徐，旋瞻略恒碣。昊天积霜露，正气有肃杀。祸转亡胡岁，势成擒胡月。胡命其能久？皇纲未宜绝。忆昨狼狈初，事与古先别：奸臣竟葅醢，同恶随荡析。不闻夏殷衰，中自诛褒妲。周汉获再兴，宣光果明哲。桓桓陈将军，仗钺奋忠烈。微尔人尽非，于今国犹活。凄凉大同殿，寂寞白兽闼。都人望翠华，佳气向金阙。园陵固有神，洒扫数不缺。煌煌太宗业，树立甚宏达！磨针溪，在眉州象耳山下。世传李太白读书山中，未成，弃去。过小溪，逢老媪方磨铁杵，问之，曰：“欲作针。”太白感其意，还卒业。媪自言姓武。今溪旁有武氏岩。杳杳日西颓，漫漫长路迫。登楼为谁思？临江迟来客。与我别所期，期在三五夕。圆景早己满，佳人犹未适。即事怨睽携，感物方凄戚。孟夏非长夜，晦明如岁隔。瑶华未堪折，兰苕已屡摘。路阻莫赠问，云何慰离析？搔首访行人，引领冀良觌。孤鹤归飞，再过辽天，换尽旧人。念累累枯冢，茫茫梦境，王侯蝼蚁，毕竟成尘。载酒园林，寻花巷陌，当日何曾轻负春。流年改，叹围腰带剩，点鬓霜新。交亲零落如云，又岂料如今馀此身。幸眼明身健，茶甘饭软，非惟我老，更有人贫。躲尽危机，消残壮志，短艇湖中闲采莼。吾何恨，有渔翁共醉，溪友为邻。不逢盛暑不冲寒，种子成丛用法难。醉眼若为抛去得，余客武陵。湖北宪治在焉：古城野水，乔木参天。余与二三友，日荡舟其间。薄荷花而饮，意象幽闲，不类人境。秋水且涸。荷叶出地寻丈，因列坐其下，上不见日。清风徐来，绿云自动。间于疏处，窥见游人画船，亦一乐也。朅来吴兴。数得相羊荷花中，又夜泛西湖，光景奇绝。故以此句写之。闹红一舸，记来时，尝与鸳鸯为侣，三十六陂人未到，水佩风裳无数。翠叶吹凉，玉容消酒，更洒菇蒲雨。嫣然摇动，冷香飞上诗句。日暮，青盖亭亭，情人不见，争忍凌波去？只恐舞衣寒易落，愁人西风南浦。高柳垂阴，老鱼吹浪，留我花间住。田田多少，几回沙际归路。(愁人 一作：愁入)九宫肃列，六典相仪。永言配命，长保无亏。

xin tong liu shui jing .shen yu bai yun qing .ji ji shen shan mu .wei wen zhong qing sheng .xin qiu feng run .que qiao zhong jia .liang du ren jian qi qiao .lan gan xie zhuan yu sheng di .wen qi de .tian ji duo shao .gui zhong nv ban .tian bian jia hui .duo shi fen fen qi dao .shen xian zhi shuo ben xu wu .bian shi you .ye ying nian lao .tai hao yu qi .ju mang zhao gong .cang long qing qi .yuan hou xiang feng .ri ben ren zhi cheng wo zhong guo ye .yi ze yue lao da di guo .zai ze yue lao da di guo .shi yu ye .gai xi yi ou xi ren zhi yan ye .wu hu .wo zhong guo qi guo lao da yi hu .liang qi chao yue .e .shi he yan .shi he yan .wu xin mu zhong you yi shao nian zhong guo zai .yu yan guo zhi lao shao .qing xian yan ren zhi lao shao .lao nian ren chang si ji wang .shao nian ren chang si jiang lai .wei si ji wang ye .gu sheng liu lian xin .wei si jiang lai ye .gu sheng xi wang xin .wei liu lian ye .gu bao shou .wei xi wang ye .gu jin qu .wei bao shou ye .gu yong jiu .wei jin qu ye .gu ri xin .wei si ji wang ye .shi shi jie qi suo yi jing zhe .gu wei zhi zhao li .wei si jiang lai ye .shi shi jie qi suo wei jing zhe .gu chang gan po ge .lao nian ren chang duo you lv .shao nian ren chang hao xing le .wei duo you ye .gu hui xin .wei xing le ye .gu sheng qi .wei hui xin ye .gu qie nuo .wei sheng qi ye .gu hao zhuang .wei qie nuo ye .gu gou qie .wei hao zhuang ye .gu mao xian .wei gou qie ye .gu neng mie shi jie .wei mao xian ye .gu neng zao shi jie .lao nian ren chang yan shi .shao nian ren chang xi shi .wei yan shi ye .gu chang jue yi qie shi wu ke wei zhe .wei hao shi ye .gu chang jue yi qie shi wu bu ke wei zhe .lao nian ren ru xi zhao .shao nian ren ru chao yang .lao nian ren ru ji niu .shao nian ren ru ru hu .lao nian ren ru seng .shao nian ren ru xia .lao nian ren ru zi dian .shao nian ren ru xi wen .lao nian ren ru ya pian yan .shao nian ren ru po lan di jiu .lao nian ren ru bie xing xing zhi yun shi .shao nian ren ru da yang hai zhi shan hu dao .lao nian ren ru ai ji sha mo zhi jin zi ta .shao nian ren ru xi bi li ya zhi tie lu .lao nian ren ru qiu hou zhi liu .shao nian ren ru chun qian zhi cao .lao nian ren ru si hai zhi zhu wei ze .shao nian ren ru chang jiang zhi chu fa yuan .ci lao nian yu shao nian xing ge bu tong zhi da lue ye .ren gong yue .ren gu you zhi .guo yi yi ran .liang qi chao yue .shang zai .lao da ye .xun yang jiang tou pi pa fu .dang ming yue rao chuan .feng ye se se .qin han yu tie .si meng fei meng zhi shi .zhui xiang luo yang chen zhong chun hua qiu yue zhi jia qu .xi gong nan nei .bai fa gong e .yi deng ru sui .san wu dui zuo .tan kai yuan .tian bao jian yi shi .pu .ni shang yu yi qu ..qing men zhong gua ren .zuo dui ru ren .gu nong ru zi .yi hou men si hai zhu lv za da zhi sheng shi .na po lun zhi liu yu e mie .a la fei zhi you yu xi lan .yu san liang jian shou li .huo guo fang zhi hao shi zhe .dao dang nian duan dao pi ma chi cheng zhong yuan .xi juan ou zhou .xue zhan hai lou .yi sheng chi zha .wan guo zhen kong zhi feng gong wei lie .chu er pai an .ji er fu bi .zhong er lan jing .wu hu .mian cun chi jin .bai fa ying ba .tui ran lao yi .ruo shi zhe .she you yu zhi wai wu xin shi .she bei can zhi wai wu tian di .she tui tang zhi wai wu ri yue .she tan xi zhi wai wu yin sheng .she dai si zhi wai wu shi ye .mei ren hao jie qie ran .er kuang xun chang lu lu zhe ye .sheng ping qin you .jie zai xu mu .qi ju yin shi .dai ming yu ren .jin ri qie guo .huang zhi ta ri .jin nian qie guo .huang xu ming nian .pu tian xia hui xin duan qi zhi shi .wei you shen yu lao da zhe .yu ci ren ye .er yu wang yi na yun zhi shou duan .hui tian zhi shi gong .xie shan chao hai zhi yi qi .neng hu bu neng .wu hu .wo zhong guo qi guo lao da yi hu .li hu jin ri yi zhi chou xi .tang yu san dai .ruo he zhi zhi zhi .qin huang han wu .ruo he zhi xiong jie .han tang lai zhi wen xue .ruo he zhi long sheng .kang gan jian zhi wu gong .ruo he zhi xuan he .li shi jia suo pu xu .ci zhang jia suo ou ge .he yi fei wo guo min shao nian shi dai liang chen mei jing .shang xin le shi zhi chen ji zai .er jin tui ran lao yi .zuo ri ge wu cheng .ming ri ge shi cheng .chu chu que shu jin .ye ye ji quan jing .shi ba sheng zhi tu di cai chan .yi wei ren huai zhong zhi rou .si bai zhao zhi fu xiong zi di .yi wei ren zhu ji zhi nu .qi suo wei .lao da jia zuo shang ren fu .zhe ye .wu hu .ping jun mo hua dang nian shi .qiao cui shao guang bu ren kan .chu qiu xiang dui .ji ji gu ying .ren ming wei qian .chao bu lv xi .guo wei dai si zhi guo .yi guo zhi min wei dai si zhi min .wan shi fu zhi nai he .yi qie ping ren zuo nong .yi he zu guai .ren gong yue .wo zhong guo qi guo lao da yi hu .shi jin ri quan di qiu zhi yi da wen ti ye .ru qi lao da ye .ze shi zhong guo wei guo qu zhi guo .ji di qiu shang xi ben you ci guo .er jin jian si mie .ta ri zhi ming yun dai jiang jin ye .ru qi fei lao da ye .ze shi zhong guo wei wei lai zhi guo .ji di qiu shang xi wei xian ci guo .er jin jian fa da .ta ri zhi qian cheng qie fang chang ye .yu duan jin ri zhi zhong guo wei lao da ye .wei shao nian ye .ze bu ke bu xian ming .guo .zi zhi yi yi .fu guo ye zhe .he wu ye .you tu di .you ren min .yi ju yu qi tu di zhi ren min .er zhi qi suo ju zhi tu di zhi shi .zi zhi fa lv er zi shou zhi .you zhu quan .you fu cong .ren ren jie zhu quan zhe .ren ren jie fu cong zhe .fu ru shi .si wei zhi wan quan cheng li zhi guo .di qiu shang zhi you wan quan cheng li zhi guo ye .zi bai nian yi lai ye .wan quan cheng li zhe .zhuang nian zhi shi ye .wei neng wan quan cheng li er jian jin yu wan quan cheng li zhe .shao nian zhi shi ye .gu wu de yi yan yi duan zhi yue .ou zhou lie bang zai jin ri wei zhuang nian guo .er wo zhong guo zai jin ri wei shao nian guo .fu gu xi zhi zhong guo zhe .sui you guo zhi ming .er wei cheng guo zhi xing ye .huo wei jia zu zhi guo .huo wei qiu chang zhi guo .huo wei zhu hou feng jian zhi guo .huo wei yi wang zhuan zhi zhi guo .sui zhong lei bu yi .yao zhi .qi yu guo jia zhi ti zhi ye .you qi yi bu er que qi yi bu .zheng ru ying er zi pei tai yi qi cheng tong .qi shen ti zhi yi er guan zhi .xian xing chang cheng .ci wai ze quan ti sui cu ju .ran wei neng de qi yong ye .gu tang yu yi qian wei pei tai shi dai .yin zhou zhi ji wei ru bu shi dai .you kong zi er lai zhi yu jin wei tong zi shi dai .zhu jian fa da .er jin nai shi jiang ru cheng tong yi shang shao nian zhi jie yan .qi chang cheng suo yi ruo shi zhi chi zhe .ze li dai zhi min zei you zhi qi sheng ji zhe ye .pi you tong nian duo bing .zhuan lei lao tai .huo qie yi qi si qi zhi jiang zhi yan .er bu zhi jie you wei wan cheng wei cheng li ye .fei guo qu zhi wei .er wei lai zhi wei ye .qie wo zhong guo chou xi .qi chang you guo jia zai .bu guo you chao ting er .wo huang di zi sun .ju zu er ju .li yu ci di qiu zhi shang zhe ji shu qian nian .er wen qi guo zhi wei he ming .ze wu you ye .fu suo wei tang .yu .xia .shang .zhou .qin .han .wei .jin .song .qi .liang .chen .sui .tang .song .yuan .ming .qing zhe .ze jie chao ming er .chao ye zhe .yi jia zhi si chan ye .guo ye zhe .ren min zhi gong chan ye .chao you chao zhi lao shao .guo you guo zhi lao shao .chao yu guo ji yi wu .ze bu neng yi chao zhi lao shao er zhi wei guo zhi lao shao ming yi .wen .wu .cheng .kang .zhou chao zhi shao nian shi dai ye .you .li .huan .nan .ze qi lao nian shi dai ye .gao .wen .jing .wu .han chao zhi shao nian shi dai ye .yuan .ping .huan .ling .ze qi lao nian shi dai ye .zi yu li chao .mo bu you zhi .fan ci zhe wei wei yi chao ting zhi lao ye ze ke .wei wei yi guo zhi lao ye ze bu ke .yi chao ting zhi lao dan si .you yi ren zhi lao qie si ye .yu wu suo wei zhong guo zhe he yu yan .ran ze .wu zhong guo zhe .qian ci shang wei chu xian yu shi jie .er jin nai shi meng ya yun er .tian di da yi .qian tu liao yi .mei zai wo shao nian zhong guo hu .ma zhi ni zhe .yi da li san jie zhi kui ye .yi guo shi bei zui .tao cuan yi bang .nai chuang li yi hui .ming yue .shao nian yi da li ..ju guo zhi shi .yun yong wu ji yi ying zhi .zu nai guang fu jiu wu .shi yi da li wei ou zhou zhi yi xiong bang .fu yi da li zhe .ou zhou zhi di yi lao da guo ye .zi luo ma wang hou .tu di li yu jiao huang .zheng quan gui yu ao guo .dai suo wei lao er bin yu si zhe yi .er de yi ma zhi ni .qie neng ju quan guo er shao nian zhi .kuang wo zhong guo zhi shi wei shao nian shi dai zhe ye .tang tang si bai yu zhou zhi guo tu .lin lin si bai yu zhao zhi guo min .qi sui wu yi ma zhi ni qi ren zhe .gong zi zhen shi zhi ji you shi yi zhang .ti yue .neng ling gong shao nian xing ..wu chang ai du zhi .er you wei hu qi yong yi zhi suo cun .wo guo min er zi wei qi guo zhi lao da ye .si guo lao da yi .wo guo min er zi zhi qi guo zhi shao nian ye .si nai shao nian yi .xi yan you zhi yue ..you san sui zhi weng .you bai sui zhi tong ..ran ze .guo zhi lao shao .you wu ding xing .er shi sui guo min zhi xin li yi wei xiao chang zhe ye .wu jian hu ma zhi ni zhi neng ling guo shao nian ye .wu you jian hu wo guo zhi guan li shi min neng ling guo lao da ye .wu wei ci ju .fu yi ru ci zhuang li nong yu pian pian jue shi zhi shao nian zhong guo .er shi ou xi ri ben ren wei wo wei lao da zhe .he ye .ze yi wo guo quan zhe jie lao xiu zhi ren ye .fei o ji shi nian ba gu .fei xie ji shi nian bai zhe .fei dang ji shi nian cha .fei ai ji shi nian feng .fei di ji shi nian shou ben .fei chang ji shi nian nuo .fei ke ji shi nian tou .fei qing ji shi nian an .ze bi bu neng de yi guan .jin yi zhi .qi nei ren qing er yi shang .wai ren jian si yi shang zhe .bai ren zhi zhong .qi wu guan bu bei zhe .dai jiu shi liu qi ren ye .fei yan mang ze er long .fei shou chan ze zu bo .fou ze ban shen bu sui ye .bi qi yi shen yin shi bu lv shi ting yan yu .shang qie bu neng zi liao .xu san si ren zuo you fu zhi zhuo zhi .nai neng du ri .yu ci er nai yu ze zhi yi guo shi .shi he yi li wu shu mu ou er shi zhi tian xia ye .qie bi bei zhe .zi qi shao zhuang zhi shi ji yi bu zhi ya xi ya .ou luo ba wei he chu di fang .han zu tang zong shi na chao huang di .you xian qi wan dun fu bai zhi wei zhen qi ji .you bi cuo mo zhi .tao ye zhi .dai qi nao sui yi he .xue guan yi sai .qi xi yan yan .yu gui wei lin zhi shi .ran hou jiang wo er wan li shan he .si wan wan ren ming .yi ju er jie yu qi shou .wu hu .lao da di guo .cheng zai qi lao da ye .er bi bei zhe .ji qi shu shi nian zhi ba gu .bai zhe .dang cha .ai feng .shou ben .chang nuo .ke tou .qing an .qian xin wan ku .qian ku wan xin .nai shi de ci hong ding hua ling zhi fu se .zhong tang da ren zhi ming hao .nai chu qi quan fu jing shen .jie qi bi sheng li liang .yi bao chi zhi .ru bi qi er shi jin yi ding .sui hong lei pan xuan qi ding shang .er liang shou you jin bao qi he bao .ta shi fei suo gu ye .fei suo zhi ye .fei suo wen ye .yu ci er gao zhi yi wang guo ye .gua fen ye .bi wu cong er ting zhi .wu cong er xin zhi .ji shi guo wang yi .guo fen yi .er wu jin nian qi shi yi .ba shi yi .dan qiu qi yi liang nian nei .yang ren bu lai .qiang dao bu qi .wo yi kuai huo guo liao yi shi yi .ruo bu de yi .ze ge san tou liang sheng zhi tu di feng shen he jing .yi huan wo ji ge ya men .mai san ji bai wan zhi ren min zuo pu wei nu .yi shu wo yi tiao lao ming .you he bu ke .you he nan ban .wu hu .jin zhi suo wei lao hou .lao chen .lao jiang .lao li zhe .qi xiu shen qi jia zhi guo ping tian xia zhi shou duan .jie ju yu shi yi .xi feng yi ye cui ren lao .diao jin zhu yan bai jin tou .shi zou wu chang dang yi sheng .xie cui ming fu yi zhu shou .jie hu tong zai .yi ci wei guo .shi an de bu lao qie si .qie wu kong qi wei ji sui er shang ye .ren gong yue .zao cheng jin ri zhi lao da zhong guo zhe .ze zhong guo lao xiu zhi yuan ye ye .zhi chu jiang lai zhi shao nian zhong guo zhe .ze zhong guo shao nian zhi ze ren ye .bi lao xiu zhe he zu dao .bi yu ci shi jie zuo bie zhi ri bu yuan yi .er wo shao nian nai xin lai er yu shi jie wei yuan .ru jiu wu zhe ran .bi ming ri jiang qian ju ta fang .er wo jin ri shi ru ci shi chu .jiang qian ju zhe .bu ai hu qi chuang long .bu jie zhi qi ting wu .su ren heng qing .yi he zu guai .ruo wo shao nian zhe .qian cheng hao hao .hou gu mang mang .zhong guo er wei niu wei ma wei nu wei li .ze peng luan bian chui zhi can ku .wei wo shao nian dang zhi .zhong guo ru cheng ba yu nei .zhu meng di qiu .ze zhi hui gu pan zhi zun rong .wei wo shao nian xiang zhi .yu bi qi xi yan yan yu gui wei lin zhe he yu yan .bi er mo ran zhi zhi .you ke yan ye .wo er mo ran zhi zhi .bu ke yan ye .shi ju guo zhi shao nian er guo wei shao nian ye .ze wu zhong guo wei wei lai zhi guo .qi jin bu wei ke liang ye .shi ju guo zhi shao nian er yi wei lao da ye .ze wu zhong guo wei guo qu zhi guo .qi si wang ke qiao zu er dai ye .gu jin ri zhi ze ren .bu zai ta ren .er quan zai wo shao nian .shao nian zhi ze guo zhi .shao nian fu ze guo fu .shao nian qiang ze guo qiang .shao nian du li ze guo du li .shao nian zi you ze guo zi you .shao nian jin bu ze guo jin bu .shao nian sheng yu ou zhou .ze guo sheng yu ou zhou .shao nian xiong yu di qiu .ze guo xiong yu di qiu .hong ri chu sheng .qi dao da guang .he chu fu liu .yi xie wang yang .qian long teng yuan .lin zhua fei yang .ru hu xiao gu .bai shou zhen huang .ying sun shi yi .feng chen xi zhang .qi hua chu tai .yu yu huang huang .gan jiang fa xing .you zuo qi mang .tian dai qi cang .di lv qi huang .zong you qian gu .heng you ba huang .qian tu si hai .lai ri fang chang .mei zai wo shao nian zhong guo .yu tian bu lao .zhuang zai wo zhong guo shao nian .yu guo wu jiang ..san shi gong ming chen yu tu .ba qian li lu yun he yue .mo deng xian .bai liao shao nian tou .kong bei qie ..ci yue wu mu .man jiang hong .ci ju ye .zuo zhe zi liu sui shi ji kou shou ji yi .zhi jin xi song zhi bu shuai .zi jin yi wang .qi .ai shi ke .zhi ming .geng zi ming yue .shao nian zhong guo zhi shao nian ..shao nian bu shi chou zi wei .ai shang ceng lou .ai shang ceng lou .wei fu xin ci qiang shuo chou . er jin shi jin chou zi wei .yu shuo huan xiu .yu shuo huan xiu .que dao tian liang hao ge qiu .bei gui zhi feng xiang .mo zhi fang wang fu zhou zuo .an fu zai feng xiang dong bei .gu yue bei zheng .huang di er zai qiu .run ba yue chu ji .du zi jiang bei zheng .cang mang wen jia shi .wei shi zao jian yu .chao ye wu xia ri .gu can en si bei .zhao xu gui peng bi .bai ci yi que xia .chu ti jiu wei chu .sui fa jian zheng zi .kong jun you yi shi .jun cheng zhong xing zhu .jing wei gu mi wu .dong hu fan wei yi .chen fu fen suo qie .hui ti lian xing zai .dao tu you huang hu .gan kun han chuang yi .you yu he shi bi .mi mi yu qian mo .ren yan miao xiao se .suo yu duo bei shang .shen yin geng liu xue .hui shou feng xiang xian .jing qi wan ming mie .qian deng han shan zhong .lv de yin ma ku .bin jiao ru di di .jing shui zhong dang jue .meng hu li wo qian .cang ya hou shi lie .ju chui jin qiu hua .shi dai gu che zhe .qing yun dong gao xing .you shi yi ke yue .shan guo duo suo xi .luo sheng za xiang li .huo hong ru dan sha .huo hei ru dian qi .yu lu zhi suo ru .gan ku qi jie shi .mian si tao yuan nei .yi tan shen shi zhuo .po tuo wang fu zhi .yan gu hu chu mei .wo xing yi shui bin .wo pu you mu mo .chi niao ming huang sang .ye shu gong luan xue .ye shen jing zhan chang .han yue zhao bai gu .tong guan bai wan shi .wang zhe san he zu .sui ling ban qin min .can hai wei yi wu .kuang wo duo hu chen .ji gui jin hua fa .jing nian zhi mao wu .qi zi yi bai jie .tong ku song sheng hui .bei quan gong you yan .ping sheng suo jiao er .yan se bai sheng xue .jian ye bei mian ti .gou ni jiao bu wa .chuang qian liang xiao nv .bu zhui cai guo xi .hai tu che bo tao .jiu xiu yi qu zhe .tian wu ji zi feng .dian dao zai shu he .lao fu qing huai e .ou xie wo shu ri .na wu nang zhong bo .jiu ru han lin li .fen dai yi jie bao .qin chou shao luo lie .shou qi mian fu guang .chi nv tou zi zhi .xue mu wu bu wei .xiao zhuang sui shou mo .yi shi shi zhu qian .lang jie hua mei kuo .sheng huan dui tong zhi .si yu wang ji ke .wen shi jing wan xu .shui neng ji chen he .fan si zai zei chou .gan shou za luan guo .xin gui qie wei yi .sheng li yan de shuo .zhi zun shang meng chen .ji ri xiu lian zu .yang guan tian se gai .zuo jue yao fen huo .yin feng xi bei lai .can dan sui hui ge .qi wang yuan zhu shun .qi su shan chi tu .song bing wu qian ren .qu ma yi wan pi .ci bei shao wei gui .si fang fu yong jue .suo yong jie ying teng .po di guo jian ji .sheng xin po xu zhu .shi yi qi yu duo .yi luo zhi zhang shou .xi jing bu zu ba .guan jun qing shen ru .xu rui ke ju fa .ci ju kai qing xu .xuan zhan lue heng jie .hao tian ji shuang lu .zheng qi you su sha .huo zhuan wang hu sui .shi cheng qin hu yue .hu ming qi neng jiu .huang gang wei yi jue .yi zuo lang bei chu .shi yu gu xian bie .jian chen jing zu hai .tong e sui dang xi .bu wen xia yin shuai .zhong zi zhu bao da .zhou han huo zai xing .xuan guang guo ming zhe .huan huan chen jiang jun .zhang yue fen zhong lie .wei er ren jin fei .yu jin guo you huo .qi liang da tong dian .ji mo bai shou ta .du ren wang cui hua .jia qi xiang jin que .yuan ling gu you shen .sa sao shu bu que .huang huang tai zong ye .shu li shen hong da .mo zhen xi .zai mei zhou xiang er shan xia .shi chuan li tai bai du shu shan zhong .wei cheng .qi qu .guo xiao xi .feng lao ao fang mo tie chu .wen zhi .yue ..yu zuo zhen ..tai bai gan qi yi .huan zu ye .ao zi yan xing wu .jin xi pang you wu shi yan .yao yao ri xi tui .man man chang lu po .deng lou wei shui si .lin jiang chi lai ke .yu wo bie suo qi .qi zai san wu xi .yuan jing zao ji man .jia ren you wei shi .ji shi yuan kui xie .gan wu fang qi qi .meng xia fei chang ye .hui ming ru sui ge .yao hua wei kan zhe .lan shao yi lv zhai .lu zu mo zeng wen .yun he wei li xi .sao shou fang xing ren .yin ling ji liang di .gu he gui fei .zai guo liao tian .huan jin jiu ren .nian lei lei ku zhong .mang mang meng jing .wang hou lou yi .bi jing cheng chen .zai jiu yuan lin .xun hua xiang mo .dang ri he zeng qing fu chun .liu nian gai .tan wei yao dai sheng .dian bin shuang xin .jiao qin ling luo ru yun .you qi liao ru jin yu ci shen .xing yan ming shen jian .cha gan fan ruan .fei wei wo lao .geng you ren pin .duo jin wei ji .xiao can zhuang zhi .duan ting hu zhong xian cai chun .wu he hen .you yu weng gong zui .xi you wei lin .bu feng sheng shu bu chong han .zhong zi cheng cong yong fa nan .zui yan ruo wei pao qu de .yu ke wu ling .hu bei xian zhi zai yan .gu cheng ye shui .qiao mu can tian .yu yu er san you .ri dang zhou qi jian .bao he hua er yin .yi xiang you xian .bu lei ren jing .qiu shui qie he .he ye chu di xun zhang .yin lie zuo qi xia .shang bu jian ri .qing feng xu lai .lv yun zi dong .jian yu shu chu .kui jian you ren hua chuan .yi yi le ye .qie lai wu xing .shu de xiang yang he hua zhong .you ye fan xi hu .guang jing qi jue .gu yi ci ju xie zhi .nao hong yi ge .ji lai shi .chang yu yuan yang wei lv .san shi liu bei ren wei dao .shui pei feng shang wu shu .cui ye chui liang .yu rong xiao jiu .geng sa gu pu yu .yan ran yao dong .leng xiang fei shang shi ju .ri mu .qing gai ting ting .qing ren bu jian .zheng ren ling bo qu .zhi kong wu yi han yi luo .chou ren xi feng nan pu .gao liu chui yin .lao yu chui lang .liu wo hua jian zhu .tian tian duo shao .ji hui sha ji gui lu ..chou ren yi zuo .chou ru .jiu gong su lie .liu dian xiang yi .yong yan pei ming .chang bao wu kui .

我(wo)骑着马独自从西方那远在天边的地(di)方归来，扬起马鞭急切地赶路，好像是和鸟儿在争先一样。九月时节我在交河北岸给你(ni)送别，风雪中题完诗时不觉泪水已经沾满了衣服。
牧：古代称州的长管；伯：长兴致正高怨恨夜短，东方渐白又露晨曦。
③何日：什么时候。是谁家精美的笛子(zi)暗暗地发出悠扬的笛声。随着春风飘扬，传遍洛阳全城。
（20）“如鄙”句：谓好像灵岩山存心鄙视我这样的浅薄的人。面对离(li)酒慷慨高歌挥舞(wu)长剑，耻如一般游子模样满脸离愁。
[59]诚素：真诚的情意。素，同“愫”，情愫。把鸡赶上了树端，这才听到有人在敲柴门。
房太尉：房琯。眼睁睁吹翻(fan)了这家，吹伤了那家，只吹得江水枯竭鹅飞罢！
⑴别业：别墅。晋石崇《思归引序》：“晚节更乐放逸，笃(du)好林薮，遂肥遁于河阳别业。”

　　首句“彩云间”三字，描写白帝城地势之高，为全篇描写下水船走得快这一动态蓄势。“彩云间”的“间”字当作隔断之意，诗人回望云霞之上的白帝城，以前的种种恍如隔世。一说形容白帝城之高，水行船速全在落差。如果不写白帝城之高，则无法体现出长江上下游之间斜度差距之大。白帝城地势高入云霄，于是下面几句中写舟行的迅捷、行期的短暂、耳（猿声）目（万重山）的不暇迎送，才一一有着落。“彩云间”也是写早晨景色，显示出从晦暝转为光明的大好气象，而诗人便在这曙光初灿的时刻，怀着兴奋的心情匆匆告别白帝城。
　　此诗前十句为第一段。开端两句，总述桃李迎春得朝阳而鲜花怒放，争芳吐艳，然而它也只是荣华当年。一年一度春芳桃李，这是自然规律，因而桃李花开是春天的象征，是美好的象征。经过幽闭冬藏的寒日笼照之后，转而接受春日温暖的朝阳抚摸，使大地万物顿感复苏，呈现了活跃的旺盛的生命力，作为万物之灵的人，精神倍增，昂扬奋进，这是物之常理与人之常情。故人们把人生美好时刻称之为青春。可是作者认知不限于此，而更深入探索桃李迎春吐艳，其条件是须春阳细腻的化育，苦心无私地用功，生存发展离不开春日阳光。由此作者更悟出君臣关系的相互依存的道理，预伏后面“功名不早著”之因。日这个描写意象在古诗中曾有象征君王之意。桃李遇春阳而开，贤相逢明君而荣，自然常律与人事常理，有其相似之点，明写桃李，暗喻君臣事理。这可能是用“得日开”的甘苦用心吧!美好意象的描写，深含着美好感情与对美好事物的追求。美虽美；但尤感不足之处，只是荣华当年，因而更值得珍惜。接着作者连用四句诗赞美春光之妙用，“东风动百物，草木尽欲言。枯枝无丑叶，涸水吐清芬。”东风送暖，遍吹大地万物，阳气萌发，万物从蛰伏中苏醒，争现新姿，构成了一个生命律动的美的境界。因而草木尽欲显露英姿，冬日的枯枝丑叶败落净尽。“无丑叶”的对应之意是“竟美叶”。已经乾涸的水泉，也喷吐着清香的水柱。这四句从开端的桃李花开一点，铺叙春回大地的全景。桃李艳美又衬托东风不停地化育万物，草木换新颜，涸泉复吐清芬，尽现出春之美，写出春之境界。总上六句诗正是诗人触景所生之美感，又以平淡自然的文字与诗句，绘成春光美的形象与意境，诗人入于境中，而又出于境外，妙笔生花，与境冥合。于平淡的描写中凝聚着深蕴美与哲理性认知，然而它绝不同于自然教科书的说理。这一段后四句则由上面春光境界的描写而转入讨论，发抒感慨，寻求造成这一美景的力量来源。“大力运天地，羲和无停鞭。功名不早著，竹帛将何宣。”作者依据中国古代哲学家见解，也认为这是自然界的神力，运转天地，故而有春、夏、秋、冬四季，因而也就生成了宇宙中万物的自然生存、发展、死亡的各自规律，形成了不同季节的不同景象。不过人们总是偏爱春日，而厌恶冬日，不过这是当时人们无法改变这一阴阳变化的规律。当然他们也从天地运行不止，时光流速，永无停止中，观察万物的生衰，包括人的生老病死，悟出了一个人生道理，人亦应如春日桃李花一样，要在青春的美好时刻，展示怀抱，建立丰功伟业。生时为人们仰慕赞美，死后美名留青史，千古流芳。可是在现实中的李白，虽有美好的理想和作人的价值观，以及奋进不止的精神，但由于得不到“日”（皇帝）的温暖抚育，年华老大，驾着六龙的日神车，驭手羲和又催赶不停，如不能在青春时早立功名，就更不能留名于竹帛的史书之中。默默无闻地离开人世，故深为痛恨。外在的无形压力与内在愤激之情的积郁，终于迸发出忧患不平的心声。从过去的借鉴，目前的现状，到未来的预测，拓展时空，言浅而意深，雅正而浑厚，发展了五言古诗的传统特点。诗写到这里诗情与意旨都该停顿，但留给人们的是为何功名不早立，结局又是如何的悬念。
　　郑文宝的《《柳枝词》郑文宝 古诗》是写离恨，用了反衬手法，“画舸”“春潭”等美景寄寓离别时的不舍。同时，诗人还描绘了一个生活画面：“酒半酣”酒只半酣，船却起锚，多么的不舍和无奈啊！三四句，字面上是说行人“不管烟波与风雨”，依然远去，实际上是借对友人的毫无道理的埋怨进一步抒发自己依依不舍的真挚情谊。
　　第二首诗写吴越女子天真活泼的姿态及调皮卖俏的开放型性格。大意是说，吴地的女子皮肤白嫩，她们都爱好做荡舟这种游乐。荡舟之时，她们还不时地朝水面上往来船只中的客人眉目传情暗送秋波，或者拿着折来的花枝向对方调侃戏谑。四句小诗把吴地女郎姣好的容貌和活泼开朗的性格描绘得栩栩如生。“卖眼”就是递眼神，俗语谓之飞眼，是年青女子向人传达情意的一种表示，这里用来表现吴地女子活泼泼辣的性格，很生动传神。
　　十五从军征，八十始得归。　　道逢乡裏人,家中有阿谁?　　遥望是君家,松柏冢累累。　　兔从狗窦入,雉从梁上飞……
　　第二段，从“父母养我时”到“形势反苍黄”。新娘子把话题由自身进一步落到丈夫身上了。她关心丈夫的死活，并且表示了对丈夫的忠贞，要和他一同去作战。“父母养我时，日夜令我藏”，当年父母对她非常疼爱，把她当作宝贝似的。然而女大当嫁，父母也不能藏她一辈子，还是不能不把她嫁人，而且嫁谁就得跟谁。“鸡狗亦得将”，“将”字当“跟随”讲，就是俗话说的“嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗”。可是新婚之时，“君今往死地，沉痛迫中肠。”丈夫要到那九死一生的战场去，万一有个三长两短，她就不能再依靠谁了。想到这些，这让她沉痛得柔肠寸断。紧接着，新娘子表示：“我本来决心要随你前去，死也死在一起，省得牵肠挂肚。但又怕这样一来，不但没有好处，反而要把事情弄得糟糕，更复杂。军队里是不允许有年轻妇女的，你带着妻子去从军，也有许多不方便，我又是一个刚出门的闺女，没见过世面，更不用说是打仗了。真是叫人左右为难。”这段话，刻画了新娘子那种心痛如割、心乱如麻的矛盾心理，非常曲折、深刻。
　　诗开头“《条山苍》韩愈 古诗”三个字。写出了中条山的苍翠之色，而仅以一个“苍”加以概括，也足见山势之大，浑然一色。同时，诗人写山，以河为比照和衬托，黄河流经中条山下，滔滔漭漭，浊浪排空，一片混黄之色，与苍翠之山色形成鲜明对比。诗写景状物，寄意深远。高山、大河为眼前实景，“苍”与“黄”，以强烈的颜色对比，强调视觉的差异，达到山水分明的艺术效果。
　　接着作者仍然抓住秋声的主题，通过无情的草木与万物中最有感情，最有灵性的人的对比，抒发议论。作者认为，百般的忧虑和万事的操劳必然损伤着人的身心，内心受到刺激和痛苦，必然损耗精力，更何况是“思其力之所不及，忧其智之所不能”呢！这样就容易朱颜易老，乌发变白，“奈何以非金石之质，欲与草木而争荣？”这是你自己无穷无尽的忧劳伤害了自己，又何必去怨恨秋声的悲凉呢？这就说明了作者之所以感到秋声之悲凉，其根源不在秋声，主要是当时作者面对国家和自己的处境而产生的忧思所致。当时作者被朝廷重用，但想起曾经在政治上屡不得志，怀才不遇，报国无门，心情郁闷。这样的情绪和秋季气息正相统一，触物伤情，有感而发。
　　杜甫一生颠沛流离，漂泊不定，经常远离故乡远离亲人。对于自己的家乡、亲人，他是思念情切，刻骨铭心。全诗以明月兴思情，同一轮明月寄寓着两地彼此的思念，思情的悠远绵长与月夜的孤独寂寞，相织相融，形成一种清丽深婉、寂寥苦思的凄清氛围，使读者不觉之间与之同悲共泣。一生颠沛流离，漂泊不定，经常远离故乡远离亲人。对于自己的家乡、亲人，他是思念情切，刻骨铭心。全诗以明月兴思情，同一轮明月寄寓着两地彼此的思念，思情的悠远绵长与月夜的孤独寂寞，相织相融，形成一种清丽深婉、寂寥苦思的凄清氛围，使读者不觉之间与之同悲共泣。