月日，居易白。微之足下：自足下谪江陵至于今，凡枉赠答诗仅百篇。每诗来，或辱序，或辱书，冠于卷首，皆所以陈古今歌诗之义，且自叙为文因缘，与年月之远近也。仆既受足下诗，又谕足下此意，常欲承答来旨，粗论歌诗大端，并自述为文之意，总为一书，致足下前。累岁已来，牵故少暇，间有容隙，或欲为之；又自思所陈，亦无出足下之见；临纸复罢者数四，卒不能成就其志，以至于今。今俟罪浔阳，除盥栉食寝外无余事，因览足下去通州日所留新旧文二十六轴，开卷得意，忽如会面，心所畜者，便欲快言，往往自疑，不知相去万里也。既而愤悱之气，思有所浊，遂追就前志，勉为此书，足下幸试为仆留意一省。夫文，尚矣，三才各有文。天之文三光首之；地之文五材首之；人之文《六经》首之。就《六经》言，《诗》又首之。何者？圣人感人心而天下和平。感人心者，莫先乎情，莫始乎言，莫切乎声，莫深乎义。诗者，根情，苗言，华声，实义。上自圣贤，下至愚騃，微及豚鱼，幽及鬼神。群分而气同，形异而情一。未有声入而不应、情交而不感者。圣人知其然，因其言，经之以六义；缘其声，纬之以五音。音有韵，义有类。韵协则言顺，言顺则声易入；类举则情见，情见则感易交。于是乎孕大含深，贯微洞密，上下通而一气泰，忧乐合而百志熙。五帝三皇所以直道而行、垂拱而理者，揭此以为大柄，决此以为大窦也。故闻“元首明，股肱良”之歌，则知虞道昌矣。闻五子洛汭之歌，则知夏政荒矣。言者无罪，闻者足诫，言者闻者莫不两尽其心焉。洎周衰秦兴，采诗官废，上不以诗补察时政，下不以歌泄导人情。用至于谄成之风动，救失之道缺。于时六义始剚矣。《国风》变为《骚辞》，五言始于苏、李。《诗》、《骚》皆不遇者，各系其志，发而为文。故河梁之句，止于伤别；泽畔之吟，归于怨思。彷徨抑郁，不暇及他耳。然去《诗》未远，梗概尚存。故兴离别则引双凫一雁为喻，讽君子小人则引香草恶鸟为比。虽义类不具，犹得风人之什二三焉。于时六义始缺矣。晋、宋已还，得者盖寡。以康乐之奥博，多溺于山水；以渊明之高古，偏放于田园。江、鲍之流，又狭于此。如梁鸿《五噫》之例者，百无一二。于时六义浸微矣！陵夷至于梁、陈间，率不过嘲风雪、弄花草而已。噫！风雪花草之物，三百篇中岂舍之乎？顾所用何如耳。设如“北风其凉”，假风以刺威虐；“雨雪霏霏”，因雪以愍征役；“棠棣之华”，感华以讽兄弟；“采采芣苡”，美草以乐有子也。皆兴发于此而义归于彼。反是者，可乎哉！然则“余霞散成绮，澄江净如练”，“归花先委露，别叶乍辞风”之什，丽则丽矣，吾不知其所讽焉。故仆所谓嘲风雪、弄花草而已。于时六义尽去矣。唐兴二百年，其间诗人不可胜数。所可举者，陈子昂有《感遇诗》二十首，鲍防《感兴诗》十五篇。又诗之豪者，世称李、杜。李之作，才矣！奇矣！人不迨矣！索其风雅比兴，十无一焉。杜诗最多，可传者千余首。至于贯穿古今，覙缕格律，尽工尽善，又过于李焉。然撮其《新安》、《石壕》、《潼关吏》、《芦子关》、《花门》之章，“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”之句，亦不过十三四。杜尚如此，况不迨杜者乎？仆常痛诗道崩坏，忽忽愤发，或废食辍寝，不量才力，欲扶起之。嗟乎！事有大谬者，又不可一二而言，然亦不能不粗陈于左右。仆始生六七月时，乳母抱弄于书屏下，有指“之”字、“无”字示仆者，仆口未能言，心已默识。后有问此二字者，虽百十其试，而指之不差。则知仆宿习之缘，已在文字中矣。及五六岁，便学为诗。九岁谙识声韵。十五六，始知有进士，苦节读书。二十已来，昼课赋，夜课书，间又课诗，不遑寝息矣。以至于口舌成疮，手肘成胝。既壮而肤革不丰盈，未老而齿发早衰白；瞀瞀然如飞蝇垂珠在眸子中者，动以万数，盖以苦学力文之所致，又自悲。家贫多故，二十七方从乡赋。既第之后，虽专于科试，亦不废诗。及授校书郎时，已盈三四百首。或出示交友如足下辈，见皆谓之工，其实未窥作者之域耳。自登朝来，年齿渐长，阅事渐多。每与人言，多询时务；每读书史，多求理道。始知文章合为时而着，歌诗合为事而作。是时皇帝初即位，宰府有正人，屡降玺书，访人急病。仆当此日，擢在翰林，身是谏官，月请谏纸。启奏之间，有可以救济人病，裨补时阙，而难于指言者，辄咏歌之，欲稍稍进闻于上。上以广宸听，副忧勤；次以酬恩奖，塞言责；下以复吾平生之志。岂图志未就而悔已生，言未闻而谤已成矣！又请为左右终言之。凡闻仆《贺雨诗》，众口籍籍，以为非宜矣；闻仆《哭孔戡诗》，众面脉脉，尽不悦矣；闻《秦中吟》，则权豪贵近者，相目而变色矣；闻《登乐游园》寄足下诗，则执政柄者扼腕矣；闻《宿紫阁村》诗，则握军要者切齿矣！大率如此，不可遍举。不相与者，号为沽誉，号为诋讦，号为讪谤。苟相与者，则如牛僧孺之诫焉。乃至骨肉妻孥，皆以我为非也。其不我非者，举世不过三两人。有邓鲂者，见仆诗而喜，无何鲂死。有唐衢者，见仆诗而泣，未几而衢死。其余即足下。足下又十年来困踬若此。呜唿！岂六义四始之风，天将破坏，不可支持耶？抑又不知天意不欲使下人病苦闻于上耶？不然，何有志于诗者，不利若此之甚也！然仆又自思关东一男子耳，除读书属文外，其他懵然无知，乃至书画棋博，可以接群居之欢者，一无通晓，即其愚拙可知矣！初应进士时，中朝无缌麻之亲，达官无半面之旧；策蹇步于利足之途，张空拳于战文之场。十年之间，三登科第，名落众耳，迹升清贯，出交贤俊，入侍冕旒。始得名于文章，终得罪于文章，亦其宜也。日者闻亲友间说，礼、吏部举选人，多以仆私试赋判为准的。其余诗句，亦往往在人口中。仆恧然自愧，不之信也。及再来长安，又闻有军使高霞寓者，欲聘倡妓，妓大夸曰：“我诵得白学士《长恨歌》，岂同他哉？”由是增价。又足下书云：到通州日，见江馆柱间有题仆诗者。何人哉？又昨过汉南日，适遇主人集众娱乐，他宾诸妓见仆来，指而相顾曰：此是《秦中吟》、《长恨歌》主耳。自长安抵江西三四千里，凡乡校、佛寺、逆旅、行舟之中，往往有题仆诗者；士庶、僧徒、孀妇、处女之口，每有咏仆诗者。此诚雕篆之戏，不足为多，然今时俗所重，正在此耳。虽前贤如渊、云者，前辈如李、杜者，亦未能忘情于其间。古人云：“名者公器，不可多取。”仆是何者，窃时之名已多。既窃时名，又欲窃时之富贵，使己为造物者，肯兼与之乎？今之屯穷，理固然也。况诗人多蹇，如陈子昂、杜甫，各授一拾遗，而屯剥至死。孟浩然辈不及一命，穷悴终身。近日孟郊六十，终试协律；张籍五十，未离一太祝。彼何人哉！况仆之才又不迨彼。今虽谪佐远郡，而官品至第五，月俸四五万，寒有衣，饥有食，给身之外，施及家人。亦可谓不负白氏子矣。微之，微之！勿念我哉！仆数月来，检讨囊帙中，得新旧诗，各以类分，分为卷目。自拾遗来，凡所遇所感，关于美刺兴比者；又自武德至元和，因事立题，题为“新乐府”者，共一百五十首，谓之讽谕诗。又或退公独处，或移动病闲居，知足保和，吟玩性情者一百首，谓之”闲适诗“。又有事物牵于外，情理动于内，随感遇而形于叹咏者一百首，谓之”感伤诗“。又有五言、七言、长句、绝句，自一百韵至两百韵者四百余首，谓之”杂律诗“。凡为十五卷，约八百首。异时相见，当尽致于执事。微之，古人云：“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。”仆虽不肖，常师此语。大丈夫所守者道，所待者时。时之来也，为云龙，为风鹏，勃然突然，陈力以出；时之不来也，为雾豹，为冥鸿，寂兮寥兮，奉身而退。进退出处，何往而不自得哉！故仆志在兼济，行在独善，奉而始终之则为道，言而发明之则为诗。谓之讽谕诗，兼济之志也；谓之闲适诗，独善之义也。故览仆诗者，知仆之道焉。其余杂律诗，或诱于一时一物，发于一笑一吟，率然成章，非平生所尚者，但以亲朋合散之际，取其释恨佐欢，今铨次之间，未能删去。他时有为我编集斯文者，略之可也。微之，夫贵耳贱目，荣古陋今，人之大情也。仆不能远征古旧，如近岁韦苏州歌行，才丽之外，颇近兴讽；其五言诗，又高雅闲淡，自成一家之体，今之秉笔者谁能及之？然当苏州在时，人亦未甚爱重，必待身后，人始贵之。今仆之诗，人所爱者，悉不过杂律诗与《长恨歌》已下耳。时之所重，仆之所轻。至于讽谕者，意激而言质；闲适者，思澹而辞迂。以质合迂，宜人之不爱也。今所爱者，并世而生，独足下耳。然百千年后，安知复无如足下者出，而知爱我诗哉？故自八九年来，与足下小通则以诗相戒，小穷则以诗相勉，索居则以诗相慰，同处则以诗相娱。知吾罪吾，率以诗也。如今年春游城南时，与足下马上相戏，因各诵新艳小律，不杂他篇，自皇子陂归昭国里，迭吟递唱，不绝声者二十里余。攀、李在傍，无所措口。知我者以为诗仙，不知我者以为诗魔。何则？劳心灵，役声气，连朝接夕，不自知其苦，非魔而何？偶同人当美景，或花时宴罢，或月夜酒酣，一咏一吟，不觉老之将至。虽骖鸾鹤、游蓬瀛者之适，无以加于此焉，又非仙而何？微之，微之！此吾所以与足下外形骸、脱踪迹、傲轩鼎、轻人寰者，又以此也。当此之时，足下兴有余力，且欲与仆悉索还往中诗，取其尤长者，如张十八古乐府，李二十新歌行，卢、杨二秘书律诗，窦七、元八绝句，博搜精掇，编而次之，号为《元白往还集》。众君子得拟议于此者，莫不踊跃欣喜，以为盛事。嗟乎！言未终而足下左转，不数月而仆又继行，心期索然，何日成就？又可为之太息矣！仆常语足下，凡人为文，私于自是，不忍于割截，或失于繁多。其间妍媸，益又自惑。必待交友有公鉴无姑息者，讨论而削夺之，然后繁简当否，得其中矣。况仆与足下，为文尤患其多。己尚病，况他人乎？今且各纂诗笔，粗为卷第，待与足下相见日，各出所有，终前志焉。又不知相遇是何年，相见是何地，溘然而至，则如之何？微之知我心哉！浔阳腊月，江风苦寒，岁暮鲜欢，夜长少睡。引笔铺纸，悄然灯前，有念则书，言无铨次。勿以繁杂为倦，且以代一夕之话言也。居易自叙如此，文士以为信然。五龙雷电绕霜都。惟教鹤探丹丘信，不使人窥太乙炉。卧云逋客竟悠哉。能诗岂是经时策，爱酒原非命世才。画眉懒。微醒带困，离情中酒相半。裙腰粉瘦，怕按六么歌板。帘卷层楼探旧燕。肠断。花枝和闷重捻。却将憔悴入都门，自喜青霄足故人。万里有家留百越，休要寻文披大洞。丹鼎屯蒙，养取元珠动。意马此时何用鞚。长生自与天齐共。窗外芭樵战秋雨，又添上新愁几许。珊枕剩绣衾余，落雁沉鱼，眼底知何处。酒醒后细踌蹰，一寸柔肠千万缕。【喜迁莺】把离人愁助，闹西风翠竹苍梧。萧疏，粉墙外霜砧辘轳。一片秋声厮断续，不知人心上苦。捱不过追魂铁马，更和那索命铜壶。【出队子】记柳边朱户，乍相逢春正初。看一帘花雾暗香浮，爱满地凉蟾素练铺，听四座笙歌红袖舞。【幺】想多情丰度，论褒弹事事无。他有那西施妖艳不倾吴，小小风流不姓苏，巫女精神未遇楚。【刮地风】看了他闭月羞花天付与，又何须傅粉涂朱。整罗衫款把寒温叙，礼法谁如？甫能够一番遭遇，便拼下百年欢聚。死生情山海誓永无忧虑，似鸾凤紧趁逐。毕罢了寄简传书，等闲间长就连理树，这言辞岂是虚。【西门子】自别来几见垂杨绿，悄然的音信疏。瘦影儿单，好梦儿孤，忆分携恁时风景殊。树影儿沉，日色儿哺，摆列下凄凉队伍。【古水仙子】我、我、我，自叹吁，罢、罢、罢，姻缘簿仍将姓字书。是、是、是，断云将楚岫遮拦，敢、敢、敢，桃花把天台截住，来、来、来，生分开比目鱼，呀、呀、呀，两三朝鬼病揶揄，是、是、是，教吹箫月明无伴侣。他、他、他，把六朝金粉收拾去，单、单、单，留下写恨几行书。【尾声】曾指归期在春暮，却又早霜冷菰蒲，把灯花影儿终夜卜。　赏玩杨柳横塘淡烟锁，娇滴滴芙蕖万朵。微雨过晚凉多。蝉咽庭柯，午梦方惊破。重洗盏泛金波，细细南薰透轻葛。【喜迁莺】少年行乐，好光阴暗里过。量度，想欢会人生几何，六代遗宫草树多。眼见的都证果，江山依旧，人物消磨。【出队子】与知音几个，得清闲非小可。折莫你重ブ列鼎更如何，积玉堆金待怎么，则待把利锁名缰都顿脱。【刮地风】有时节放一个小小的兰舟随处泊，买娉婷二八秦蛾。碧荷筒旋拆倾香糯，痛饮狂歌，直吃的雕盘上彩云零落。罗帕上酒痕湮污，花一攒锦一族仙人满座。小壶天风月窝，不受礼法拘缚。紫檀槽一曲笙歌佐。吹拨喜宫商乐韵和。【四门子】玉山颓纤手双扶过，困腾腾眼待合。将象管来拈，把好句来哦，拈吟髭半将衫袖。撒一会沁，打一会睃，要认得周郎是我。【古水仙子】来、来、来，自忖度，罢、罢、罢，恐青镜流年两鬓皤。将、将、将，愁布袋丢开，把、把、把，闷葫芦摔破，呀、呀、呀，落些儿闲快活。休、休、休，走红尘万丈风波，喜、喜、喜，纵疏狂醉中天地阔。我、我、我，不干求到底无灾祸，他、他、他，进步是非多。【尾声】非是我酒淹花性慵惰，怕的是日月飞梭，一任教不知机世人嫉妒我。　怨恨岁月匆匆易伤感，触目处红愁绿惨。杨柳嫩海棠酣，景物尴<九咸>，离恨何时减。紫燕又呢喃，来往风前如诉俺。【喜迁莺】关河边站，漾离怀野水柔蓝。晴岚，乳峰似玉龛。看一片白云锁翠岩，写不够诗半缄。愁结成晓雾，泪滴就点点春潭。【出队子】则被这薄情啜赚，不明白事怎谙。恹恹的绿云松坠琼簪，瘦怯怯玉体香消褪绿衫，薄设设翠被生寒侵卧毯。【刮地风】不觉的滚滚杨花帘外糁，却又早春老江南。问东君未语心先憾，信断音缄。只见他愿祷经函，鸾镜缺何时闻勘，凤钗折甚日重簪？连理分被刀砍，不由人梦断春酣。恨薄幸陡恁的将名利贪，敢心如痴意似憨。【四门子】约重阳回首无停暂，到如今三月三。偷香的胆谁人更敢，实丕丕已将风月担。据着你动静又恬，才貌又堪，则将那莺花占揽。【古水仙子】他、他、他，红妆事已憨，是、是、是，弃了千金觅笑谈。呀、呀、呀，翠红乡无倒断欢娱，看、看、看，琉璃井有一日坑陷。恁、恁、恁，瘦身躯尽意贪，罢、罢、罢，说来的话儿虚又谗，来、来、来，瞒不过上苍清湛湛。休、休、休，亏心的自有神明鉴，我、我、我，颠不剌情理是难甘。【赛儿令】偏咱，偏咱憔悴症候忒腌，满怀愁端的为谁耽。衔冤去投谢氏，无计去问巫咸。自叹息，自包含。【神仗儿】黑漫漫相思海，忽剌的更氵。翠巍巍离恨天，没揣的又险。最苦是黄昏，月又斜灯儿惨。孤帏里悄悄愁成暗，暗暗不能够歌声啖，只落得枕上泪痕搀。【尾声】才郎直恁忒渔滥，设下誓神灵恁甘，哎，你个再出世的狠王魁怎下的辜负俺。　思忆雪月风花共裁剪，云雨梦香娇玉软。花正发月初圆，雪压风颠。正比人天涯远，欲寄断肠篇。争奈这无边岸相思。好教我难运转。【喜迁莺】指沧溟为砚，管城毫健笔如椽。松烟，将太行山做墨研，把万里青天为锦笺，都做了草圣传。我欲待要书，书不尽心事。一会家诉，诉不尽熬煎。【出队子】记当初相见，见俺那风流的小业冤。两心中便结死生缘，一载间浑如胶漆坚，谁承望半路里翻腾做离恨天。【幺篇】二三朝不见，浑如隔了十数年。无一顿茶饭不萦牵，无一刻光阴不怅念，无一个更儿里将他不梦见。【刮地风】无一个来人行不问遍，害的我有似风颠。相识每见了重还劝，不由人不挂牵。思量的眼前活现，作念的口中粘涎。襟领前、袖口边，泪痕湮遍。想从前语在先，那时节他娇小我当年。论聪明贯世何曾见，他敢真诚处有万千。【四门子】于咱家为他心无倦，气相和情绻恋。俺也曾坐并膝、语并肩，俺也曾芰荷香效他交颈鸳，俺也曾把手儿行，共枕儿眠，哎！天也，是我缘薄分浅。【水仙子】非干是我自专，真觅得鸾胶续断弦。记枕上盟言，念神前心愿，我心坚石也穿，暗暗的祷告青天，若咱家少他前世冤，俏冤家不称今生愿，俺、俺、俺、俺，那世里再团圆。【尾声】嘱付你衷肠莫更变，更相逢不知是动岁经年，则要你身去远莫教心去远。【黄钟】愿成双香共，誓共说，美姻缘永不离别。为功名两字赴长安，阻隔烟水云山万叠。【幺】辜恩一去成抛撇，他无情俺倒心呆。悔当时恨不锁雕鞍，扑倒得人香肌褪雪。【出队了】柔肠千结，算今番愁又别。长吁短叹不宁贴，泪眼愁眉怎打叠，若见他家亲自说。【幺】玉簪折怎得鸾胶接，见无由成间别。你不来人道你心邪，我先死天教我业彻，欲寄平安怎地写？【尾】若把我双郎见时节，向三婆行诉不尽喉舌，则道是思量得小卿成病也。鸳鸯对，鸾凤鸣，恰寻着美满前程。团香惜玉好恩情，忽变做了充饥画饼。【幺】吉丁的分破菱花镜，扑冬的井坠银瓶。指出卖磨爱钱精，送得我离乡背井。【出队子】佳人薄幸，没福消双县令。老娘无赖，放过书生、秀士多魔，遇着柳青。妾守冯魁，似胲下瘿。【幺】到如今地无形影，教奴家愁越增。半江秋影月偏明，满腹愁烦心自哽，一雁哀鸣水云冷。【尾】传示你个双生莫幸，休埋怨这不得已苏卿，先向豫章城下等。如病弱，似醉酣，鬓松髻金簪。锦衣宽褪瘦岩岩，残粉泪香消平减。【幺】恨东君不管人情淡，绽芳丛缬锦争搀。旧游园圃见停骖，思往事离愁越感。【出队子】慵临鸾鉴，瘦容颜影自惨。邻姬问我似痴憨，欲语无言心自惨，似恁熬煎可惯耽。【幺】看时节梦凡里将人赚，闪得奴恨不甘。山盟海誓我心贪，负德辜恩他意敢，悔恨当初我自揽。【尾】留恋你个三婆等时暂，则这几行书和泪封缄，写着道意不过呵肯来看探俺。听春教、燕颦莺诉。朝朝花困风雨。六桥忘却清明后，碧尽柳丝千缕。蜂蝶侣。正闲觅闲花，闲草闲歌舞。最怜西子。尚薄薄云情，盈盈波泪，点点旧眉妩。

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yi .yan zhe wu zui .wen zhe zu jie .yan zhe wen zhe mo bu liang jin qi xin yan .ji zhou shuai qin xing .cai shi guan fei .shang bu yi shi bu cha shi zheng .xia bu yi ge xie dao ren qing .yong zhi yu chan cheng zhi feng dong .jiu shi zhi dao que .yu shi liu yi shi zi yi ..guo feng .bian wei .sao ci ..wu yan shi yu su .li ..shi ...sao .jie bu yu zhe .ge xi qi zhi .fa er wei wen .gu he liang zhi ju .zhi yu shang bie .ze pan zhi yin .gui yu yuan si .fang huang yi yu .bu xia ji ta er .ran qu .shi .wei yuan .geng gai shang cun .gu xing li bie ze yin shuang fu yi yan wei yu .feng jun zi xiao ren ze yin xiang cao e niao wei bi .sui yi lei bu ju .you de feng ren zhi shi er san yan .yu shi liu yi shi que yi .jin .song yi huan .de zhe gai gua .yi kang le zhi ao bo .duo ni yu shan shui .yi yuan ming zhi gao gu .pian fang yu tian yuan .jiang .bao zhi liu .you xia yu ci .ru liang hong .wu yi .zhi li zhe .bai wu yi er .yu shi liu yi jin wei yi .ling yi zhi yu liang .chen jian .lv bu guo chao feng xue 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zhi .you zi bei .jia pin duo gu .er shi qi fang cong xiang fu .ji di zhi hou .sui zhuan yu ke shi .yi bu fei shi .ji shou xiao shu lang shi .yi ying san si bai shou .huo chu shi jiao you ru zu xia bei .jian jie wei zhi gong .qi shi wei kui zuo zhe zhi yu er .zi deng chao lai .nian chi jian chang .yue shi jian duo .mei yu ren yan .duo xun shi wu .mei du shu shi .duo qiu li dao .shi zhi wen zhang he wei shi er zhuo .ge shi he wei shi er zuo .shi shi huang di chu ji wei .zai fu you zheng ren .lv jiang xi shu .fang ren ji bing .pu dang ci ri .zhuo zai han lin .shen shi jian guan .yue qing jian zhi .qi zou zhi jian .you ke yi jiu ji ren bing .bi bu shi que .er nan yu zhi yan zhe .zhe yong ge zhi .yu shao shao jin wen yu shang .shang yi guang chen ting .fu you qin .ci yi chou en jiang .sai yan ze .xia yi fu wu ping sheng zhi zhi .qi tu zhi wei jiu er hui yi sheng .yan wei wen er bang yi cheng yi .you qing wei zuo you zhong yan zhi .fan wen pu .he yu shi ..zhong kou ji ji .yi wei fei yi yi .wen pu .ku kong kan shi ..zhong mian mai mai .jin bu yue yi .wen .qin zhong yin ..ze quan hao gui jin zhe .xiang mu er bian se yi .wen .deng le you yuan .ji zu xia shi .ze zhi zheng bing zhe e wan yi .wen .su zi ge cun .shi .ze wo jun yao zhe qie chi yi .da lv ru ci .bu ke bian ju .bu xiang yu zhe .hao wei gu yu .hao wei di jie .hao wei shan bang .gou xiang yu zhe .ze ru niu seng ru zhi jie yan .nai zhi gu rou qi nu .jie yi wo wei fei ye .qi bu wo fei zhe .ju shi bu guo san liang ren .you deng fang zhe .jian pu shi er xi .wu he fang si .you tang qu zhe .jian pu shi er qi .wei ji er qu si .qi yu ji zu xia .zu xia you shi nian lai kun zhi ruo ci .wu hu .qi liu yi si shi zhi feng .tian jiang po huai .bu ke zhi chi ye .yi you bu zhi tian yi bu yu shi xia ren bing ku wen yu shang ye .bu ran .he you zhi yu shi zhe .bu li ruo ci zhi shen ye .ran pu you zi si guan dong yi nan zi er .chu du shu shu wen wai .qi ta meng ran wu zhi .nai zhi shu hua qi bo .ke yi jie qun ju zhi huan zhe .yi wu tong xiao .ji qi yu zhuo ke zhi yi .chu ying jin shi shi .zhong chao wu si ma zhi qin .da guan wu ban mian zhi jiu .ce jian bu yu li zu zhi tu .zhang kong quan yu zhan wen zhi chang .shi nian zhi jian .san deng ke di .ming luo zhong er .ji sheng qing guan .chu jiao xian jun .ru shi mian liu .shi de ming yu wen zhang .zhong de zui yu wen zhang .yi qi yi ye .ri zhe wen qin you jian shuo .li .li bu ju xuan ren .duo yi pu si shi fu pan wei zhun de .qi yu shi ju .yi wang wang zai ren kou zhong .pu nv ran zi kui .bu zhi xin ye .ji zai lai chang an .you wen you jun shi gao xia yu zhe .yu pin chang ji .ji da kua yue ..wo song de bai xue shi .chang hen ge ..qi tong ta zai ..you shi zeng jia .you zu xia shu yun .dao tong zhou ri .jian jiang guan zhu jian you ti pu shi zhe .he ren zai .you zuo guo han nan ri .shi yu zhu ren ji zhong yu le .ta bin zhu ji jian pu lai .zhi er xiang gu yue .ci shi .qin zhong yin ...chang hen ge .zhu er .zi chang an di jiang xi san si qian li .fan xiang xiao .fo si .ni lv .xing zhou zhi zhong .wang wang you ti pu shi zhe .shi shu .seng tu .shuang fu .chu nv zhi kou .mei you yong pu shi zhe .ci cheng diao zhuan zhi xi .bu zu wei duo .ran jin shi su suo zhong .zheng zai ci er .sui qian xian ru yuan .yun zhe .qian bei ru li .du zhe .yi wei neng wang qing yu qi jian .gu ren yun ..ming zhe gong qi .bu ke duo qu ..pu shi he zhe .qie shi zhi ming yi duo .ji qie shi ming .you yu qie shi zhi fu gui .shi ji wei zao wu zhe .ken jian yu zhi hu .jin zhi tun qiong .li gu ran ye .kuang shi ren duo jian .ru chen zi ang .du fu .ge shou yi shi yi .er tun bao zhi si .meng hao ran bei bu ji yi ming .qiong cui zhong shen .jin ri meng jiao liu shi .zhong shi xie lv .zhang ji wu shi .wei li yi tai zhu .bi he ren zai .kuang pu zhi cai you bu dai bi .jin sui zhe zuo yuan jun .er guan pin zhi di wu .yue feng si wu wan .han you yi .ji you shi .gei shen zhi wai .shi ji jia ren .yi ke wei bu fu bai shi zi yi .wei zhi .wei zhi .wu nian wo zai .pu shu yue lai .jian tao nang zhi zhong .de xin jiu shi .ge yi lei fen .fen wei juan mu .zi shi yi lai .fan suo yu suo gan .guan yu mei ci xing bi zhe .you zi wu de zhi yuan he .yin shi li ti .ti wei .xin le fu .zhe .gong yi bai wu shi shou .wei zhi feng yu shi .you huo tui gong du chu .huo yi dong bing xian ju .zhi zu bao he .yin wan xing qing zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .xian shi shi ..you you shi wu qian yu wai .qing li dong yu nei .sui gan yu er xing yu tan yong zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .gan shang shi ..you you wu yan .qi yan .chang ju .jue ju .zi yi bai yun zhi liang bai yun zhe si bai yu shou .wei zhi .za lv shi ..fan wei shi wu juan .yue ba bai shou .yi shi xiang jian .dang jin zhi yu zhi shi .wei zhi .gu ren yun ..qiong ze du shan qi shen .da ze jian ji tian xia ..pu sui bu xiao .chang shi ci yu .da zhang fu suo shou zhe dao .suo dai zhe shi .shi zhi lai ye .wei yun long .wei feng peng .bo ran tu ran .chen li yi chu .shi zhi bu lai ye .wei wu bao .wei ming hong .ji xi liao xi .feng shen er tui .jin tui chu chu .he wang er bu zi de zai .gu pu zhi zai jian ji .xing zai du shan .feng er shi zhong zhi ze wei dao .yan er fa ming zhi ze wei shi .wei zhi feng yu shi .jian ji zhi zhi ye .wei zhi xian shi shi .du shan zhi yi ye .gu lan pu shi zhe .zhi pu zhi dao yan .qi yu za lv shi .huo you yu yi shi yi wu .fa yu yi xiao yi yin .lv ran cheng zhang .fei ping sheng suo shang zhe .dan yi qin peng he san zhi ji .qu qi shi hen zuo huan .jin quan ci zhi jian .wei neng shan qu .ta shi you wei wo bian ji si wen zhe .lue zhi ke ye .wei zhi .fu gui er jian mu .rong gu lou jin .ren zhi da qing ye .pu bu neng yuan zheng gu jiu .ru jin sui wei su zhou ge xing .cai li zhi wai .po jin xing feng .qi wu yan shi .you gao ya xian dan .zi cheng yi jia zhi ti .jin zhi bing bi zhe shui neng ji zhi .ran dang su zhou zai shi .ren yi wei shen ai zhong .bi dai shen hou .ren shi gui zhi .jin pu zhi shi .ren suo ai zhe .xi bu guo za lv shi yu .chang hen ge .yi xia er .shi zhi suo zhong .pu zhi suo qing .zhi yu feng yu zhe .yi ji er yan zhi .xian shi zhe .si dan er ci you .yi zhi he you .yi ren zhi bu ai ye .jin suo ai zhe .bing shi er sheng .du zu xia er .ran bai qian nian hou .an zhi fu wu ru zu xia zhe chu .er zhi ai wo shi zai .gu zi ba jiu nian lai .yu zu xia xiao tong ze yi shi xiang jie .xiao qiong ze yi shi xiang mian .suo ju ze yi shi xiang wei .tong chu ze yi shi xiang yu .zhi wu zui wu .lv yi shi ye .ru jin nian chun you cheng nan shi .yu zu xia ma shang xiang xi .yin ge song xin yan xiao lv .bu za ta pian .zi huang zi bei gui zhao guo li .die yin di chang .bu jue sheng zhe er shi li yu .pan .li zai bang .wu suo cuo kou .zhi wo zhe yi wei shi xian .bu zhi wo zhe yi wei shi mo .he ze .lao xin ling .yi sheng qi .lian chao jie xi .bu zi zhi qi ku .fei mo er he .ou tong ren dang mei jing .huo hua shi yan ba .huo yue ye jiu han .yi yong yi yin .bu jue lao zhi jiang zhi .sui can luan he .you peng ying zhe zhi shi .wu yi jia yu ci yan .you fei xian er he .wei zhi .wei zhi .ci wu suo yi yu zu xia wai xing hai .tuo zong ji .ao xuan ding .qing ren huan zhe .you yi ci ye .dang ci zhi shi .zu xia xing you yu li .qie yu yu pu xi suo huan wang zhong shi .qu qi you chang zhe .ru zhang shi ba gu le fu .li er shi xin ge xing .lu .yang er mi shu lv shi .dou qi .yuan ba jue ju .bo sou jing duo .bian er ci zhi .hao wei .yuan bai wang huan ji ..zhong jun zi de ni yi yu ci zhe .mo bu yong yue xin xi .yi wei sheng shi .jie hu .yan wei zhong er zu xia zuo zhuan .bu shu yue er pu you ji xing .xin qi suo ran .he ri cheng jiu .you ke wei zhi tai xi yi .pu chang yu zu xia .fan ren wei wen .si yu zi shi .bu ren yu ge jie .huo shi yu fan duo .qi jian yan chi .yi you zi huo .bi dai jiao you you gong jian wu gu xi zhe .tao lun er xiao duo zhi .ran hou fan jian dang fou .de qi zhong yi .kuang pu yu zu xia .wei wen you huan qi duo .ji shang bing .kuang ta ren hu .jin qie ge zuan shi bi .cu wei juan di .dai yu zu xia xiang jian ri .ge chu suo you .zhong qian zhi yan .you bu zhi xiang yu shi he nian .xiang jian shi he di .ke ran er zhi .ze ru zhi he .wei zhi zhi wo xin zai .xun yang la yue .jiang feng ku han .sui mu xian huan .ye chang shao shui .yin bi pu zhi .qiao ran deng qian .you nian ze shu .yan wu quan ci .wu yi fan za wei juan .qie yi dai yi xi zhi hua yan ye .ju yi zi xu ru ci .wen shi yi wei xin ran .wu long lei dian rao shuang du .wei jiao he tan dan qiu xin .bu shi ren kui tai yi lu .wo yun bu ke jing you zai .neng shi qi shi jing shi ce .ai jiu yuan fei ming shi cai .hua mei lan .wei xing dai kun .li qing zhong jiu xiang ban .qun yao fen shou .pa an liu me ge ban .lian juan ceng lou tan jiu yan .chang duan .hua zhi he men zhong nian .que jiang qiao cui ru du men .zi xi qing xiao zu gu ren .wan li you jia liu bai yue .xiu yao xun wen pi da dong .dan ding tun meng .yang qu yuan zhu dong .yi ma ci shi he yong kong .chang sheng zi yu tian qi gong .chuang wai ba qiao zhan qiu yu .you tian shang xin chou ji xu .shan zhen sheng xiu qin yu .luo yan chen yu .yan di zhi he chu .jiu xing hou xi chou chu .yi cun rou chang qian wan lv ..xi qian ying .ba li ren chou zhu .nao xi feng cui zhu cang wu .xiao shu .fen qiang wai shuang zhen lu lu .yi pian qiu sheng si duan xu .bu zhi ren xin shang ku .ai bu guo zhui hun tie ma .geng he na suo ming tong hu ..chu dui zi .ji liu bian zhu hu .zha xiang feng chun zheng chu .kan yi lian hua wu an xiang fu .ai man di liang chan su lian pu .ting si zuo sheng ge hong xiu wu ..yao .xiang duo qing feng du .lun bao dan shi shi wu .ta you na xi shi yao yan bu qing wu .xiao xiao feng liu bu xing su .wu nv jing shen wei yu chu ..gua di feng .kan liao ta bi yue xiu hua tian fu yu .you he xu fu fen tu zhu .zheng luo shan kuan ba han wen xu .li fa shui ru .fu neng gou yi fan zao yu .bian pin xia bai nian huan ju .si sheng qing shan hai shi yong wu you lv .si luan feng jin chen zhu .bi ba liao ji jian chuan shu .deng xian jian chang jiu lian li shu .zhe yan ci qi shi xu ..xi men zi .zi bie lai ji jian chui yang lv .qiao ran de yin xin shu .shou ying er dan .hao meng er gu .yi fen xie ren shi feng jing shu .shu ying er chen .ri se er bu .bai lie xia qi liang dui wu ..gu shui xian zi .wo .wo .wo .zi tan yu .ba .ba .ba .yin yuan bu reng jiang xing zi shu .shi .shi .shi .duan yun jiang chu xiu zhe lan .gan .gan .gan .tao hua ba tian tai jie zhu .lai .lai .lai .sheng fen kai bi mu yu .ya .ya .ya .liang san chao gui bing ye yu .shi .shi .shi .jiao chui xiao yue ming wu ban lv .ta .ta .ta .ba liu chao jin fen shou shi qu .dan .dan .dan .liu xia xie hen ji xing shu ..wei sheng .zeng zhi gui qi zai chun mu .que you zao shuang leng gu pu .ba deng hua ying er zhong ye bo ..shang wan yang liu heng tang dan yan suo .jiao di di fu qu wan duo .wei yu guo wan liang duo .chan yan ting ke .wu meng fang jing po .zhong xi zhan fan jin bo .xi xi nan xun tou qing ge ..xi qian ying .shao nian xing le .hao guang yin an li guo .liang du .xiang huan hui ren sheng ji he .liu dai yi gong cao shu duo .yan jian de du zheng guo .jiang shan yi jiu .ren wu xiao mo ..chu dui zi .yu zhi yin ji ge .de qing xian fei xiao ke .zhe mo ni zhong .lie ding geng ru he .ji yu dui jin dai zen me .ze dai ba li suo ming jiang du dun tuo ..gua di feng .you shi jie fang yi ge xiao xiao de lan zhou sui chu bo .mai pin ting er ba qin e .bi he tong xuan chai qing xiang nuo .tong yin kuang ge .zhi chi de diao pan shang cai yun ling luo .luo pa shang jiu hen yan wu .hua yi zan jin yi zu xian ren man zuo .xiao hu tian feng yue wo .bu shou li fa ju fu .zi tan cao yi qu sheng ge zuo .chui bo xi gong shang le yun he ..si men zi .yu shan tui xian shou shuang fu guo .kun teng teng yan dai he .jiang xiang guan lai nian .ba hao ju lai o .nian yin zi ban jiang shan xiu ..sa yi hui qin .da yi hui suo .yao ren de zhou lang shi wo ..gu shui xian zi .lai .lai .lai .zi cun du .ba .ba .ba .kong qing jing liu nian liang bin po .jiang .jiang .jiang .chou bu dai diu kai .ba .ba .ba .men hu lu shuai po .ya .ya .ya .luo xie er xian kuai huo .xiu .xiu .xiu .zou hong chen wan zhang feng bo .xi .xi .xi .zong shu kuang zui zhong tian di kuo .wo .wo .wo .bu gan qiu dao di wu zai huo .ta .ta .ta .jin bu shi fei duo ..wei sheng .fei shi wo .jiu yan hua xing yong duo .pa de shi ri yue fei suo .yi ren jiao bu zhi ji shi ren ji du wo ..yuan hen sui yue cong cong yi shang gan .chu mu chu hong chou lv can .yang liu nen hai tang han .jing wu gan .jiu xian ..li hen he shi jian .zi yan you ne nan .lai wang feng qian ru su an ..xi qian ying .guan he bian zhan .yang li huai ye shui rou lan .qing lan .ru feng si yu kan .kan yi pian bai yun suo cui yan .xie bu gou shi ban jian .chou jie cheng ..xiao wu .lei di jiu dian dian chun tan ..chu dui zi .ze bei zhe bao qing chuai zhuan .bu ming bai shi zen an .yan yan de lv yun song .zhui qiong zan .shou qie qie yu ti xiang xiao tui lv shan .bao she she cui bei sheng han qin wo tan ..gua di feng .bu jue de gun gun yang hua lian wai san .que you zao chun lao jiang nan .wen dong jun wei yu xin xian han .xin duan yin jian .zhi jian ta yuan dao jing han .luan jing que he shi wen kan .feng cha zhe shen ri zhong zan .lian li fen bei dao kan .bu you ren meng duan chun han .hen bao xing dou ren de jiang ming li tan .gan xin ru chi yi si han ..si men zi .yue zhong yang hui shou wu ting zan .dao ru jin san yue san .tou xiang de dan shui ren geng gan .shi pi pi yi jiang feng yue dan .ju zhuo ni dong jing you tian .cai mao you kan .ze jiang na ying hua zhan lan ..gu shui xian zi .ta .ta .ta ..hong zhuang shi yi han .shi .shi .shi .qi liao qian jin mi xiao tan .ya .ya .ya .cui hong xiang wu dao duan huan yu .kan .kan .kan .liu li jing you yi ri keng xian .ren .ren .ren .shou shen qu jin yi tan .ba .ba .ba .shuo lai de hua er xu you chan .lai .lai .lai .man bu guo shang cang qing zhan zhan .xiu .xiu .xiu .kui xin de zi you shen ming jian .wo .wo .wo .dian bu la qing li shi nan gan ..sai er ling .pian zan .pian zan qiao cui zheng hou te yan .man huai chou duan de wei shui dan .xian yuan qu tou xie shi .wu ji qu wen wu xian .zi tan xi .zi bao han ..shen zhang er .hei man man xiang si hai .hu la de geng shui ..cui wei wei li hen tian .mei chuai de you xian .zui ku shi huang hun .yue you xie deng er can .gu wei li qiao qiao chou cheng an .an an bu neng gou ge sheng dan .zhi luo de zhen shang lei hen chan ..wei sheng .cai lang zhi ren te yu lan .she xia shi shen ling ren gan .ai .ni ge zai chu shi de hen wang kui zen xia de gu fu an ..si yi xue yue feng hua gong cai jian .yun yu meng xiang jiao yu ruan .hua zheng fa yue chu yuan .xue ya feng dian .zheng bi ren tian ya yuan .yu ji duan chang pian .zheng nai zhe wu bian an xiang si .hao jiao wo nan yun zhuan ..xi qian ying .zhi cang ming wei yan .guan cheng hao jian bi ru chuan .song yan .jiang tai xing shan zuo mo yan .ba wan li qing tian wei jin jian .du zuo liao cao sheng chuan .wo yu dai yao shu .shu bu jin xin shi .yi hui jia su .su bu jin ao jian ..chu dui zi .ji dang chu xiang jian .jian an na feng liu de xiao ye yuan .liang xin zhong bian jie si sheng yuan .yi zai jian hun ru jiao qi jian .shui cheng wang ban lu li fan teng zuo li hen tian ..yao pian .er san chao bu jian .hun ru ge liao shi shu nian .wu yi dun cha fan bu ying qian .wu yi ke guang yin bu chang nian .wu yi ge geng er li jiang ta bu meng jian ..gua di feng .wu yi ge lai ren xing bu wen bian .hai de wo you si feng dian .xiang shi mei jian liao zhong huan quan .bu you ren bu gua qian .si liang de yan qian huo xian .zuo nian de kou zhong zhan xian .jin ling qian .xiu kou bian .lei hen yan bian .xiang cong qian yu zai xian .na shi jie ta jiao xiao wo dang nian .lun cong ming guan shi he zeng jian .ta gan zhen cheng chu you wan qian ..si men zi .yu zan jia wei ta xin wu juan .qi xiang he qing quan lian .an ye zeng zuo bing xi .yu bing jian .an ye zeng ji he xiang xiao ta jiao jing yuan .an ye zeng ba shou er xing .gong zhen er mian .ai .tian ye .shi wo yuan bao fen qian ..shui xian zi .fei gan shi wo zi zhuan .zhen mi de luan jiao xu duan xian .ji zhen shang meng yan .nian shen qian xin yuan .wo xin jian shi ye chuan .an an de dao gao qing tian .ruo zan jia shao ta qian shi yuan .qiao yuan jia bu cheng jin sheng yuan .an .an .an .an .na shi li zai tuan yuan ..wei sheng .zhu fu ni zhong chang mo geng bian .geng xiang feng bu zhi shi dong sui jing nian .ze yao ni shen qu yuan mo jiao xin qu yuan ..huang zhong .yuan cheng shuang xiang gong ..shi gong shuo .mei yin yuan yong bu li bie .wei gong ming liang zi fu chang an .zu ge yan shui yun shan wan die ..yao .gu en yi qu cheng pao pie .ta wu qing an dao xin dai .hui dang shi hen bu suo diao an .pu dao de ren xiang ji tui xue ..chu dui liao .rou chang qian jie .suan jin fan chou you bie .chang yu duan tan bu ning tie .lei yan chou mei zen da die .ruo jian ta jia qin zi shuo ..yao .yu zan zhe zen de luan jiao jie .jian wu you cheng jian bie .ni bu lai ren dao ni xin xie .wo xian si tian jiao wo ye che .yu ji ping an zen di xie ..wei .ruo ba wo shuang lang jian shi jie .xiang san po xing su bu jin hou she .ze dao shi si liang de xiao qing cheng bing ye .yuan yang dui .luan feng ming .qia xun zhuo mei man qian cheng .tuan xiang xi yu hao en qing .hu bian zuo liao chong ji hua bing ..yao .ji ding de fen po ling hua jing .pu dong de jing zhui yin ping .zhi chu mai mo ai qian jing .song de wo li xiang bei jing ..chu dui zi .jia ren bao xing .mei fu xiao shuang xian ling .lao niang wu lai .fang guo shu sheng .xiu shi duo mo .yu zhuo liu qing .qie shou feng kui .si hai xia ying ..yao .dao ru jin .di wu xing ying .jiao nu jia chou yue zeng .ban jiang qiu ying yue pian ming .man fu chou fan xin zi geng .yi yan ai ming shui yun leng ..wei .chuan shi ni ge shuang sheng mo .xing .xiu mai yuan zhe bu de yi su qing .xian xiang yu zhang cheng xia deng .ru bing ruo .si zui han .bin .song ji .jin zan .jin yi kuan tui shou yan yan .can fen lei xiang xiao ping jian ..yao .hen dong jun bu guan ren qing dan .zhan fang cong xie jin zheng chan .jiu you yuan pu jian ting can .si wang shi li chou yue gan ..chu dui zi .yong lin luan jian .shou rong yan ying zi can .lin ji wen wo si chi han .yu yu wu yan xin zi can .si ren ao jian ke guan dan ..yao .kan shi jie meng fan li jiang ren zhuan .shan de nu hen bu gan .shan meng hai shi wo xin tan .fu de gu en ta yi gan .hui hen dang chu wo zi lan ..wei .liu lian ni ge san po deng shi zan .ze zhe ji xing shu he lei feng jian .xie zhuo dao yi bu guo he ken lai kan tan an .ting chun jiao .yan pin ying su .chao chao hua kun feng yu .liu qiao wang que qing ming hou .bi jin liu si qian lv .feng die lv .zheng xian mi xian hua .xian cao xian ge wu .zui lian xi zi .shang bao bao yun qing .ying ying bo lei .dian dian jiu mei wu .

太阳出来云(yun)雾散尽不见人影，摇橹的声音从碧绿的山水中传出。
（109）胡寅——字明仲，宋朝崇安人，历任校书郎、中书舍人等职。曾上书宋高宗赵构主张北伐，反对与金人议和。后因对秦桧作斗争，遭到贬斥。秋天的深夜里高悬着的一轮明月，照耀着幽深人少的山林。夜空中月光皎洁，群星稀廖。
海角(jiao)天涯：犹天涯海角。本指僻远之地，这里当指临安。陆机如此雄才大略也无法自保，李斯以自己悲惨的结局为苦。
2.巫山巫峡：即指夔州（今奉节）一带的长江和峡谷。萧森：萧瑟阴森。常常记着宓子贱弹琴治理单父的故事。过往红润颜容和乌黑头(tou)发映照着垂柳。如今已有数根鬓发白得就像霜(shuang)雪一般。
15.涕：眼泪。　　文瑛好读书，爱做诗，常与我们郊游，我们称他为沧(cang)浪僧。
（27）攘（ráng）臂：捋起袖口，露出手臂，是准备劳作或搏斗的动作。《孟子·尽心下》载，晋勇士冯妇能杀猛虎，后来要做善人，便发誓不再打虎。可是，一次遇上众人制服不了老虎的险情，冯妇虽然明知会因违背做善人的诺言（不打虎）而受耻笑，仍然“攮(nang)臂下车”去打虎。文中暗用冯妇之典为作者开脱。舞师喜洋洋，左手握笙簧，右手招我奏“由(you)房”。心里乐又爽！
⒀登龟狩麟：登，捉取。狩，狩猎。我相信我们一定能够百战百胜,一举把鬼子们全部扫光才回家乡
109.膏腴（yú）：比喻土地肥沃。膏：汕脂。腴：腹下的肥肉。“以膏腴之地”是介词结构，在这里是补语。译成现代汉语时，要移到“封之”之前作状语，按“以膏腴之地封之”翻译。

　　不仅使情景交融，也使思乡恋国之情表达得更为强烈，更为深长。另外，在绝句格式上，这一首采用了对起散结的方式。盛唐绝句重散行，四个散句起承转合，句与句之间不讲究对偶。而此诗一、二句用了对偶。后两句用散句，又纯任天然。这样，在形式上把精巧与自然二者有机结合起来，读来节奏优美，“神味高远”（浦起龙语）。杜甫“常常把绝句作为遣兴手段，即兴漫成，但这并不妨碍他在形式上有意识进行多种尝试。”（周啸天《唐绝句史》）从这首五言绝句中，也可以看出杜甫“语不惊人死不休”的创作态度。
　　就全篇而言，诗人以旷达的情怀，知己的情谊，艺术的概括，生动的描写，表现出陈章甫的思想性格和遭遇，令人同情，深为不满。而诗的笔调轻松，风格豪爽，不为失意作苦语，不因离别写愁思，在送别诗中确属别具一格。
　　“南风吹归心，飞堕酒楼前”，诗人的心一下子飞到了千里之外的虚幻境界，想象出一连串生动的景象，犹如运用电影镜头，在读者眼前依次展现出一组优美、生动的画面：山东任城的酒楼；酒楼东边一棵枝叶葱茏的桃树；女儿平阳在桃树下折花；折花时忽然想念起父亲，泪如泉涌；小儿子伯禽，和姐姐平阳一起在桃树下玩耍。
　　“兰溪三日桃花雨，半夜鲤鱼来上滩。”船继续前行，不觉意间已从平缓如镜的水面驶到滩头。听到滩声哗哗，诗人才联想到连日春雨，兰溪水涨，滩声听起来也变得更加急骤了。在滩声中，似乎时不时听到鱼儿逆水而行时发出的泼刺声，诗人又不禁想到，这该是撒欢的鲤鱼趁着春江涨水，在奔滩而上了。南方二三月间桃花开时，每有绵绵春雨。这种持续不断的细雨，能使江水上涨，却不会使水色变浑，所以次句有水清如镜的描写，如果是北方的桃花汛，则自无“山色镜中看”的清澈之景。由此可见诗人观察事物描写景物的真切。因是夜中行舟，夜色本来比较黯淡朦胧，这里特意选用“桃花雨”的字面，感觉印象中便增添了黑暗的冬天色彩；夜间本来比较宁静，这里特意写到鲤鱼上滩的声响，遂使静夜增添了活泼的生命跃动气息。实际上，这里所写的“三月桃花雨”与“鲤鱼来上滩”都不是目接之景，前者因滩声喧哗而有此联想，后者因游鱼泼刺而有此猜测。两者都是诗人的想象之景。正因为多了这一层想像的因素，诗情便显得更为浓郁。
　　《《鸿鹄歌》刘邦 古诗》情真意切，巧用比喻，仍是楚辞遗风，联系史实去读．不乏感人的艺术力量。
　　关于这首诗的主旨，长期以来即有美刺两种观点相对立。旧说是“赞美”，现代研究者则多判为是对贵族“丑态”的“讽刺”。持美诗说者或径取前人成说，不予发挥；持刺诗说者大都以“狼固非喻圣人之物”为据；或言狼喻管蔡小人之流，曲意弥缝，二者均未对《豳风·《狼跋》佚名 古诗》一诗之比兴特点作深入体察。主赞美者，着眼在“赤舄几几”“德音不瑕”，这只能是颂赞；但“《狼跋》佚名 古诗其胡，载疐其尾”的比喻，却分明带着揶揄的口吻，与“赞美”并不协调。主讽刺者，着眼在喻比公孙的“狼”，既凶残、又狼狈，若非讽刺，不会以此为喻。此诗以狼之进退形容公孙之态，亦非必含有憎恶、挖苦之意。闻一多指出，《豳风·《狼跋》佚名 古诗》“对于公孙，是取着一种善意的调弄的态度”。还有一种观点，把“《狼跋》佚名 古诗其胡”解释为天狼星停滞在尾宿，认为这是一首讽刺的山歌，讽刺公孙贵族不懂、不关心天象的变化而只关心自己的鞋子。
　　此诗采用了先实后虚的写法，即先写女子所见，后写女子所想。秦师出征那天，她前往送行，看见出征队伍的阵容，十分壮观：战车列阵，兵强马壮，兵器精良，其夫执鞭驾车，整装待发，仿佛一幅古代战车兵阵图。队伍出发后的情景是女子的联想，其中既有对征夫在外情景的设想，又有自己对征夫的思念。
　　这首诗的主题和艺术构思，对后来的大历诗人韦应物的《寄全椒山中道士》、《秋夜寄邱二十二员外》等名作，都有一定的影响。