萧萧山路穷秋雨，淅淅溪风一岸蒲。为问寒沙新到雁，来时还下杜陵无。云淡风轻近午天，傍花随柳过前川。时人不识余心乐，将谓偷闲学少年。陈胜者，阳城人也，字涉。吴广者，阳夏人也，字叔。陈涉少时，尝与人佣耕，辍耕之垄上，怅恨久之，曰：“苟富贵，无相忘。”佣者笑而应曰：“若为佣耕，何富贵也？”陈涉太息曰：“嗟乎！燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉！”二世元年七月，发闾左谪戍渔阳，九百人屯大泽乡。陈胜﹑吴广皆次当行，为屯长。会天大雨，道不通，度已失期。失期，法皆斩。陈胜﹑吴广乃谋曰：“今亡亦死，举大计亦死；等死，死国可乎？”陈胜曰：“天下苦秦久矣。吾闻二世少子也，不当立，当立者乃公子扶苏。扶苏以数谏故，上使外将兵。今或闻无罪，二世杀之。百姓多闻其贤，未知其死也。项燕为楚将，数有功，爱士卒，楚人怜之。或以为死，或以为亡。今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏﹑项燕，为天下唱，宜多应者。”吴广以为然。乃行卜。卜者知其指意，曰：“足下事皆成，有功。然足下卜之鬼乎！”陈胜﹑吴广喜，念鬼，曰：“此教我先威众耳。”乃丹书帛曰“陈胜王”，置人所罾鱼腹中。卒买鱼烹食，得鱼腹中书，固以怪之矣。又间令吴广之次所旁丛祠中，夜篝火，狐鸣唿曰：“大楚兴，陈胜王。”卒皆夜惊恐。旦日，卒中往往语，皆指目陈胜。吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者。将尉醉，广故数言欲亡，忿恚尉，令辱之，以激怒其众。尉果笞广。尉剑挺，广起，夺而杀尉。陈胜佐之，并杀两尉。召令徒属曰：“公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当斩。藉第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。且壮士不死即已，死即举大名耳，王侯将相宁nìng有种乎！”徒属皆曰：“敬受命。”乃诈称公子扶苏﹑项燕，从民欲也。袒右，称大楚。为坛而盟，祭以尉首。陈胜自立为将军，吴广为都尉。攻大泽乡，收而攻蕲qí。蕲下，乃令符离人葛婴将兵徇蕲以东。攻铚、酂、苦、柘、谯皆下之。行收兵。比至陈，车六七百乘，骑千余，卒数万人。攻陈，陈守令皆不在，独守丞与战谯门中。弗胜，守丞死，乃入据陈。数日，号令召三老﹑豪杰与皆来会计事。三老﹑豪杰皆曰：“将军身被坚执锐，伐无道，诛暴秦，复立楚国之社稷jì，功宜为王。”陈涉乃立为王，号为张楚。当此时，诸郡县苦秦吏者，皆刑其长吏，杀之以应陈涉。乃以吴叔为假王，监诸将以西击荥阳。令陈人武臣、张耳、陈馀徇赵地，令汝阴人邓宗徇九江郡。当此时，楚兵数千人为聚者，不可胜数。葛婴至东城，立襄强为楚王。婴后闻陈王已立，因杀襄强，还报。至陈，陈王诛杀葛婴。陈王令魏人周市北徇魏地。吴广围荥阳。李由为三川守，守荥阳，吴叔弗能下。陈王征国之豪杰与计，以上蔡人房君蔡赐为上柱国。周文，陈之贤人也，尝为项燕军视日，事春申君，自言习兵，陈王与之将军印，西击秦。行收兵至关，车千乘，卒数十万，至戏，军焉。秦令少府章邯免郦山徒﹑人奴产子生，悉发以击楚大军，尽败之。周文败，走出关，止次曹阳二三月。章邯追败之，复走次渑池十余日。章邯击，大破之。周文自刭，军遂不战。武臣到邯郸，自立为赵王，陈馀为大将军，张耳、召骚为左右丞相。陈王怒，捕系武臣等家室，欲诛之。柱国曰：“秦未亡而诛赵王将相家属，此生一秦也。不如因而立之。”陈王乃遣使者贺赵，而徙系武臣等家属宫中，而封耳子张敖为成都君，趣赵兵，亟入关。赵王将相相与谋曰：“王王赵，非楚意也。楚已诛秦，必加兵于赵。计莫如毋西兵，使使北徇燕地以自广也。赵南据大河，北有燕、代，楚虽胜秦，不敢制赵。若楚不胜秦，必重赵。赵乘秦之弊，可以得志于天下。”赵王以为然，因不西兵，而遣故上谷卒史韩广将兵北徇燕地。燕故贵人豪杰谓韩广曰：“楚已立王，赵又已立王。燕虽小，亦万乘之国也，原将军立为燕王。”韩广曰：“广母在赵，不可。”燕人曰：“赵方西忧秦，南忧楚，其力不能禁我。且以楚之彊，不敢害赵王将相之家，赵独安敢害将军之家！”韩广以为然，乃自立为燕王。居数月，赵奉燕王母及家属归之燕。当此之时，诸将之徇地者，不可胜数。周市北徇地至狄，狄人田儋杀狄令，自立为齐王，以齐反击周市。市军散，还至魏地，欲立魏后故宁陵君咎为魏王。时咎在陈王所，不得之魏。魏地已定，欲相与立周市为魏王，周市不肯。使者五反，陈王乃立宁陵君咎为魏王，遣之国。周市卒为相。将军田臧等相与谋曰：“周章军已破矣，秦兵旦暮至，我围荥阳城弗能下，秦军至，必大败。不如少遗兵，足以守荥阳，悉精兵迎秦军。今假王骄，不知兵权，不可与计，非诛之，事恐败。”因相与矫王令以诛吴叔，献其首于陈王。陈王使使赐田臧楚令尹印，使为上将。田臧乃使诸将李归等守荥阳城，自以精兵西迎秦军于敖仓。与战，田臧死，军破。章邯进兵击李归等荥阳下，破之，李归等死。阳城人邓说将兵居郯，章邯别将击破之，邓说军散走陈。铚人伍徐将兵居许，章邯击破之，伍徐军皆散走陈。陈王诛邓说。陈王初立时，陵人秦嘉﹑铚人董譄﹑符离人朱鸡石﹑取虑人郑布﹑徐人丁疾等皆特起，将兵围东海守庆于郯。陈王闻，乃使武平君畔为将军，监郯下军。秦嘉不受命，嘉自立为大司马，恶属武平君。告军吏曰：“武平君年少，不知兵事，勿听！”因矫以王命杀武平君畔。章邯已破伍徐，击陈，柱国房君死。章邯又进兵击陈西张贺军。陈王出监战，军破，张贺死。腊月，陈王之汝阴，还至下城父，其御庄贾杀以降秦。陈胜葬砀，谥曰隐王。陈王故涓人将军吕臣为仓头军，起新阳，攻陈下之，杀庄贾，复以陈为楚。初，陈王至陈，令铚人宋留将兵定南阳，入武关。留已徇南阳，闻陈王死，南阳复为秦。宋留不能入武关，乃东至新蔡，遇秦军，宋留以军降秦。秦传留至咸阳，车裂留以徇。秦嘉等闻陈王军破出走，乃立景驹为楚王，引兵之方与，欲击秦军定陶下。使公孙庆使齐王，欲与并力俱进。齐王曰：“闻陈王战败，不知其死生，楚安得不请而立王！”公孙庆曰：“齐不请楚而立王，楚何故请齐而立王！且楚首事，当令于天下。”田儋诛杀公孙庆。秦左右校复攻陈，下之。吕将军走，收兵复聚。鄱盗当阳君黥布之兵相收，复击秦左右校，破之青波，复以陈为楚。会项梁立怀王孙心为楚王。陈胜王凡六月。已为王，王陈。其故人尝与佣耕者闻之，之陈，扣宫门曰：“吾欲见涉。”宫门令欲缚之。自辩数，乃置，不肯为通。陈王出，遮道而唿涉。陈王闻之，乃召见，载与俱归。入宫，见殿屋帷帐，客曰：“伙颐！涉之为王沉沉者！”楚人谓多为伙，故天下传之，伙涉为王，由陈涉始。客出入愈益发舒，言陈王故情。或说陈王曰：“客愚无知，颛妄言，轻威。”陈王斩之。诸陈王故人皆自引去，由是无亲陈王者。陈王以朱房为中正，胡武为司过，主司群臣。诸将徇地，至，令之不是者，系而罪之，以苛察为忠。其所不善者，弗下吏，辄自治之。陈王信用之。诸将以其故不亲附，此其所以败也。陈胜虽已死，其所置遣侯王将相竟亡秦，由涉首事也。高祖时为陈涉置守頉三十家砀，至今血食。褚先生曰：地形险阻，所以为固也；兵革刑法，所以为治也。犹未足恃也。夫先王以仁义为本，而以固塞文法为枝叶，岂不然哉！吾闻贾生之称曰：“秦孝公据肴函之固，拥雍州之地，君臣固守，以窥周室，有席卷天下、包举宇内、囊括四海之意，并吞八荒之心。当是时也，商君佐之，内立法度，务耕织，修守战之具；外连衡而斗诸侯。于是秦人拱手而取西河之外。“孝公既没，惠文、武、昭襄蒙故业因遗策，南取汉中，西举巴蜀，东割膏腴之地，收要害之郡。诸侯恐惧，会盟而谋弱秦，不爱珍器、重宝、肥饶之地，以致天下之士，合从缔交，相与为一。当此之时，齐有孟尝，赵有平原，楚有春申，魏有信陵。此四君者，皆明智而忠信，宽厚而爱人，尊贤而重士，约从离横，兼韩、魏、燕、赵、宋、卫、中山之众。于是六国之士，有宁越、徐尚、苏秦、杜赫之属为之谋，齐明、周最、陈轸、召滑、楼缓、翟景、苏厉、乐毅之徒通其意，吴起、孙膑、带佗、倪良、王廖、田忌、廉颇、赵奢之伦制其兵。尝以十倍之地，百万之众，叩关而攻秦。秦人开关而延敌，九国之师逡巡遁逃而不敢进。秦无亡矢遗镞之费，而天下诸侯已困矣。于是从散约解，争割地以赂秦。秦有余力而制其弊，追亡逐北，伏尸百万，流血飘橹。因利乘便，宰割天下，分裂河山。强国请服，弱国入朝。“施及孝文王、庄襄王，享国之日浅，国家无事。“及至始皇，奋六世之余烈，振长策而御宇内，吞二周而亡诸侯，履至尊而制六合，执敲朴以鞭笞天下，威振四海。南取百越之地，以为桂林、象郡。百越之君，俯首系颈，委命下吏。乃使蒙恬北筑长城而守藩篱，却匈奴七百余里。胡人不敢南下而牧马，士不敢弯弓而报怨。于是废先王之道，燔百家之言，以愚黔首；隳名城，杀豪俊，收天下之兵聚之咸阳，销锋鍉，铸以为金人十二，以弱天下之民。然后践华为城，因河为池，据亿丈之城、临不测之溪以为固。良将劲驽，守要害之处；信臣精卒，陈利兵而谁何。天下已定，始皇之心，自以为关中之固，金城千里，子孙帝王万世之业也。“始皇既没，余威震于殊俗。 然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子，氓隶之人，而迁徙之徒也；材能不及中人，非有仲尼、墨翟之贤，陶朱、猗顿之富。蹑足行伍之间，倔起阡陌之中，率罢散之卒，将数百之众，转而攻秦，斩木为兵，揭竿为旗，天下云集而响应，赢粮而景从。山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣。“且夫天下非小弱也，雍州之地，肴函之固，自若也；陈涉之位，非尊于齐、楚、燕、赵、韩、魏、宋、卫、中山之君也；锄耰棘矜，不铦于钩戟长铩也；适戍之众，非抗于九国之师也；深谋远虑，行军用兵之道，非及向时之士也。然而成败异变，功业相反。试使山东之国与陈涉度长絜大，比权量力，则不可同年而语矣。然秦以区区之地，致万乘之势，序八州而朝同列，百有余年矣。然后以六合为家，肴函为宫。一夫作难而七庙隳，身死人手，为天下笑者，何也？仁义不施而攻守之势异也。”【索隐述赞】天下匈匈，海内乏主，掎鹿争捷，瞻乌爰处。陈胜首事，厥号张楚。鬼怪是凭，鸿鹄自许。葛婴东下，周文西拒。始亲朱房，又任胡武。伙颐见杀，腹心不与。庄贾何人，反噬城父！梁上有双燕，翩翩雄与雌。衔泥两椽间，一巢生四儿。四儿日夜长，索食声孜孜。青虫不易捕，黄口无饱期。觜爪虽欲敝，心力不知疲。须臾十来往，犹恐巢中饥。辛勤三十日，母瘦雏渐肥。喃喃教言语，一一刷毛衣。一旦羽翼成，引上庭树枝。举翅不回顾，随风四散飞。雌雄空中鸣，声尽唿不归。却入空巢里，啁啾终夜悲。燕燕尔勿悲，尔当返自思。思尔为雏日，高飞背母时。当时父母念，今日尔应知。汉家未得燕支山，征戍年年沙朔间。塞下长驱汗血马，云中恒闭玉门关。阴山瀚海千万里，此日桑河冻流水。稽洛川边胡骑来，渔阳戍里烽烟起。长途羽檄何相望，天子按剑思北方。羽林练士拭金甲，将军校战出玉堂。幽陵异域风烟改，亭障连连古今在。夜闻鸿雁南渡河，晓望旌旗北临海。塞沙飞淅沥，遥裔连穷碛。玄漠云平初合阵，西山月出闻鸣镝。城南百战多苦辛，路傍死卧黄沙人。戎衣不脱随霜雪，汗马骖单长被铁。杨叶楼中不寄书，莲花剑上空流血。匈奴未灭不言家，驱逐行行边徼赊。归心海外见明月，别思天边梦落花。天边回望何悠悠，芳树无人渡陇头。春云不变阳关雪，桑叶先知胡地秋。田畴不卖卢龙策，窦宪思勒燕然石。麾兵静北垂，此日交河湄。欲令塞上无干戚，会待单于系颈时。归鸿断猿何处声，深闺旅馆遥相忆。长安五侯华阁开，太阳朝序，王宫有仪。蟠桃彩驾，细柳光驰。金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。(羞 通：馐；直 通：值)停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山。(雪满山 一作：雪暗天)闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。(碧 一作：坐)行路难！行路难！多歧路，今安在？长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。白日登山望烽火，黄昏饮马傍交河。行人刁斗风沙暗，公主琵琶幽怨多。野云万里无城郭，雨雪纷纷连大漠。胡雁哀鸣夜夜飞，胡儿眼泪双双落。闻道玉门犹被遮，应将性命逐轻车。年年战骨埋荒外，空见蒲桃入汉家。

xiao xiao shan lu qiong qiu yu .xi xi xi feng yi an pu .wei wen han sha xin dao yan .lai shi huan xia du ling wu .yun dan feng qing jin wu tian .bang hua sui liu guo qian chuan .shi ren bu shi yu xin le .jiang wei tou xian xue shao nian .chen sheng zhe .yang cheng ren ye .zi she .wu guang zhe .yang xia ren ye .zi shu .chen she shao shi .chang yu ren yong geng .chuo geng zhi long shang .chang hen jiu zhi .yue ..gou fu gui .wu xiang wang ..yong zhe xiao er ying yue ..ruo wei yong geng .he fu gui ye ..chen she tai xi yue ..jie hu .yan que an zhi hong gu zhi zhi zai ..er shi yuan nian qi yue .fa lv zuo zhe shu yu yang .jiu bai ren tun da ze xiang .chen sheng .wu guang jie ci dang xing .wei tun chang .hui tian da yu .dao bu tong .du yi shi qi .shi qi .fa jie zhan .chen sheng .wu guang nai mou yue ..jin wang yi si .ju da ji yi si .deng si .si guo ke hu ..chen sheng yue ..tian xia ku qin jiu yi .wu wen er shi shao zi ye .bu dang li .dang li zhe nai gong zi fu su .fu su yi shu jian gu .shang shi wai jiang bing .jin huo wen wu zui .er shi sha zhi .bai xing duo wen qi xian .wei zhi qi si ye .xiang yan wei chu jiang .shu you gong .ai shi zu .chu ren lian zhi .huo yi wei si .huo yi wei wang .jin cheng yi wu zhong zha zi cheng gong zi fu su .xiang yan .wei tian xia chang .yi duo ying zhe ..wu guang yi wei ran .nai xing bo .bo zhe zhi qi zhi yi .yue ..zu xia shi jie cheng .you gong .ran zu xia bo zhi gui hu ..chen sheng .wu guang xi .nian gui .yue ..ci jiao wo xian wei zhong er ..nai dan shu bo yue .chen sheng wang ..zhi ren suo zeng yu fu zhong .zu mai yu peng shi .de yu fu zhong shu .gu yi guai zhi yi .you jian ling wu guang zhi ci suo pang cong ci zhong .ye gou huo .hu ming hu yue ..da chu xing .chen sheng wang ..zu jie ye jing kong .dan ri .zu zhong wang wang yu .jie zhi mu chen sheng .wu guang su ai ren .shi zu duo wei yong zhe .jiang wei zui .guang gu shu yan yu wang .fen hui wei .ling ru zhi .yi ji nu qi zhong .wei guo chi guang .wei jian ting .guang qi .duo er sha wei .chen sheng zuo zhi .bing sha liang wei .zhao ling tu shu yue ..gong deng yu yu .jie yi shi qi .shi qi dang zhan .jie di ling wu zhan .er shu si zhe gu shi liu qi .qie zhuang shi bu si ji yi .si ji ju da ming er .wang hou jiang xiang ning n.ngyou zhong hu ..tu shu jie yue ..jing shou ming ..nai zha cheng gong zi fu su .xiang yan .cong min yu ye .tan you .cheng da chu .wei tan er meng .ji yi wei shou .chen sheng zi li wei jiang jun .wu guang wei du wei .gong da ze xiang .shou er gong qi q..qi xia .nai ling fu li ren ge ying jiang bing xun qi yi dong .gong zhi .zan .ku .zhe .qiao jie xia zhi .xing shou bing .bi zhi chen .che liu qi bai cheng .qi qian yu .zu shu wan ren .gong chen .chen shou ling jie bu zai .du shou cheng yu zhan qiao men zhong .fu sheng .shou cheng si .nai ru ju chen .shu ri .hao ling zhao san lao .hao jie yu jie lai hui ji shi .san lao .hao jie jie yue ..jiang jun shen bei jian zhi rui .fa wu dao .zhu bao qin .fu li chu guo zhi she ji j..gong yi wei wang ..chen she nai li wei wang .hao wei zhang chu .dang ci shi .zhu jun xian ku qin li zhe .jie xing qi chang li .sha zhi yi ying chen she .nai yi wu shu wei jia wang .jian zhu jiang yi xi ji ying yang .ling chen ren wu chen .zhang er .chen yu xun zhao di .ling ru yin ren deng zong xun jiu jiang jun .dang ci shi .chu bing shu qian ren wei ju zhe .bu ke sheng shu .ge ying zhi dong cheng .li xiang qiang wei chu wang .ying hou wen chen wang yi li .yin sha xiang qiang .huan bao .zhi chen .chen wang zhu sha ge ying .chen wang ling wei ren zhou shi bei xun wei di .wu guang wei ying yang .li you wei san chuan shou .shou ying yang .wu shu fu neng xia .chen wang zheng guo zhi hao jie yu ji .yi shang cai ren fang jun cai ci wei shang zhu guo .zhou wen .chen zhi xian ren ye .chang wei xiang yan jun shi ri .shi chun shen jun .zi yan xi bing .chen wang yu zhi jiang jun yin .xi ji qin .xing shou bing zhi guan .che qian cheng .zu shu shi wan .zhi xi .jun yan .qin ling shao fu zhang han mian li shan tu .ren nu chan zi sheng .xi fa yi ji chu da jun .jin bai zhi .zhou wen bai .zou chu guan .zhi ci cao yang er san yue .zhang han zhui bai zhi .fu zou ci sheng chi shi yu ri .zhang han ji .da po zhi .zhou wen zi jing .jun sui bu zhan .wu chen dao han dan .zi li wei zhao wang .chen yu wei da jiang jun .zhang er .zhao sao wei zuo you cheng xiang .chen wang nu .bo xi wu chen deng jia shi .yu zhu zhi .zhu guo yue ..qin wei wang er zhu zhao wang jiang xiang jia shu .ci sheng yi qin ye .bu ru yin er li zhi ..chen wang nai qian shi zhe he zhao .er xi xi wu chen deng jia shu gong zhong .er feng er zi zhang ao wei cheng du jun .qu zhao bing .ji ru guan .zhao wang jiang xiang xiang yu mou yue ..wang wang zhao .fei chu yi ye .chu yi zhu qin .bi jia bing yu zhao .ji mo ru wu xi bing .shi shi bei xun yan di yi zi guang ye .zhao nan ju da he .bei you yan .dai .chu sui sheng qin .bu gan zhi zhao .ruo chu bu sheng qin .bi zhong zhao .zhao cheng qin zhi bi .ke yi de zhi yu tian xia ..zhao wang yi wei ran .yin bu xi bing .er qian gu shang gu zu shi han guang jiang bing bei xun yan di .yan gu gui ren hao jie wei han guang yue ..chu yi li wang .zhao you yi li wang .yan sui xiao .yi wan cheng zhi guo ye .yuan jiang jun li wei yan wang ..han guang yue ..guang mu zai zhao .bu ke ..yan ren yue ..zhao fang xi you qin .nan you chu .qi li bu neng jin wo .qie yi chu zhi jiang .bu gan hai zhao wang jiang xiang zhi jia .zhao du an gan hai jiang jun zhi jia ..han guang yi wei ran .nai zi li wei yan wang .ju shu yue .zhao feng yan wang mu ji jia shu gui zhi yan .dang ci zhi shi .zhu jiang zhi xun di zhe .bu ke sheng shu .zhou shi bei xun di zhi di .di ren tian dan sha di ling .zi li wei qi wang .yi qi fan ji zhou shi .shi jun san .huan zhi wei di .yu li wei hou gu ning ling jun jiu wei wei wang .shi jiu zai chen wang suo .bu de zhi wei .wei di yi ding .yu xiang yu li zhou shi wei wei wang .zhou shi bu ken .shi zhe wu fan .chen wang nai li ning ling jun jiu wei wei wang .qian zhi guo .zhou shi zu wei xiang .jiang jun tian zang deng xiang yu mou yue ..zhou zhang jun yi po yi .qin bing dan mu zhi .wo wei ying yang cheng fu neng xia .qin jun zhi .bi da bai .bu ru shao yi bing .zu yi shou ying yang .xi jing bing ying qin jun .jin jia wang jiao .bu zhi bing quan .bu ke yu ji .fei zhu zhi .shi kong bai ..yin xiang yu jiao wang ling yi zhu wu shu .xian qi shou yu chen wang .chen wang shi shi ci tian zang chu ling yin yin .shi wei shang jiang .tian zang nai shi zhu jiang li gui deng shou ying yang cheng .zi yi jing bing xi ying qin jun yu ao cang .yu zhan .tian zang si .jun po .zhang han jin bing ji li gui deng ying yang xia .po zhi .li gui deng si .yang cheng ren deng shuo jiang bing ju tan .zhang han bie jiang ji po zhi .deng shuo jun san zou chen .zhi ren wu xu jiang bing ju xu .zhang han ji po zhi .wu xu jun jie san zou chen .chen wang zhu deng shuo .chen wang chu li shi .ling ren qin jia .zhi ren dong zeng .fu li ren zhu ji shi .qu lv ren zheng bu .xu ren ding ji deng jie te qi .jiang bing wei dong hai shou qing yu tan .chen wang wen .nai shi wu ping jun pan wei jiang jun .jian tan xia jun .qin jia bu shou ming .jia zi li wei da si ma .e shu wu ping jun .gao jun li yue ..wu ping jun nian shao .bu zhi bing shi .wu ting ..yin jiao yi wang ming sha wu ping jun pan .zhang han yi po wu xu .ji chen .zhu guo fang jun si .zhang han you jin bing ji chen xi zhang he jun .chen wang chu jian zhan .jun po .zhang he si .la yue .chen wang zhi ru yin .huan zhi xia cheng fu .qi yu zhuang jia sha yi jiang qin .chen sheng zang dang .shi yue yin wang .chen wang gu juan ren jiang jun lv chen wei cang tou jun .qi xin yang .gong chen xia zhi .sha zhuang jia .fu yi chen wei chu .chu .chen wang zhi chen .ling zhi ren song liu jiang bing ding nan yang .ru wu guan .liu yi xun nan yang .wen chen wang si .nan yang fu wei qin .song liu bu neng ru wu guan .nai dong zhi xin cai .yu qin jun .song liu yi jun jiang qin .qin chuan liu zhi xian yang .che lie liu yi xun .qin jia deng wen chen wang jun po chu zou .nai li jing ju wei chu wang .yin bing zhi fang yu .yu ji qin jun ding tao xia .shi gong sun qing shi qi wang .yu yu bing li ju jin .qi wang yue ..wen chen wang zhan bai .bu zhi qi si sheng .chu an de bu qing er li wang ..gong sun qing yue ..qi bu qing chu er li wang .chu he gu qing qi er li wang .qie chu shou shi .dang ling yu tian xia ..tian dan zhu sha gong sun qing .qin zuo you xiao fu gong chen .xia zhi .lv jiang jun zou .shou bing fu ju .po dao dang yang jun qing bu zhi bing xiang shou .fu ji qin zuo you xiao .po zhi qing bo .fu yi chen wei chu .hui xiang liang li huai wang sun xin wei chu wang .chen sheng wang fan liu yue .yi wei wang .wang chen .qi gu ren chang yu yong geng zhe wen zhi .zhi chen .kou gong men yue ..wu yu jian she ..gong men ling yu fu zhi .zi bian shu .nai zhi .bu ken wei tong .chen wang chu .zhe dao er hu she .chen wang wen zhi .nai zhao jian .zai yu ju gui .ru gong .jian dian wu wei zhang .ke yue ..huo yi .she zhi wei wang chen chen zhe ..chu ren wei duo wei huo .gu tian xia chuan zhi .huo she wei wang .you chen she shi .ke chu ru yu yi fa shu .yan chen wang gu qing .huo shuo chen wang yue ..ke yu wu zhi .zhuan wang yan .qing wei ..chen wang zhan zhi .zhu chen wang gu ren jie zi yin qu .you shi wu qin chen wang zhe .chen wang yi zhu fang wei zhong zheng .hu wu wei si guo .zhu si qun chen .zhu jiang xun di .zhi .ling zhi bu shi zhe .xi er zui zhi .yi ke cha wei zhong .qi suo bu shan zhe .fu xia li .zhe zi zhi zhi .chen wang xin yong zhi .zhu jiang yi qi gu bu qin fu .ci qi suo yi bai ye .chen sheng sui yi si .qi suo zhi qian hou wang jiang xiang jing wang qin .you she shou shi ye .gao zu shi wei chen she zhi shou yi san shi jia dang .zhi jin xue shi .chu xian sheng yue .di xing xian zu .suo yi wei gu ye .bing ge xing fa .suo yi wei zhi ye .you wei zu shi ye .fu xian wang yi ren yi wei ben .er yi gu sai wen fa wei zhi ye .qi bu ran zai .wu wen jia sheng zhi cheng yue ..qin xiao gong ju yao han zhi gu .yong yong zhou zhi di .jun chen gu shou .yi kui zhou shi .you xi juan tian xia .bao ju yu nei .nang kuo si hai zhi yi .bing tun ba huang zhi xin .dang shi shi ye .shang jun zuo zhi .nei li fa du .wu geng zhi .xiu shou zhan zhi ju .wai lian heng er dou zhu hou .yu shi qin ren gong shou er qu xi he zhi wai ..xiao gong ji mei .hui wen .wu .zhao xiang meng gu ye yin yi ce .nan qu han zhong .xi ju ba shu .dong ge gao yu zhi di .shou yao hai zhi jun .zhu hou kong ju .hui meng er mou ruo qin .bu ai zhen qi .zhong bao .fei rao zhi di .yi zhi tian xia zhi shi .he cong di jiao .xiang yu wei yi .dang ci zhi shi .qi you meng chang .zhao you ping yuan .chu you chun shen .wei you xin ling .ci si jun zhe .jie ming zhi er zhong xin .kuan hou er ai ren .zun xian er zhong shi .yue cong li heng .jian han .wei .yan .zhao .song .wei .zhong shan zhi zhong .yu shi liu guo zhi shi .you ning yue .xu shang .su qin .du he zhi shu wei zhi mou .qi ming .zhou zui .chen zhen .zhao hua .lou huan .di jing .su li .le yi zhi tu tong qi yi .wu qi .sun bin .dai tuo .ni liang .wang liao .tian ji .lian po .zhao she zhi lun zhi qi bing .chang yi shi bei zhi di .bai wan zhi zhong .kou guan er gong qin .qin ren kai guan er yan di .jiu guo zhi shi qun xun dun tao er bu gan jin .qin wu wang shi yi zu zhi fei .er tian xia zhu hou yi kun yi .yu shi cong san yue jie .zheng ge di yi lu qin .qin you yu li er zhi qi bi .zhui wang zhu bei .fu shi bai wan .liu xue piao lu .yin li cheng bian .zai ge tian xia .fen lie he shan .qiang guo qing fu .ruo guo ru chao ..shi ji xiao wen wang .zhuang xiang wang .xiang guo zhi ri qian .guo jia wu shi ..ji zhi shi huang .fen liu shi zhi yu lie .zhen chang ce er yu yu nei .tun er zhou er wang zhu hou .lv zhi zun er zhi liu he .zhi qiao pu yi bian chi tian xia .wei zhen si hai .nan qu bai yue zhi di .yi wei gui lin .xiang jun .bai yue zhi jun .fu shou xi jing .wei ming xia li .nai shi meng tian bei zhu chang cheng er shou fan li .que xiong nu qi bai yu li .hu ren bu gan nan xia er mu ma .shi bu gan wan gong er bao yuan .yu shi fei xian wang zhi dao .fan bai jia zhi yan .yi yu qian shou .hui ming cheng .sha hao jun .shou tian xia zhi bing ju zhi xian yang .xiao feng di .zhu yi wei jin ren shi er .yi ruo tian xia zhi min .ran hou jian hua wei cheng .yin he wei chi .ju yi zhang zhi cheng .lin bu ce zhi xi yi wei gu .liang jiang jin nu .shou yao hai zhi chu .xin chen jing zu .chen li bing er shui he .tian xia yi ding .shi huang zhi xin .zi yi wei guan zhong zhi gu .jin cheng qian li .zi sun di wang wan shi zhi ye ye ..shi huang ji mei .yu wei zhen yu shu su . ran chen she weng you sheng shu zhi zi .mang li zhi ren .er qian xi zhi tu ye .cai neng bu ji zhong ren .fei you zhong ni .mo di zhi xian .tao zhu .yi dun zhi fu .nie zu xing wu zhi jian .jue qi qian mo zhi zhong .lv ba san zhi zu .jiang shu bai zhi zhong .zhuan er gong qin .zhan mu wei bing .jie gan wei qi .tian xia yun ji er xiang ying .ying liang er jing cong .shan dong hao jun sui bing qi er wang qin zu yi ..qie fu tian xia fei xiao ruo ye .yong zhou zhi di .yao han zhi gu .zi ruo ye .chen she zhi wei .fei zun yu qi .chu .yan .zhao .han .wei .song .wei .zhong shan zhi jun ye .chu you ji jin .bu xian yu gou ji chang sha ye .shi shu zhi zhong .fei kang yu jiu guo zhi shi ye .shen mou yuan lv .xing jun yong bing zhi dao .fei ji xiang shi zhi shi ye .ran er cheng bai yi bian .gong ye xiang fan .shi shi shan dong zhi guo yu chen she du chang xie da .bi quan liang li .ze bu ke tong nian er yu yi .ran qin yi qu qu zhi di .zhi wan cheng zhi shi .xu ba zhou er chao tong lie .bai you yu nian yi .ran hou yi liu he wei jia .yao han wei gong .yi fu zuo nan er qi miao hui .shen si ren shou .wei tian xia xiao zhe .he ye .ren yi bu shi er gong shou zhi shi yi ye ...suo yin shu zan .tian xia xiong xiong .hai nei fa zhu .ji lu zheng jie .zhan wu yuan chu .chen sheng shou shi .jue hao zhang chu .gui guai shi ping .hong gu zi xu .ge ying dong xia .zhou wen xi ju .shi qin zhu fang .you ren hu wu .huo yi jian sha .fu xin bu yu .zhuang jia he ren .fan shi cheng fu .liang shang you shuang yan .pian pian xiong yu ci .xian ni liang chuan jian .yi chao sheng si er .si er ri ye chang .suo shi sheng zi zi .qing chong bu yi bo .huang kou wu bao qi .zi zhua sui yu bi .xin li bu zhi pi .xu yu shi lai wang .you kong chao zhong ji .xin qin san shi ri .mu shou chu jian fei .nan nan jiao yan yu .yi yi shua mao yi .yi dan yu yi cheng .yin shang ting shu zhi .ju chi bu hui gu .sui feng si san fei .ci xiong kong zhong ming .sheng jin hu bu gui .que ru kong chao li .zhao jiu zhong ye bei .yan yan er wu bei .er dang fan zi si .si er wei chu ri .gao fei bei mu shi .dang shi fu mu nian .jin ri er ying zhi .han jia wei de yan zhi shan .zheng shu nian nian sha shuo jian .sai xia chang qu han xue ma .yun zhong heng bi yu men guan .yin shan han hai qian wan li .ci ri sang he dong liu shui .ji luo chuan bian hu qi lai .yu yang shu li feng yan qi .chang tu yu xi he xiang wang .tian zi an jian si bei fang .yu lin lian shi shi jin jia .jiang jun xiao zhan chu yu tang .you ling yi yu feng yan gai .ting zhang lian lian gu jin zai .ye wen hong yan nan du he .xiao wang jing qi bei lin hai .sai sha fei xi li .yao yi lian qiong qi .xuan mo yun ping chu he zhen .xi shan yue chu wen ming di .cheng nan bai zhan duo ku xin .lu bang si wo huang sha ren .rong yi bu tuo sui shuang xue .han ma can dan chang bei tie .yang ye lou zhong bu ji shu .lian hua jian shang kong liu xue .xiong nu wei mie bu yan jia .qu zhu xing xing bian jiao she .gui xin hai wai jian ming yue .bie si tian bian meng luo hua .tian bian hui wang he you you .fang shu wu ren du long tou .chun yun bu bian yang guan xue .sang ye xian zhi hu di qiu .tian chou bu mai lu long ce .dou xian si le yan ran shi .hui bing jing bei chui .ci ri jiao he mei .yu ling sai shang wu gan qi .hui dai dan yu xi jing shi .gui hong duan yuan he chu sheng .shen gui lv guan yao xiang yi .chang an wu hou hua ge kai .tai yang chao xu .wang gong you yi .pan tao cai jia .xi liu guang chi .jin zun qing jiu dou shi qian .yu pan zhen xiu zhi wan qian ..xiu tong .xiu .zhi tong .zhi .ting bei tou zhu bu neng shi .ba jian si gu xin mang ran .yu du huang he bing sai chuan .jiang deng tai xing xue man shan ..xue man shan yi zuo .xue an tian .xian lai chui diao bi xi shang .hu fu cheng zhou meng ri bian ..bi yi zuo .zuo .xing lu nan .xing lu nan .duo qi lu .jin an zai .chang feng po lang hui you shi .zhi gua yun fan ji cang hai .bai ri deng shan wang feng huo .huang hun yin ma bang jiao he .xing ren diao dou feng sha an .gong zhu pi pa you yuan duo .ye yun wan li wu cheng guo .yu xue fen fen lian da mo .hu yan ai ming ye ye fei .hu er yan lei shuang shuang luo .wen dao yu men you bei zhe .ying jiang xing ming zhu qing che .nian nian zhan gu mai huang wai .kong jian pu tao ru han jia .

万木禁受不住(zhu)严寒快要摧折，梅树汲取地下暖气生机独(du)回。
1.红树：开红花的(de)树，或落日反照的树，非指秋天的红叶。　　一碗饭，一碗汤，得到它就能活下去，不得到它就会饿死。可是轻蔑地呼喝着给人吃(chi)，饥饿的行人也不愿接受；用脚踢给别人吃，乞丐也因轻视而不肯接受。
⑺白帝：神话中的五天帝之一，是西方之神。华山是西岳，故属白帝。道家以西方属金，故称白帝为西方之金精。慎蒙《名山诸胜一览记》：“李白诗‘石作莲花云作台’，今观山形，外罗诸山如莲瓣，中间三峰特出如莲心，其下如云台峰，自远望之，宛(wan)如青色莲花，开于云台之上(shang)也。”我们尽情的玩乐观赏美妙的风光,发现只有我们变老了。
8、有仍：国名，今山东济宁县。后缗是有仍国的女儿，所以逃归娘家。临颍美人李十二娘，在白帝城表演，她和此曲起舞，精妙无比神采飞扬。
（2）幽谷：幽深的山谷。燕子翩翩飞翔归去啊，寒蝉寂寞也不发响声(sheng)。
鲁有执(zhi)：长竿入门者拿绿树葱郁浓阴夏日漫长，楼台的倒影映入了池塘。
⑼石眼：石缝。阴根：在土中生长蔓延的竹鞭，竹笋即从鞭上生出。脉：一作“陌”。荷花塘外的那边，传来了声声轻雷。
⑵半轮秋：半圆的秋月，即上弦月或下弦月。关内关外尽是黄黄芦草。
9、欹（qī）：倾斜，斜靠。我孤身在外，无依无靠，空自留在这里听那子规的凄鸣，褒城里传来公鸡报晓之声。
26. 不可胜食：吃不完。胜，尽。

　　玩月思友，由月忆人。感慨清光依旧、人生聚散无常。诗的开头点出“南斋”；二句点“明月”；三、四句触发主题，写玩月；五、六句由玩月而生发，写流光如逝，世事多变；七、八句转写忆故友；最后写故人的文章道德，恰如兰杜，芳香四溢，闻名遐迩。全诗笔不离月，景不离情，情景交融，景情相济，有很强的艺术感染力。
　　如果说第三章言文王“修身”的话，那么最后两章就是“治国”了，所以方玉润说：“末二章承上‘家邦’推广言之。”（《诗经原始》）第四章的前两句“肆戎疾不殄，烈假不瑕”，谓文王好善修德，所以天下太平，外无西戎之患，内无病灾之忧。诸家有关“瑕”、“殄”二字的解释五花八门，繁不胜繁。其实这二字意义相近，《尚书·康诰》有“不汝瑕殄”，“瑕”“殄”并称，孔安国传曰：“我不汝罪过，不绝亡汝。”可见二字均有伤害、灭绝之义。第四章后两句“不闻亦式，不谏亦入”各家的解释亦是五花八门，越说越糊涂，还是《诗集传》说得最简单明了：“虽事之无所前闻者，而亦无不合于法度。虽无谏诤之者，而亦未尝不入于善。”
　　在本诗中陶渊明却勇敢地反对了传统观念，冲破了陈旧的精神枷锁，毅然地告别官场，辞去了彭泽县令，不做劳心治人的“君子”；决然地返回家园，心甘情愿地扛起了锄头，辛勤地躬耕垄亩，偏要做个劳力的“小人”。这等无畏的精神，美好的人格，高尚的境界，赢得了后世多少人的称赞、钦佩乃至效仿。
　　“大漠风尘日色昏”，由于我国西北部的阿尔泰山、天山、昆仑山均呈自西向东或向东南走向，在河西走廊和青海东部形成一个大喇叭口，风力极大，狂风起时，飞沙走石。因此，“日色昏”接在“大漠风尘”后面，并不是指天色已晚，而是指风沙遮天蔽日。但这不光表现气候的暴烈，它作为一种背景出现，还自然对军事形势起着烘托、暗示的作用。在这种情势下，唐军采取什么行动呢？不是辕门紧闭，被动防守，而是主动出征。为了减少风的强大阻力，加快行军速度，战士们半卷着红旗，向前挺进。这两句于“大漠风尘”之中，渲染红旗指引的一支劲旅，好像不是自然界在逞威，而是这支军队卷尘挟风，如一柄利剑，直指敌营。这就把读者的心弦扣得紧紧的，让人感到一场恶战已迫在眉睫。这支横行大漠的健儿，将要演出怎样一种惊心动魄的场面呢？在这种悬想之下，再读后两句：“前军夜战洮河北，已报生擒吐谷浑。”这可以说是一落一起。读者的悬想是紧跟着刚才那支军队展开的，可是在沙场上大显身手的机会却并没有轮到他们。就在中途，捷报传来，前锋部队已在夜战中大获全胜，连敌酋也被生擒。情节发展得既快又不免有点出人意料，但却完全合乎情理，因为前两句所写的那种大军出征时迅猛、凌厉的声势，已经充分暗示了唐军的士气和威力。这支强大剽悍的增援部队，既衬托出前锋的胜利并非偶然，又能见出唐军兵力绰绰有余，胜券在握。
　　这首诗，可以看作是李白读《刺客列传》后所作的咏史诗；也可以看作是李白顿悟生命价值即兴抒发的豪情。
　　首联两句是说先向砍柴的人打听卢岵山居的所在地，然后远远地认准方向走去。通过“问樵客”、“遥识”的写法，暗示出卢岵山居的幽僻。作者不称砍柴的人为樵子、樵夫，而称之为“樵客”，意味着这个砍柴者并不是俗人，这对于诗的气氛也起着一定的渲染作用。
　　此诗二、四两句写景既雄峻清爽，又纤丽典雅。诗人是完全沉醉在这如画的山景里了吗？还是借大自然的景致来荡涤自己胸中之块垒呢？也许两者都有，不必强解。
　　《十五从军征》，是一首暴露封建社会不合理的兵役制度的汉代乐府民歌，反映了劳动人民在当时黑暗的兵役制度下的不平和痛苦。这首诗描绘了一位少年从军65年返回故里时家破人亡的情景，揭露了封建兵役制度给劳动人民带来的苦难。也同时说明了作者讨厌战争，渴望和平，关心劳动人民。