晨鸡两遍报更阑，刁斗无声晓漏干。暖日映山调正气，东风入树舞残寒。轩车欲识人间感，献岁须来帝里看。才酌屠苏定年齿，坐中惟笑鬓毛斑。陈胜者，阳城人也，字涉。吴广者，阳夏人也，字叔。陈涉少时，尝与人佣耕，辍耕之垄上，怅恨久之，曰：“苟富贵，无相忘。”佣者笑而应曰：“若为佣耕，何富贵也？”陈涉太息曰：“嗟乎！燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉！”二世元年七月，发闾左谪戍渔阳，九百人屯大泽乡。陈胜﹑吴广皆次当行，为屯长。会天大雨，道不通，度已失期。失期，法皆斩。陈胜﹑吴广乃谋曰：“今亡亦死，举大计亦死；等死，死国可乎？”陈胜曰：“天下苦秦久矣。吾闻二世少子也，不当立，当立者乃公子扶苏。扶苏以数谏故，上使外将兵。今或闻无罪，二世杀之。百姓多闻其贤，未知其死也。项燕为楚将，数有功，爱士卒，楚人怜之。或以为死，或以为亡。今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏﹑项燕，为天下唱，宜多应者。”吴广以为然。乃行卜。卜者知其指意，曰：“足下事皆成，有功。然足下卜之鬼乎！”陈胜﹑吴广喜，念鬼，曰：“此教我先威众耳。”乃丹书帛曰“陈胜王”，置人所罾鱼腹中。卒买鱼烹食，得鱼腹中书，固以怪之矣。又间令吴广之次所旁丛祠中，夜篝火，狐鸣唿曰：“大楚兴，陈胜王。”卒皆夜惊恐。旦日，卒中往往语，皆指目陈胜。吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者。将尉醉，广故数言欲亡，忿恚尉，令辱之，以激怒其众。尉果笞广。尉剑挺，广起，夺而杀尉。陈胜佐之，并杀两尉。召令徒属曰：“公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当斩。藉第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。且壮士不死即已，死即举大名耳，王侯将相宁nìng有种乎！”徒属皆曰：“敬受命。”乃诈称公子扶苏﹑项燕，从民欲也。袒右，称大楚。为坛而盟，祭以尉首。陈胜自立为将军，吴广为都尉。攻大泽乡，收而攻蕲qí。蕲下，乃令符离人葛婴将兵徇蕲以东。攻铚、酂、苦、柘、谯皆下之。行收兵。比至陈，车六七百乘，骑千余，卒数万人。攻陈，陈守令皆不在，独守丞与战谯门中。弗胜，守丞死，乃入据陈。数日，号令召三老﹑豪杰与皆来会计事。三老﹑豪杰皆曰：“将军身被坚执锐，伐无道，诛暴秦，复立楚国之社稷jì，功宜为王。”陈涉乃立为王，号为张楚。当此时，诸郡县苦秦吏者，皆刑其长吏，杀之以应陈涉。乃以吴叔为假王，监诸将以西击荥阳。令陈人武臣、张耳、陈馀徇赵地，令汝阴人邓宗徇九江郡。当此时，楚兵数千人为聚者，不可胜数。葛婴至东城，立襄强为楚王。婴后闻陈王已立，因杀襄强，还报。至陈，陈王诛杀葛婴。陈王令魏人周市北徇魏地。吴广围荥阳。李由为三川守，守荥阳，吴叔弗能下。陈王征国之豪杰与计，以上蔡人房君蔡赐为上柱国。周文，陈之贤人也，尝为项燕军视日，事春申君，自言习兵，陈王与之将军印，西击秦。行收兵至关，车千乘，卒数十万，至戏，军焉。秦令少府章邯免郦山徒﹑人奴产子生，悉发以击楚大军，尽败之。周文败，走出关，止次曹阳二三月。章邯追败之，复走次渑池十余日。章邯击，大破之。周文自刭，军遂不战。武臣到邯郸，自立为赵王，陈馀为大将军，张耳、召骚为左右丞相。陈王怒，捕系武臣等家室，欲诛之。柱国曰：“秦未亡而诛赵王将相家属，此生一秦也。不如因而立之。”陈王乃遣使者贺赵，而徙系武臣等家属宫中，而封耳子张敖为成都君，趣赵兵，亟入关。赵王将相相与谋曰：“王王赵，非楚意也。楚已诛秦，必加兵于赵。计莫如毋西兵，使使北徇燕地以自广也。赵南据大河，北有燕、代，楚虽胜秦，不敢制赵。若楚不胜秦，必重赵。赵乘秦之弊，可以得志于天下。”赵王以为然，因不西兵，而遣故上谷卒史韩广将兵北徇燕地。燕故贵人豪杰谓韩广曰：“楚已立王，赵又已立王。燕虽小，亦万乘之国也，原将军立为燕王。”韩广曰：“广母在赵，不可。”燕人曰：“赵方西忧秦，南忧楚，其力不能禁我。且以楚之彊，不敢害赵王将相之家，赵独安敢害将军之家！”韩广以为然，乃自立为燕王。居数月，赵奉燕王母及家属归之燕。当此之时，诸将之徇地者，不可胜数。周市北徇地至狄，狄人田儋杀狄令，自立为齐王，以齐反击周市。市军散，还至魏地，欲立魏后故宁陵君咎为魏王。时咎在陈王所，不得之魏。魏地已定，欲相与立周市为魏王，周市不肯。使者五反，陈王乃立宁陵君咎为魏王，遣之国。周市卒为相。将军田臧等相与谋曰：“周章军已破矣，秦兵旦暮至，我围荥阳城弗能下，秦军至，必大败。不如少遗兵，足以守荥阳，悉精兵迎秦军。今假王骄，不知兵权，不可与计，非诛之，事恐败。”因相与矫王令以诛吴叔，献其首于陈王。陈王使使赐田臧楚令尹印，使为上将。田臧乃使诸将李归等守荥阳城，自以精兵西迎秦军于敖仓。与战，田臧死，军破。章邯进兵击李归等荥阳下，破之，李归等死。阳城人邓说将兵居郯，章邯别将击破之，邓说军散走陈。铚人伍徐将兵居许，章邯击破之，伍徐军皆散走陈。陈王诛邓说。陈王初立时，陵人秦嘉﹑铚人董譄﹑符离人朱鸡石﹑取虑人郑布﹑徐人丁疾等皆特起，将兵围东海守庆于郯。陈王闻，乃使武平君畔为将军，监郯下军。秦嘉不受命，嘉自立为大司马，恶属武平君。告军吏曰：“武平君年少，不知兵事，勿听！”因矫以王命杀武平君畔。章邯已破伍徐，击陈，柱国房君死。章邯又进兵击陈西张贺军。陈王出监战，军破，张贺死。腊月，陈王之汝阴，还至下城父，其御庄贾杀以降秦。陈胜葬砀，谥曰隐王。陈王故涓人将军吕臣为仓头军，起新阳，攻陈下之，杀庄贾，复以陈为楚。初，陈王至陈，令铚人宋留将兵定南阳，入武关。留已徇南阳，闻陈王死，南阳复为秦。宋留不能入武关，乃东至新蔡，遇秦军，宋留以军降秦。秦传留至咸阳，车裂留以徇。秦嘉等闻陈王军破出走，乃立景驹为楚王，引兵之方与，欲击秦军定陶下。使公孙庆使齐王，欲与并力俱进。齐王曰：“闻陈王战败，不知其死生，楚安得不请而立王！”公孙庆曰：“齐不请楚而立王，楚何故请齐而立王！且楚首事，当令于天下。”田儋诛杀公孙庆。秦左右校复攻陈，下之。吕将军走，收兵复聚。鄱盗当阳君黥布之兵相收，复击秦左右校，破之青波，复以陈为楚。会项梁立怀王孙心为楚王。陈胜王凡六月。已为王，王陈。其故人尝与佣耕者闻之，之陈，扣宫门曰：“吾欲见涉。”宫门令欲缚之。自辩数，乃置，不肯为通。陈王出，遮道而唿涉。陈王闻之，乃召见，载与俱归。入宫，见殿屋帷帐，客曰：“伙颐！涉之为王沉沉者！”楚人谓多为伙，故天下传之，伙涉为王，由陈涉始。客出入愈益发舒，言陈王故情。或说陈王曰：“客愚无知，颛妄言，轻威。”陈王斩之。诸陈王故人皆自引去，由是无亲陈王者。陈王以朱房为中正，胡武为司过，主司群臣。诸将徇地，至，令之不是者，系而罪之，以苛察为忠。其所不善者，弗下吏，辄自治之。陈王信用之。诸将以其故不亲附，此其所以败也。陈胜虽已死，其所置遣侯王将相竟亡秦，由涉首事也。高祖时为陈涉置守頉三十家砀，至今血食。褚先生曰：地形险阻，所以为固也；兵革刑法，所以为治也。犹未足恃也。夫先王以仁义为本，而以固塞文法为枝叶，岂不然哉！吾闻贾生之称曰：“秦孝公据肴函之固，拥雍州之地，君臣固守，以窥周室，有席卷天下、包举宇内、囊括四海之意，并吞八荒之心。当是时也，商君佐之，内立法度，务耕织，修守战之具；外连衡而斗诸侯。于是秦人拱手而取西河之外。“孝公既没，惠文、武、昭襄蒙故业因遗策，南取汉中，西举巴蜀，东割膏腴之地，收要害之郡。诸侯恐惧，会盟而谋弱秦，不爱珍器、重宝、肥饶之地，以致天下之士，合从缔交，相与为一。当此之时，齐有孟尝，赵有平原，楚有春申，魏有信陵。此四君者，皆明智而忠信，宽厚而爱人，尊贤而重士，约从离横，兼韩、魏、燕、赵、宋、卫、中山之众。于是六国之士，有宁越、徐尚、苏秦、杜赫之属为之谋，齐明、周最、陈轸、召滑、楼缓、翟景、苏厉、乐毅之徒通其意，吴起、孙膑、带佗、倪良、王廖、田忌、廉颇、赵奢之伦制其兵。尝以十倍之地，百万之众，叩关而攻秦。秦人开关而延敌，九国之师逡巡遁逃而不敢进。秦无亡矢遗镞之费，而天下诸侯已困矣。于是从散约解，争割地以赂秦。秦有余力而制其弊，追亡逐北，伏尸百万，流血飘橹。因利乘便，宰割天下，分裂河山。强国请服，弱国入朝。“施及孝文王、庄襄王，享国之日浅，国家无事。“及至始皇，奋六世之余烈，振长策而御宇内，吞二周而亡诸侯，履至尊而制六合，执敲朴以鞭笞天下，威振四海。南取百越之地，以为桂林、象郡。百越之君，俯首系颈，委命下吏。乃使蒙恬北筑长城而守藩篱，却匈奴七百余里。胡人不敢南下而牧马，士不敢弯弓而报怨。于是废先王之道，燔百家之言，以愚黔首；隳名城，杀豪俊，收天下之兵聚之咸阳，销锋鍉，铸以为金人十二，以弱天下之民。然后践华为城，因河为池，据亿丈之城、临不测之溪以为固。良将劲驽，守要害之处；信臣精卒，陈利兵而谁何。天下已定，始皇之心，自以为关中之固，金城千里，子孙帝王万世之业也。“始皇既没，余威震于殊俗。 然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子，氓隶之人，而迁徙之徒也；材能不及中人，非有仲尼、墨翟之贤，陶朱、猗顿之富。蹑足行伍之间，倔起阡陌之中，率罢散之卒，将数百之众，转而攻秦，斩木为兵，揭竿为旗，天下云集而响应，赢粮而景从。山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣。“且夫天下非小弱也，雍州之地，肴函之固，自若也；陈涉之位，非尊于齐、楚、燕、赵、韩、魏、宋、卫、中山之君也；锄耰棘矜，不铦于钩戟长铩也；适戍之众，非抗于九国之师也；深谋远虑，行军用兵之道，非及向时之士也。然而成败异变，功业相反。试使山东之国与陈涉度长絜大，比权量力，则不可同年而语矣。然秦以区区之地，致万乘之势，序八州而朝同列，百有余年矣。然后以六合为家，肴函为宫。一夫作难而七庙隳，身死人手，为天下笑者，何也？仁义不施而攻守之势异也。”【索隐述赞】天下匈匈，海内乏主，掎鹿争捷，瞻乌爰处。陈胜首事，厥号张楚。鬼怪是凭，鸿鹄自许。葛婴东下，周文西拒。始亲朱房，又任胡武。伙颐见杀，腹心不与。庄贾何人，反噬城父！钟山之英，草堂之灵，驰烟驿路，勒移山庭：夫以耿介拔俗之标，萧洒出尘之想，度白雪以方洁，干青云而直上，吾方知之矣。若其亭亭物表，皎皎霞外，芥千金而不眄，屣万乘其如脱，闻凤吹于洛浦，值薪歌于延濑，固亦有焉。岂期终始参差，苍黄翻覆，泪翟子之悲，恸朱公之哭。乍回迹以心染，或先贞而后黩，何其谬哉！呜唿，尚生不存，仲氏既往，山阿寂寥，千载谁赏！世有周子，隽俗之士，既文既博，亦玄亦史。然而学遁东鲁，习隐南郭，偶吹草堂，滥巾北岳。诱我松桂，欺我云壑。虽假容于江皋，乃缨情于好爵。其始至也，将欲排巢父，拉许由，傲百氏，蔑王侯。风情张日，霜气横秋。或叹幽人长往，或怨王孙不游。谈空空于释部，覈玄玄于道流，务光何足比，涓子不能俦。及其鸣驺入谷，鹤书赴陇，形驰魄散，志变神动。尔乃眉轩席次，袂耸筵上，焚芰制而裂荷衣，抗尘容而走俗状。风云凄其带愤，石泉咽而下怆，望林峦而有失，顾草木而如丧。至其钮金章，绾墨绶，跨属城之雄，冠百里之首。张英风于海甸，驰妙誉于浙右。道帙长摈，法筵久埋。敲扑喧嚣犯其虑，牒诉倥偬装其怀。琴歌既断，酒赋无续，常绸缪于结课，每纷纶于折狱，笼张赵于往图，架卓鲁于前箓，希踪三辅豪，驰声九州牧。使我高霞孤映，明月独举，青松落阴，白云谁侣？磵户摧绝无与归，石径荒凉徒延伫。至于还飙入幕，写雾出楹，蕙帐空兮夜鹤怨，山人去兮晓猨惊。昔闻投簪逸海岸，今见解兰缚尘缨。于是南岳献嘲，北陇腾笑，列壑争讥，攒峰竦诮。慨游子之我欺，悲无人以赴吊。故其林惭无尽，涧愧不歇，秋桂遣风，春萝罢月。骋西山之逸议，驰东皋之素谒。今又促装下邑，浪栧上京，虽情殷于魏阙，或假步于山扃。岂可使芳杜厚颜，薜荔蒙耻，碧岭再辱，丹崖重滓，尘游躅于蕙路，污渌池以洗耳。宜扃岫幌，掩云关，敛轻雾，藏鸣湍。截来辕于谷口，杜妄辔于郊端。于是丛条瞋胆，叠颖怒魄。或飞柯以折轮，乍低枝而扫迹。请回俗士驾，为君谢逋客。采莲人和采莲歌，柳外兰舟过。不管鸳鸯梦惊破，夜如何？有人独上江楼卧。伤心莫唱，南朝旧曲，司马泪痕多。记烧烛、雁门高处。积雪封城，冻云迷路。添尽香煤，紫貂相拥夜深语。苦寒如许。难和尔、凄凉句。一片望乡愁，饮不醉、垆头驼乳。无处，问长城旧主，但见武灵遗墓。沙飞似箭，乱穿向、草中狐兔。那能使、口北关南，更重作、并州门户。且莫吊沙场，收拾秦弓归去。红妆春骑。踏月影、竿旗穿市。望不尽、楼台歌舞，习习香尘莲步底。箫声断、约彩鸾归去，未怕金吾呵醉。甚辇路、喧阗且止。听得念奴歌起。 父老犹记宣和事。抱铜仙、清泪如水。还转盼、沙河多丽。滉漾明光连邸第。帘影冻、散红光成绮。月浸葡萄十里。看往来、神仙才子，肯把菱花扑碎。 肠断竹马儿童，空见说、三千乐指。等多时春不归来，到春时欲睡。又说向、灯前拥髻。暗滴鲛珠坠。便当日、亲见霓裳，天上人间梦里。三尺龙泉剑，匣里无人见。一张落雁弓，百支金花箭。为国竭忠贞，苦处曾征战。先望立功勋，后见君王面。江山自雄丽，风露与高寒。寄声月姊，借我玉鉴此中看。幽壑鱼龙悲啸，倒影星辰摇动，海气夜漫漫。涌起白银阙，危驻紫金山。 表独立，飞霞佩，切云冠。漱冰濯雪，眇视万里一毫端。回首三山何处，闻道群仙笑我，要我欲俱还。挥手从此去，翳凤更骖鸾。

chen ji liang bian bao geng lan .diao dou wu sheng xiao lou gan .nuan ri ying shan diao zheng qi .dong feng ru shu wu can han .xuan che yu shi ren jian gan .xian sui xu lai di li kan .cai zhuo tu su ding nian chi .zuo zhong wei xiao bin mao ban .chen sheng zhe .yang cheng ren ye .zi she .wu guang zhe .yang xia ren ye .zi shu .chen she shao shi .chang yu ren yong geng .chuo geng zhi long shang .chang hen jiu zhi .yue ..gou fu gui .wu xiang wang ..yong zhe xiao er ying yue ..ruo wei yong geng .he fu gui ye ..chen she tai xi yue ..jie hu .yan que an zhi hong gu zhi zhi zai ..er shi yuan nian qi yue .fa lv zuo zhe shu yu yang .jiu bai ren tun da ze xiang .chen sheng .wu guang jie ci dang xing .wei tun chang .hui tian da yu .dao bu tong .du yi shi qi .shi qi .fa jie zhan .chen sheng .wu guang nai mou yue ..jin wang yi si .ju da ji yi si .deng si .si guo ke hu ..chen sheng yue ..tian xia ku qin jiu yi .wu wen er shi shao zi ye .bu dang li .dang li zhe nai gong zi fu su .fu su yi shu jian gu .shang shi wai jiang bing .jin huo wen wu zui .er shi sha zhi .bai xing duo wen qi xian .wei zhi qi si ye .xiang yan wei chu jiang .shu you gong .ai shi zu .chu ren lian zhi .huo yi wei si .huo yi wei wang .jin cheng yi wu zhong zha zi cheng gong zi fu su .xiang yan .wei tian xia chang .yi duo ying zhe ..wu guang yi wei ran .nai xing bo .bo zhe zhi qi zhi yi .yue ..zu xia shi jie cheng .you gong .ran zu xia bo zhi gui hu ..chen sheng .wu guang xi .nian gui .yue ..ci jiao wo xian wei zhong er ..nai dan shu bo yue .chen sheng wang ..zhi ren suo zeng yu fu zhong .zu mai yu peng shi .de yu fu zhong shu .gu yi guai zhi yi .you jian ling wu guang zhi ci suo pang cong ci zhong .ye gou huo .hu ming hu yue ..da chu xing .chen sheng wang ..zu jie ye jing kong .dan ri .zu zhong wang wang yu .jie zhi mu chen sheng .wu guang su ai ren .shi zu duo wei yong zhe .jiang wei zui .guang gu shu yan yu wang .fen hui wei .ling ru zhi .yi ji nu qi zhong .wei guo chi guang .wei jian ting .guang qi .duo er sha wei .chen sheng zuo zhi .bing sha liang wei .zhao ling tu shu yue ..gong deng yu yu .jie yi shi qi .shi qi dang zhan .jie di ling wu zhan .er shu si zhe gu shi liu qi .qie zhuang shi bu si ji yi .si ji ju da ming er .wang hou jiang xiang ning n.ngyou zhong hu ..tu shu jie yue ..jing shou ming ..nai zha cheng gong zi fu su .xiang yan .cong min yu ye .tan you .cheng da chu .wei tan er meng .ji yi wei shou .chen sheng zi li wei jiang jun .wu guang wei du wei .gong da ze xiang .shou er gong qi q..qi xia .nai ling fu li ren ge ying jiang bing xun qi yi dong .gong zhi .zan .ku .zhe .qiao jie xia zhi .xing shou bing .bi zhi chen .che liu qi bai cheng .qi qian yu .zu shu wan ren .gong chen .chen shou ling jie bu zai .du shou cheng yu zhan qiao men zhong .fu sheng .shou cheng si .nai ru ju chen .shu ri .hao ling zhao san lao .hao jie yu jie lai hui ji shi .san lao .hao jie jie yue ..jiang jun shen bei jian zhi rui .fa wu dao .zhu bao qin .fu li chu guo zhi she ji j..gong yi wei wang ..chen she nai li wei wang .hao wei zhang chu .dang ci shi .zhu jun xian ku qin li zhe .jie xing qi chang li .sha zhi yi ying chen she .nai yi wu shu wei jia wang .jian zhu jiang yi xi ji ying yang .ling chen ren wu chen .zhang er .chen yu xun zhao di .ling ru yin ren deng zong xun jiu jiang jun .dang ci shi .chu bing shu qian ren wei ju zhe .bu ke sheng shu .ge ying zhi dong cheng .li xiang qiang wei chu wang .ying hou wen chen wang yi li .yin sha xiang qiang .huan bao .zhi chen .chen wang zhu sha ge ying .chen wang ling wei ren zhou shi bei xun wei di .wu guang wei ying yang .li you wei san chuan shou .shou ying yang .wu shu fu neng xia .chen wang zheng guo zhi hao jie yu ji .yi shang cai ren fang jun cai ci wei shang zhu guo .zhou wen .chen zhi xian ren ye .chang wei xiang yan jun shi ri .shi chun shen jun .zi yan xi bing .chen wang yu zhi jiang jun yin .xi ji qin .xing shou bing zhi guan .che qian cheng .zu shu shi wan .zhi xi .jun yan .qin ling shao fu zhang han mian li shan tu .ren nu chan zi sheng .xi fa yi ji chu da jun .jin bai zhi .zhou wen bai .zou chu guan .zhi ci cao yang er san yue .zhang han zhui bai zhi .fu zou ci sheng chi shi yu ri .zhang han ji .da po zhi .zhou wen zi jing .jun sui bu zhan .wu chen dao han dan .zi li wei zhao wang .chen yu wei da jiang jun .zhang er .zhao sao wei zuo you cheng xiang .chen wang nu .bo xi wu chen deng jia shi .yu zhu zhi .zhu guo yue ..qin wei wang er zhu zhao wang jiang xiang jia shu .ci sheng yi qin ye .bu ru yin er li zhi ..chen wang nai qian shi zhe he zhao .er xi xi wu chen deng jia shu gong zhong .er feng er zi zhang ao wei cheng du jun .qu zhao bing .ji ru guan .zhao wang jiang xiang xiang yu mou yue ..wang wang zhao .fei chu yi ye .chu yi zhu qin .bi jia bing yu zhao .ji mo ru wu xi bing .shi shi bei xun yan di yi zi guang ye .zhao nan ju da he .bei you yan .dai .chu sui sheng qin .bu gan zhi zhao .ruo chu bu sheng qin .bi zhong zhao .zhao cheng qin zhi bi .ke yi de zhi yu tian xia ..zhao wang yi wei ran .yin bu xi bing .er qian gu shang gu zu shi han guang jiang bing bei xun yan di .yan gu gui ren hao jie wei han guang yue ..chu yi li wang .zhao you yi li wang .yan sui xiao .yi wan cheng zhi guo ye .yuan jiang jun li wei yan wang ..han guang yue ..guang mu zai zhao .bu ke ..yan ren yue ..zhao fang xi you qin .nan you chu .qi li bu neng jin wo .qie yi chu zhi jiang .bu gan hai zhao wang jiang xiang zhi jia .zhao du an gan hai jiang jun zhi jia ..han guang yi wei ran .nai zi li wei yan wang .ju shu yue .zhao feng yan wang mu ji jia shu gui zhi yan .dang ci zhi shi .zhu jiang zhi xun di zhe .bu ke sheng shu .zhou shi bei xun di zhi di .di ren tian dan sha di ling .zi li wei qi wang .yi qi fan ji zhou shi .shi jun san .huan zhi wei di .yu li wei hou gu ning ling jun jiu wei wei wang .shi jiu zai chen wang suo .bu de zhi wei .wei di yi ding .yu xiang yu li zhou shi wei wei wang .zhou shi bu ken .shi zhe wu fan .chen wang nai li ning ling jun jiu wei wei wang .qian zhi guo .zhou shi zu wei xiang .jiang jun tian zang deng xiang yu mou yue ..zhou zhang jun yi po yi .qin bing dan mu zhi .wo wei ying yang cheng fu neng xia .qin jun zhi .bi da bai .bu ru shao yi bing .zu yi shou ying yang .xi jing bing ying qin jun .jin jia wang jiao .bu zhi bing quan .bu ke yu ji .fei zhu zhi .shi kong bai ..yin xiang yu jiao wang ling yi zhu wu shu .xian qi shou yu chen wang .chen wang shi shi ci tian zang chu ling yin yin .shi wei shang jiang .tian zang nai shi zhu jiang li gui deng shou ying yang cheng .zi yi jing bing xi ying qin jun yu ao cang .yu zhan .tian zang si .jun po .zhang han jin bing ji li gui deng ying yang xia .po zhi .li gui deng si .yang cheng ren deng shuo jiang bing ju tan .zhang han bie jiang ji po zhi .deng shuo jun san zou chen .zhi ren wu xu jiang bing ju xu .zhang han ji po zhi .wu xu jun jie san zou chen .chen wang zhu deng shuo .chen wang chu li shi .ling ren qin jia .zhi ren dong zeng .fu li ren zhu ji shi .qu lv ren zheng bu .xu ren ding ji deng jie te qi .jiang bing wei dong hai shou qing yu tan .chen wang wen .nai shi wu ping jun pan wei jiang jun .jian tan xia jun .qin jia bu shou ming .jia zi li wei da si ma .e shu wu ping jun .gao jun li yue ..wu ping jun nian shao .bu zhi bing shi .wu ting ..yin jiao yi wang ming sha wu ping jun pan .zhang han yi po wu xu .ji chen .zhu guo fang jun si .zhang han you jin bing ji chen xi zhang he jun .chen wang chu jian zhan .jun po .zhang he si .la yue .chen wang zhi ru yin .huan zhi xia cheng fu .qi yu zhuang jia sha yi jiang qin .chen sheng zang dang .shi yue yin wang .chen wang gu juan ren jiang jun lv chen wei cang tou jun .qi xin yang .gong chen xia zhi .sha zhuang jia .fu yi chen wei chu .chu .chen wang zhi chen .ling zhi ren song liu jiang bing ding nan yang .ru wu guan .liu yi xun nan yang .wen chen wang si .nan yang fu wei qin .song liu bu neng ru wu guan .nai dong zhi xin cai .yu qin jun .song liu yi jun jiang qin .qin chuan liu zhi xian yang .che lie liu yi xun .qin jia deng wen chen wang jun po chu zou .nai li jing ju wei chu wang .yin bing zhi fang yu .yu ji qin jun ding tao xia .shi gong sun qing shi qi wang .yu yu bing li ju jin .qi wang yue ..wen chen wang zhan bai .bu zhi qi si sheng .chu an de bu qing er li wang ..gong sun qing yue ..qi bu qing chu er li wang .chu he gu qing qi er li wang .qie chu shou shi .dang ling yu tian xia ..tian dan zhu sha gong sun qing .qin zuo you xiao fu gong chen .xia zhi .lv jiang jun zou .shou bing fu ju .po dao dang yang jun qing bu zhi bing xiang shou .fu ji qin zuo you xiao .po zhi qing bo .fu yi chen wei chu .hui xiang liang li huai wang sun xin wei chu wang .chen sheng wang fan liu yue .yi wei wang .wang chen .qi gu ren chang yu yong geng zhe wen zhi .zhi chen .kou gong men yue ..wu yu jian she ..gong men ling yu fu zhi .zi bian shu .nai zhi .bu ken wei tong .chen wang chu .zhe dao er hu she .chen wang wen zhi .nai zhao jian .zai yu ju gui .ru gong .jian dian wu wei zhang .ke yue ..huo yi .she zhi wei wang chen chen zhe ..chu ren wei duo wei huo .gu tian xia chuan zhi .huo she wei wang .you chen she shi .ke chu ru yu yi fa shu .yan chen wang gu qing .huo shuo chen wang yue ..ke yu wu zhi .zhuan wang yan .qing wei ..chen wang zhan zhi .zhu chen wang gu ren jie zi yin qu .you shi wu qin chen wang zhe .chen wang yi zhu fang wei zhong zheng .hu wu wei si guo .zhu si qun chen .zhu jiang xun di .zhi .ling zhi bu shi zhe .xi er zui zhi .yi ke cha wei zhong .qi suo bu shan zhe .fu xia li .zhe zi zhi zhi .chen wang xin yong zhi .zhu jiang yi qi gu bu qin fu .ci qi suo yi bai ye .chen sheng sui yi si .qi suo zhi qian hou wang jiang xiang jing wang qin .you she shou shi ye .gao zu shi wei chen she zhi shou yi san shi jia dang .zhi jin xue shi .chu xian sheng yue .di xing xian zu .suo yi wei gu ye .bing ge xing fa .suo yi wei zhi ye .you wei zu shi ye .fu xian wang yi ren yi wei ben .er yi gu sai wen fa wei zhi ye .qi bu ran zai .wu wen jia sheng zhi cheng yue ..qin xiao gong ju yao han zhi gu .yong yong zhou zhi di .jun chen gu shou .yi kui zhou shi .you xi juan tian xia .bao ju yu nei .nang kuo si hai zhi yi .bing tun ba huang zhi xin .dang shi shi ye .shang jun zuo zhi .nei li fa du .wu geng zhi .xiu shou zhan zhi ju .wai lian heng er dou zhu hou .yu shi qin ren gong shou er qu xi he zhi wai ..xiao gong ji mei .hui wen .wu .zhao xiang meng gu ye yin yi ce .nan qu han zhong .xi ju ba shu .dong ge gao yu zhi di .shou yao hai zhi jun .zhu hou kong ju .hui meng er mou ruo qin .bu ai zhen qi .zhong bao .fei rao zhi di .yi zhi tian xia zhi shi .he cong di jiao .xiang yu wei yi .dang ci zhi shi .qi you meng chang .zhao you ping yuan .chu you chun shen .wei you xin ling .ci si jun zhe .jie ming zhi er zhong xin .kuan hou er ai ren .zun xian er zhong shi .yue cong li heng .jian han .wei .yan .zhao .song .wei .zhong shan zhi zhong .yu shi liu guo zhi shi .you ning yue .xu shang .su qin .du he zhi shu wei zhi mou .qi ming .zhou zui .chen zhen .zhao hua .lou huan .di jing .su li .le yi zhi tu tong qi yi .wu qi .sun bin .dai tuo .ni liang .wang liao .tian ji .lian po .zhao she zhi lun zhi qi bing .chang yi shi bei zhi di .bai wan zhi zhong .kou guan er gong qin .qin ren kai guan er yan di .jiu guo zhi shi qun xun dun tao er bu gan jin .qin wu wang shi yi zu zhi fei .er tian xia zhu hou yi kun yi .yu shi cong san yue jie .zheng ge di yi lu qin .qin you yu li er zhi qi bi .zhui wang zhu bei .fu shi bai wan .liu xue piao lu .yin li cheng bian .zai ge tian xia .fen lie he shan .qiang guo qing fu .ruo guo ru chao ..shi ji xiao wen wang .zhuang xiang wang .xiang guo zhi ri qian .guo jia wu shi ..ji zhi shi huang .fen liu shi zhi yu lie .zhen chang ce er yu yu nei .tun er zhou er wang zhu hou .lv zhi zun er zhi liu he .zhi qiao pu yi bian chi tian xia .wei zhen si hai .nan qu bai yue zhi di .yi wei gui lin .xiang jun .bai yue zhi jun .fu shou xi jing .wei ming xia li .nai shi meng tian bei zhu chang cheng er shou fan li .que xiong nu qi bai yu li .hu ren bu gan nan xia er mu ma .shi bu gan wan gong er bao yuan .yu shi fei xian wang zhi dao .fan bai jia zhi yan .yi yu qian shou .hui ming cheng .sha hao jun .shou tian xia zhi bing ju zhi xian yang .xiao feng di .zhu yi wei jin ren shi er .yi ruo tian xia zhi min .ran hou jian hua wei cheng .yin he wei chi .ju yi zhang zhi cheng .lin bu ce zhi xi yi wei gu .liang jiang jin nu .shou yao hai zhi chu .xin chen jing zu .chen li bing er shui he .tian xia yi ding .shi huang zhi xin .zi yi wei guan zhong zhi gu .jin cheng qian li .zi sun di wang wan shi zhi ye ye ..shi huang ji mei .yu wei zhen yu shu su . ran chen she weng you sheng shu zhi zi .mang li zhi ren .er qian xi zhi tu ye .cai neng bu ji zhong ren .fei you zhong ni .mo di zhi xian .tao zhu .yi dun zhi fu .nie zu xing wu zhi jian .jue qi qian mo zhi zhong .lv ba san zhi zu .jiang shu bai zhi zhong .zhuan er gong qin .zhan mu wei bing .jie gan wei qi .tian xia yun ji er xiang ying .ying liang er jing cong .shan dong hao jun sui bing qi er wang qin zu yi ..qie fu tian xia fei xiao ruo ye .yong zhou zhi di .yao han zhi gu .zi ruo ye .chen she zhi wei .fei zun yu qi .chu .yan .zhao .han .wei .song .wei .zhong shan zhi jun ye .chu you ji jin .bu xian yu gou ji chang sha ye .shi shu zhi zhong .fei kang yu jiu guo zhi shi ye .shen mou yuan lv .xing jun yong bing zhi dao .fei ji xiang shi zhi shi ye .ran er cheng bai yi bian .gong ye xiang fan .shi shi shan dong zhi guo yu chen she du chang xie da .bi quan liang li .ze bu ke tong nian er yu yi .ran qin yi qu qu zhi di .zhi wan cheng zhi shi .xu ba zhou er chao tong lie .bai you yu nian yi .ran hou yi liu he wei jia .yao han wei gong .yi fu zuo nan er qi miao hui .shen si ren shou .wei tian xia xiao zhe .he ye .ren yi bu shi er gong shou zhi shi yi ye ...suo yin shu zan .tian xia xiong xiong .hai nei fa zhu .ji lu zheng jie .zhan wu yuan chu .chen sheng shou shi .jue hao zhang chu .gui guai shi ping .hong gu zi xu .ge ying dong xia .zhou wen xi ju .shi qin zhu fang .you ren hu wu .huo yi jian sha .fu xin bu yu .zhuang jia he ren .fan shi cheng fu .zhong shan zhi ying .cao tang zhi ling .chi yan yi lu .le yi shan ting .fu yi geng jie ba su zhi biao .xiao sa chu chen zhi xiang .du bai xue yi fang jie .gan qing yun er zhi shang .wu fang zhi zhi yi .ruo qi ting ting wu biao .jiao jiao xia wai .jie qian jin er bu mian .xi wan cheng qi ru tuo .wen feng chui yu luo pu .zhi xin ge yu yan lai .gu yi you yan .qi qi zhong shi can cha .cang huang fan fu .lei di zi zhi bei .tong zhu gong zhi ku .zha hui ji yi xin ran .huo xian zhen er hou du .he qi miu zai .wu hu .shang sheng bu cun .zhong shi ji wang .shan a ji liao .qian zai shui shang .shi you zhou zi .juan su zhi shi .ji wen ji bo .yi xuan yi shi .ran er xue dun dong lu .xi yin nan guo .ou chui cao tang .lan jin bei yue .you wo song gui .qi wo yun he .sui jia rong yu jiang gao .nai ying qing yu hao jue .qi shi zhi ye .jiang yu pai chao fu .la xu you .ao bai shi .mie wang hou .feng qing zhang ri .shuang qi heng qiu .huo tan you ren chang wang .huo yuan wang sun bu you .tan kong kong yu shi bu .he xuan xuan yu dao liu .wu guang he zu bi .juan zi bu neng chou .ji qi ming zou ru gu .he shu fu long .xing chi po san .zhi bian shen dong .er nai mei xuan xi ci .mei song yan shang .fen ji zhi er lie he yi .kang chen rong er zou su zhuang .feng yun qi qi dai fen .shi quan yan er xia chuang .wang lin luan er you shi .gu cao mu er ru sang .zhi qi niu jin zhang .wan mo shou .kua shu cheng zhi xiong .guan bai li zhi shou .zhang ying feng yu hai dian .chi miao yu yu zhe you .dao zhi chang bin .fa yan jiu mai .qiao pu xuan xiao fan qi lv .die su kong zong zhuang qi huai .qin ge ji duan .jiu fu wu xu .chang chou miu yu jie ke .mei fen lun yu zhe yu .long zhang zhao yu wang tu .jia zhuo lu yu qian lu .xi zong san fu hao .chi sheng jiu zhou mu .shi wo gao xia gu ying .ming yue du ju .qing song luo yin .bai yun shui lv .jian hu cui jue wu yu gui .shi jing huang liang tu yan zhu .zhi yu huan biao ru mu .xie wu chu ying .hui zhang kong xi ye he yuan .shan ren qu xi xiao yuan jing .xi wen tou zan yi hai an .jin jian jie lan fu chen ying .yu shi nan yue xian chao .bei long teng xiao .lie he zheng ji .zan feng song qiao .kai you zi zhi wo qi .bei wu ren yi fu diao .gu qi lin can wu jin .jian kui bu xie .qiu gui qian feng .chun luo ba yue .cheng xi shan zhi yi yi .chi dong gao zhi su ye .jin you cu zhuang xia yi .lang yi shang jing .sui qing yin yu wei que .huo jia bu yu shan jiong .qi ke shi fang du hou yan .bi li meng chi .bi ling zai ru .dan ya zhong zi .chen you zhu yu hui lu .wu lu chi yi xi er .yi jiong xiu huang .yan yun guan .lian qing wu .cang ming tuan .jie lai yuan yu gu kou .du wang pei yu jiao duan .yu shi cong tiao chen dan .die ying nu po .huo fei ke yi zhe lun .zha di zhi er sao ji .qing hui su shi jia .wei jun xie bu ke .cai lian ren he cai lian ge .liu wai lan zhou guo .bu guan yuan yang meng jing po .ye ru he .you ren du shang jiang lou wo .shang xin mo chang .nan chao jiu qu .si ma lei hen duo .ji shao zhu .yan men gao chu .ji xue feng cheng .dong yun mi lu .tian jin xiang mei .zi diao xiang yong ye shen yu .ku han ru xu .nan he er .qi liang ju .yi pian wang xiang chou .yin bu zui .lu tou tuo ru .wu chu .wen chang cheng jiu zhu .dan jian wu ling yi mu .sha fei si jian .luan chuan xiang .cao zhong hu tu .na neng shi .kou bei guan nan .geng zhong zuo .bing zhou men hu .qie mo diao sha chang .shou shi qin gong gui qu .hong zhuang chun qi .ta yue ying .gan qi chuan shi .wang bu jin .lou tai ge wu .xi xi xiang chen lian bu di .xiao sheng duan .yue cai luan gui qu .wei pa jin wu he zui .shen nian lu .xuan tian qie zhi .ting de nian nu ge qi . fu lao you ji xuan he shi .bao tong xian .qing lei ru shui .huan zhuan pan .sha he duo li .huang yang ming guang lian di di .lian ying dong .san hong guang cheng qi .yue jin pu tao shi li .kan wang lai .shen xian cai zi .ken ba ling hua pu sui . chang duan zhu ma er tong .kong jian shuo .san qian le zhi .deng duo shi chun bu gui lai .dao chun shi yu shui .you shuo xiang .deng qian yong ji .an di jiao zhu zhui .bian dang ri .qin jian ni shang .tian shang ren jian meng li .san chi long quan jian .xia li wu ren jian .yi zhang luo yan gong .bai zhi jin hua jian .wei guo jie zhong zhen .ku chu zeng zheng zhan .xian wang li gong xun .hou jian jun wang mian .jiang shan zi xiong li .feng lu yu gao han .ji sheng yue zi .jie wo yu jian ci zhong kan .you he yu long bei xiao .dao ying xing chen yao dong .hai qi ye man man .yong qi bai yin que .wei zhu zi jin shan . biao du li .fei xia pei .qie yun guan .shu bing zhuo xue .miao shi wan li yi hao duan .hui shou san shan he chu .wen dao qun xian xiao wo .yao wo yu ju huan .hui shou cong ci qu .yi feng geng can luan .

武王姬发诛纣灭商，为何(he)抑郁不能久忍？
3、以……为：把……当做。我要把菱叶裁剪成上衣，我并用荷花把下裳织就。
17、结发：束发。古时候的(de)人到了一定的年龄（男(nan)子20岁，女子15岁）才(cai)把头发结起(qi)来，算是到了成年，可以结婚了。天在哪里与地交会(hui)？十二区域怎样划分(fen)？
⑷小楫：小船。楫，船桨，此处代指船。大禹尽力成其圣功，降临省视天下四(si)方。
有司：主管部门的官员。他满脸灰尘，显出被烟熏火燎的颜色，两鬓头发灰白，十个手指也被炭烧得(de)很黑。
逾迈：进行。席间歌女唱起《梅花》旧曲，大家畅饮新蒸的柏酒，推杯换盏，间或会有行酒令的游戏。
3、那：通“哪”，怎么的意思。

　　陶诗的遣词造句，常于平淡中见精采。粗读一过，不见新奇；细细品味，则颇有深意。如“时来苟冥会”一句，写作者在应征入仕这样一种“时运”到来之际，既不趋前迎接，亦不有意回避，而是任其自然交会。一个“会”字，十分传神地表现了作者委运乘化，不喜不惧的道家人生态度。又如“目倦川途异”一句，一个“异”字便涵盖了江南的山水之胜。从浔阳至曲阿，沿途既有长江大川，亦有清溪小流，既有飞峙江边的匡庐，亦有婉蜒盘曲的钟山，可谓美不胜收。然而面对如此美景，酷爱大自然的诗人却感到“目倦”，使人奇怪。对景物之“目倦”，实际正反映了作者对出仕之“心倦”。“倦”、“异”二字，含义非常丰富。其他如“宛辔憩通衢”之“憩”字，“暂与园田疏”之“暂”字等，也都是传神阿堵。
　　“虞舜罢弹琴”。典出《史记·乐书》：“昔有舜作五弦之琴，以歌南风”。《集解》引王肃说：“南风，养育民之诗也。”其辞曰：“可能解吾民之愠兮。”
　　以下八句，即依照游历次序，描绘途次的风景。诗人循溪畔步游，但见溪边水波澹澹，并在山湾处汇集，凝成了一个澄碧的深潭。潭上烟雾弥漫，使他感觉凛然生寒。环视溪潭岸上，修竹环合，摇曳风中，虽经秋霜之冻，愈见得青翠光润，葱郁可人，显出坚贞的品质。“团栾”亦作“檀栾”，形容竹的形貌之词。“寒姿”指水，“霜质”谓竹。诗人沿着溪潭继续游赏，遥看涧流弯弯曲曲，像蛇一样蜿蜒而去，使他难以辨明流水的去向。举目望去，山林伸向远方，那山岩也随着林子延伸，越到远处，看起来岩层越密。诗人置身在这无边无际的深碧苍翠之中，已经不知道是白天还是晚上。他朝西看，密林中漏下的落日余光斑斑驳驳，令人怀疑可能已是夜晚，明月初升了。再向东看，岩壁上隐现出昏黄的月色，又使他怀疑是夕阳正在沉落。灵运写山水景色，最擅长实景实写，细腻刻画。正如王夫之所评：“取景则于击目经心，丝分缕合之际，貌固有而言之不虚”（《古诗评选》卷五）。这六句，从视觉、触觉、感觉、错觉多方面着笔，准确地表现出深山大壑中密林幽涧的气象，又利用浅深、明暗、远近的对比，显示了山水的繁复、曲折，阴暗、清冷，造成一种幽深、神秘、变幻莫测的境界。如此神秘幽异的原始山林景色，是前人所未见到也未写过的。灵运写山水，为了达到“情必极貌以写物”的目标，便力求“辞必穷力而追新”，以新的语言词眼表达新奇的意象。这几句中的“委”与“迥”，“屡迷”与“逾密”，状景异常精细逼真。“澹潋结寒姿，团栾润霜质”一联，在上下句之中造设“澹潋”、“团栾”两个叠韵词对偶，造成听觉上整齐铿锵的韵律感；而“结”与“润”两个动词，分置于句中第三字的中间位置，构成“句中眼”，更使景物呈现出活泼的生气与清新的韵致，显出诗人的匠心巧思。“践夕”二句，总揽一笔，说自己在深山中只顾赏玩幽景，忘却了时间的推移，不觉中，已从早上游到了黄昏。而岩林最幽深最隐蔽的地方，也都游历到了，以上是第二层次，诗人以其丽情密藻铺叙景物，形成了全篇最精采的部分。
　　“可惜当年，顿乖雨迹云踪。”顿乖，突然离开。“雨迹云踪”是暗中化用宋玉《高唐畎》典故，“云雨”指男女幽会。雨迹云踪，雨散云消，突然匆匆离别，各奔东西，互不见踪迹。这里柳永是指自己和“佳丽”的欢会。大概他俩情意相投，是客观环境迫使他们不得不分离。
　　此诗前二句对起，揭示了吴越的不同表现：一个通宵享乐，一个摸黑行军；一边轻歌曼舞，一边短兵长戟，在鲜明对比中，蕴藏着对吴王夫差荒淫误国的不满。三、四句就勾践亡吴一事，批评勾践只送去一个美女，便赚来一个吴国，“大有堪羞”之处，这是很有意思的妙文。吴越兴亡的史实，诸如越王十年生聚，卧薪尝胆；吴王沉湎酒色，杀伍子胥，用太宰嚭，凡此种种，诗人不可能不知。吴越的兴亡当然不是由西施一个女子来决定的。但写诗忌直贵曲，如果三、四句把笔锋直接对准吴王，虽然痛快，未免落套；所以诗人故意运用指桑骂槐的曲笔。他的观点，不是游在字句的表面，要细味全篇的构思、语气，才会领会诗的义蕴。诗人有意造成错觉，明嘲勾践，暗刺夫差，使全诗荡漾着委婉含蓄的弦外之音，发人深思，给人以有余不尽的情味，从艺术效果说，要比直接指责高明得多了。
第二部分
　　此曲的写作上有三大特色：一、作者擅长以极富特征的景物渲染气氛。夕阳、酒旗、欲归未归的航船、清流萦绕的茅舍、人群散去寂静无声的断桥，犹如一幅清雅的水墨画，营造了一幅清疏而旷远的意境。二、作者还善于在“无字处”给人以丰富而耐人寻味的想象。从天边静穆的夕阳，到眼前慵懒的酒旗，再到远处待归而不急于靠岸的航船，视点跳跃灵动，每个“点”的背后都是有待读者通过想象还原的画面。从全曲的两幅画面来看，前者写航船未归，后者写“卖鱼人散”，二者之间有靠岸、卸鱼、卖鱼等多个环节，但作者同样把这些环节交给读者通过想象去完成，他只给人一幅远离喧闹和嘈杂的、清淡闲远的江村渔人晚归图景。三、作者在音韵方面也颇具匠心。在古代诗词曲赋之中，音韵效果始终是作者表情达意、创设意境的手段之一。马致远也精通于此道，比如他以声母为“X”的词语表达“轻柔”效应，在曲中，“夕阳”之“夕”，“酒旆闲”之“闲”，“水香”之“香”，都用来表现或轻柔或闲远或柔美的情致。