陈胜者，阳城人也，字涉。吴广者，阳夏人也，字叔。陈涉少时，尝与人佣耕，辍耕之垄上，怅恨久之，曰：“苟富贵，无相忘。”佣者笑而应曰：“若为佣耕，何富贵也？”陈涉太息曰：“嗟乎！燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉！”二世元年七月，发闾左谪戍渔阳，九百人屯大泽乡。陈胜﹑吴广皆次当行，为屯长。会天大雨，道不通，度已失期。失期，法皆斩。陈胜﹑吴广乃谋曰：“今亡亦死，举大计亦死；等死，死国可乎？”陈胜曰：“天下苦秦久矣。吾闻二世少子也，不当立，当立者乃公子扶苏。扶苏以数谏故，上使外将兵。今或闻无罪，二世杀之。百姓多闻其贤，未知其死也。项燕为楚将，数有功，爱士卒，楚人怜之。或以为死，或以为亡。今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏﹑项燕，为天下唱，宜多应者。”吴广以为然。乃行卜。卜者知其指意，曰：“足下事皆成，有功。然足下卜之鬼乎！”陈胜﹑吴广喜，念鬼，曰：“此教我先威众耳。”乃丹书帛曰“陈胜王”，置人所罾鱼腹中。卒买鱼烹食，得鱼腹中书，固以怪之矣。又间令吴广之次所旁丛祠中，夜篝火，狐鸣唿曰：“大楚兴，陈胜王。”卒皆夜惊恐。旦日，卒中往往语，皆指目陈胜。吴广素爱人，士卒多为用者。将尉醉，广故数言欲亡，忿恚尉，令辱之，以激怒其众。尉果笞广。尉剑挺，广起，夺而杀尉。陈胜佐之，并杀两尉。召令徒属曰：“公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当斩。藉第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七。且壮士不死即已，死即举大名耳，王侯将相宁nìng有种乎！”徒属皆曰：“敬受命。”乃诈称公子扶苏﹑项燕，从民欲也。袒右，称大楚。为坛而盟，祭以尉首。陈胜自立为将军，吴广为都尉。攻大泽乡，收而攻蕲qí。蕲下，乃令符离人葛婴将兵徇蕲以东。攻铚、酂、苦、柘、谯皆下之。行收兵。比至陈，车六七百乘，骑千余，卒数万人。攻陈，陈守令皆不在，独守丞与战谯门中。弗胜，守丞死，乃入据陈。数日，号令召三老﹑豪杰与皆来会计事。三老﹑豪杰皆曰：“将军身被坚执锐，伐无道，诛暴秦，复立楚国之社稷jì，功宜为王。”陈涉乃立为王，号为张楚。当此时，诸郡县苦秦吏者，皆刑其长吏，杀之以应陈涉。乃以吴叔为假王，监诸将以西击荥阳。令陈人武臣、张耳、陈馀徇赵地，令汝阴人邓宗徇九江郡。当此时，楚兵数千人为聚者，不可胜数。葛婴至东城，立襄强为楚王。婴后闻陈王已立，因杀襄强，还报。至陈，陈王诛杀葛婴。陈王令魏人周市北徇魏地。吴广围荥阳。李由为三川守，守荥阳，吴叔弗能下。陈王征国之豪杰与计，以上蔡人房君蔡赐为上柱国。周文，陈之贤人也，尝为项燕军视日，事春申君，自言习兵，陈王与之将军印，西击秦。行收兵至关，车千乘，卒数十万，至戏，军焉。秦令少府章邯免郦山徒﹑人奴产子生，悉发以击楚大军，尽败之。周文败，走出关，止次曹阳二三月。章邯追败之，复走次渑池十余日。章邯击，大破之。周文自刭，军遂不战。武臣到邯郸，自立为赵王，陈馀为大将军，张耳、召骚为左右丞相。陈王怒，捕系武臣等家室，欲诛之。柱国曰：“秦未亡而诛赵王将相家属，此生一秦也。不如因而立之。”陈王乃遣使者贺赵，而徙系武臣等家属宫中，而封耳子张敖为成都君，趣赵兵，亟入关。赵王将相相与谋曰：“王王赵，非楚意也。楚已诛秦，必加兵于赵。计莫如毋西兵，使使北徇燕地以自广也。赵南据大河，北有燕、代，楚虽胜秦，不敢制赵。若楚不胜秦，必重赵。赵乘秦之弊，可以得志于天下。”赵王以为然，因不西兵，而遣故上谷卒史韩广将兵北徇燕地。燕故贵人豪杰谓韩广曰：“楚已立王，赵又已立王。燕虽小，亦万乘之国也，原将军立为燕王。”韩广曰：“广母在赵，不可。”燕人曰：“赵方西忧秦，南忧楚，其力不能禁我。且以楚之彊，不敢害赵王将相之家，赵独安敢害将军之家！”韩广以为然，乃自立为燕王。居数月，赵奉燕王母及家属归之燕。当此之时，诸将之徇地者，不可胜数。周市北徇地至狄，狄人田儋杀狄令，自立为齐王，以齐反击周市。市军散，还至魏地，欲立魏后故宁陵君咎为魏王。时咎在陈王所，不得之魏。魏地已定，欲相与立周市为魏王，周市不肯。使者五反，陈王乃立宁陵君咎为魏王，遣之国。周市卒为相。将军田臧等相与谋曰：“周章军已破矣，秦兵旦暮至，我围荥阳城弗能下，秦军至，必大败。不如少遗兵，足以守荥阳，悉精兵迎秦军。今假王骄，不知兵权，不可与计，非诛之，事恐败。”因相与矫王令以诛吴叔，献其首于陈王。陈王使使赐田臧楚令尹印，使为上将。田臧乃使诸将李归等守荥阳城，自以精兵西迎秦军于敖仓。与战，田臧死，军破。章邯进兵击李归等荥阳下，破之，李归等死。阳城人邓说将兵居郯，章邯别将击破之，邓说军散走陈。铚人伍徐将兵居许，章邯击破之，伍徐军皆散走陈。陈王诛邓说。陈王初立时，陵人秦嘉﹑铚人董譄﹑符离人朱鸡石﹑取虑人郑布﹑徐人丁疾等皆特起，将兵围东海守庆于郯。陈王闻，乃使武平君畔为将军，监郯下军。秦嘉不受命，嘉自立为大司马，恶属武平君。告军吏曰：“武平君年少，不知兵事，勿听！”因矫以王命杀武平君畔。章邯已破伍徐，击陈，柱国房君死。章邯又进兵击陈西张贺军。陈王出监战，军破，张贺死。腊月，陈王之汝阴，还至下城父，其御庄贾杀以降秦。陈胜葬砀，谥曰隐王。陈王故涓人将军吕臣为仓头军，起新阳，攻陈下之，杀庄贾，复以陈为楚。初，陈王至陈，令铚人宋留将兵定南阳，入武关。留已徇南阳，闻陈王死，南阳复为秦。宋留不能入武关，乃东至新蔡，遇秦军，宋留以军降秦。秦传留至咸阳，车裂留以徇。秦嘉等闻陈王军破出走，乃立景驹为楚王，引兵之方与，欲击秦军定陶下。使公孙庆使齐王，欲与并力俱进。齐王曰：“闻陈王战败，不知其死生，楚安得不请而立王！”公孙庆曰：“齐不请楚而立王，楚何故请齐而立王！且楚首事，当令于天下。”田儋诛杀公孙庆。秦左右校复攻陈，下之。吕将军走，收兵复聚。鄱盗当阳君黥布之兵相收，复击秦左右校，破之青波，复以陈为楚。会项梁立怀王孙心为楚王。陈胜王凡六月。已为王，王陈。其故人尝与佣耕者闻之，之陈，扣宫门曰：“吾欲见涉。”宫门令欲缚之。自辩数，乃置，不肯为通。陈王出，遮道而唿涉。陈王闻之，乃召见，载与俱归。入宫，见殿屋帷帐，客曰：“伙颐！涉之为王沉沉者！”楚人谓多为伙，故天下传之，伙涉为王，由陈涉始。客出入愈益发舒，言陈王故情。或说陈王曰：“客愚无知，颛妄言，轻威。”陈王斩之。诸陈王故人皆自引去，由是无亲陈王者。陈王以朱房为中正，胡武为司过，主司群臣。诸将徇地，至，令之不是者，系而罪之，以苛察为忠。其所不善者，弗下吏，辄自治之。陈王信用之。诸将以其故不亲附，此其所以败也。陈胜虽已死，其所置遣侯王将相竟亡秦，由涉首事也。高祖时为陈涉置守頉三十家砀，至今血食。褚先生曰：地形险阻，所以为固也；兵革刑法，所以为治也。犹未足恃也。夫先王以仁义为本，而以固塞文法为枝叶，岂不然哉！吾闻贾生之称曰：“秦孝公据肴函之固，拥雍州之地，君臣固守，以窥周室，有席卷天下、包举宇内、囊括四海之意，并吞八荒之心。当是时也，商君佐之，内立法度，务耕织，修守战之具；外连衡而斗诸侯。于是秦人拱手而取西河之外。“孝公既没，惠文、武、昭襄蒙故业因遗策，南取汉中，西举巴蜀，东割膏腴之地，收要害之郡。诸侯恐惧，会盟而谋弱秦，不爱珍器、重宝、肥饶之地，以致天下之士，合从缔交，相与为一。当此之时，齐有孟尝，赵有平原，楚有春申，魏有信陵。此四君者，皆明智而忠信，宽厚而爱人，尊贤而重士，约从离横，兼韩、魏、燕、赵、宋、卫、中山之众。于是六国之士，有宁越、徐尚、苏秦、杜赫之属为之谋，齐明、周最、陈轸、召滑、楼缓、翟景、苏厉、乐毅之徒通其意，吴起、孙膑、带佗、倪良、王廖、田忌、廉颇、赵奢之伦制其兵。尝以十倍之地，百万之众，叩关而攻秦。秦人开关而延敌，九国之师逡巡遁逃而不敢进。秦无亡矢遗镞之费，而天下诸侯已困矣。于是从散约解，争割地以赂秦。秦有余力而制其弊，追亡逐北，伏尸百万，流血飘橹。因利乘便，宰割天下，分裂河山。强国请服，弱国入朝。“施及孝文王、庄襄王，享国之日浅，国家无事。“及至始皇，奋六世之余烈，振长策而御宇内，吞二周而亡诸侯，履至尊而制六合，执敲朴以鞭笞天下，威振四海。南取百越之地，以为桂林、象郡。百越之君，俯首系颈，委命下吏。乃使蒙恬北筑长城而守藩篱，却匈奴七百余里。胡人不敢南下而牧马，士不敢弯弓而报怨。于是废先王之道，燔百家之言，以愚黔首；隳名城，杀豪俊，收天下之兵聚之咸阳，销锋鍉，铸以为金人十二，以弱天下之民。然后践华为城，因河为池，据亿丈之城、临不测之溪以为固。良将劲驽，守要害之处；信臣精卒，陈利兵而谁何。天下已定，始皇之心，自以为关中之固，金城千里，子孙帝王万世之业也。“始皇既没，余威震于殊俗。 然陈涉瓮牖绳枢之子，氓隶之人，而迁徙之徒也；材能不及中人，非有仲尼、墨翟之贤，陶朱、猗顿之富。蹑足行伍之间，倔起阡陌之中，率罢散之卒，将数百之众，转而攻秦，斩木为兵，揭竿为旗，天下云集而响应，赢粮而景从。山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣。“且夫天下非小弱也，雍州之地，肴函之固，自若也；陈涉之位，非尊于齐、楚、燕、赵、韩、魏、宋、卫、中山之君也；锄耰棘矜，不铦于钩戟长铩也；适戍之众，非抗于九国之师也；深谋远虑，行军用兵之道，非及向时之士也。然而成败异变，功业相反。试使山东之国与陈涉度长絜大，比权量力，则不可同年而语矣。然秦以区区之地，致万乘之势，序八州而朝同列，百有余年矣。然后以六合为家，肴函为宫。一夫作难而七庙隳，身死人手，为天下笑者，何也？仁义不施而攻守之势异也。”【索隐述赞】天下匈匈，海内乏主，掎鹿争捷，瞻乌爰处。陈胜首事，厥号张楚。鬼怪是凭，鸿鹄自许。葛婴东下，周文西拒。始亲朱房，又任胡武。伙颐见杀，腹心不与。庄贾何人，反噬城父！余忆童稚时，能张目对日，明察秋毫，见藐小之物必细察其纹理，故时有物外之趣。夏蚊成雷，私拟作群鹤舞空中，心之所向，则或千或百，果然鹤也；昂首观之，项为之强。又留蚊于素帐中，徐喷以烟，使之冲烟而飞鸣，作青云白鹤观，果如鹤唳云端，为之怡然称快。余常于土墙凹凸处，花台小草丛杂处，蹲其身，使与台齐；定神细视，以丛草为林，以虫蚁为兽，以土砾凸者为丘，凹者为壑，神游其中，怡然自得。一日，见二虫斗草间，观之，兴正浓，忽有庞然大物，拔山倒树而来，盖一癞蛤蟆，舌一吐而二虫尽为所吞。余年幼，方出神，不觉呀然一惊。神定，捉虾蟆，鞭数十，驱之别院。在昔闻南亩，当年竟未践。屡空既有人，春兴岂自免。夙晨装吾驾，启涂情己缅。鸟弄欢新节，泠风送馀善。寒竹被荒蹊，地为罕人远；是以植杖翁，悠然不复返。即理愧通识，所保讵乃浅。先师有遗训，忧道不忧贫。瞻望邈难逮，转欲志长勤。秉耒欢时务，解颜劝农人。平畴交远风，良苗亦怀新。虽未量岁功，既事多所欣。耕种有时息，行者无问津。日入相与归，壶浆劳近邻。长吟掩柴门，聊为陇亩民。豁开青冥颠，泻出万丈泉。如裁一条素，白日悬秋天。乘辇夜行游，逍遥步西园。双渠相溉灌，嘉木绕通川。卑枝拂羽盖，修条摩苍天。惊风扶轮毂，飞鸟翔我前。丹霞夹明月，华星出云间。上天垂光采，五色一何鲜。寿命非松乔，谁能得神仙。遨游快心意，保己终百年。与月转洪濛，扶疏万古同。根非生下土，叶不坠秋风。雪洗条山错落寒。始为一名抛故国，近因多难怕长安。翳日多乔木，维舟取束薪。静听江叟语，尽是厌兵人。白发苍颜，正是维摩境界。空方丈、散花何碍。朱唇箸点，更髻鬟生彩。这些个，千生万生只在。好事心肠，着人情态。闲窗下、敛云凝黛。明朝端午，待学纫兰为佩。寻一首好诗，要书裙带。秋风扫尽闲花草，黄花不逐秋光老。试与插钗头，钗头占断秋。簪花人有意，共祝年年醉。不用泛瑶觞，花先着酒香。洪歆式就，介福攸归。送乐有阕，灵驭遄飞。

chen sheng zhe .yang cheng ren ye .zi she .wu guang zhe .yang xia ren ye .zi shu .chen she shao shi .chang yu ren yong geng .chuo geng zhi long shang .chang hen jiu zhi .yue ..gou fu gui .wu xiang wang ..yong zhe xiao er ying yue ..ruo wei yong geng .he fu gui ye ..chen she tai xi yue ..jie hu .yan que an zhi hong gu zhi zhi zai ..er shi yuan nian qi yue .fa lv zuo zhe shu yu yang .jiu bai ren tun da ze xiang .chen sheng .wu guang jie ci dang xing .wei tun chang .hui tian da yu .dao bu tong .du yi shi qi .shi qi .fa jie zhan .chen sheng .wu guang nai mou yue ..jin wang yi si .ju da ji yi si .deng si .si guo ke hu ..chen sheng yue ..tian xia ku qin jiu yi .wu wen er shi shao zi ye .bu dang li .dang li zhe nai gong zi fu su .fu su yi shu jian gu .shang shi wai jiang bing .jin huo wen wu zui .er shi sha zhi .bai xing duo wen qi xian .wei zhi qi si ye .xiang yan wei chu jiang .shu you gong .ai shi zu .chu ren lian zhi .huo yi wei si .huo yi wei wang .jin cheng yi wu zhong zha zi cheng gong zi fu su .xiang yan .wei tian xia chang .yi duo ying zhe ..wu guang yi wei ran .nai xing bo .bo zhe zhi qi zhi yi .yue ..zu xia shi jie cheng .you gong .ran zu xia bo zhi gui hu ..chen sheng .wu guang xi .nian gui .yue ..ci jiao wo xian wei zhong er ..nai dan shu bo yue .chen sheng wang ..zhi ren suo zeng yu fu zhong .zu mai yu peng shi .de yu fu zhong shu .gu yi guai zhi yi .you jian ling wu guang zhi ci suo pang cong ci zhong .ye gou huo .hu ming hu yue ..da chu xing .chen sheng wang ..zu jie ye jing kong .dan ri .zu zhong wang wang yu .jie zhi mu chen sheng .wu guang su ai ren .shi zu duo wei yong zhe .jiang wei zui .guang gu shu yan yu wang .fen hui wei .ling ru zhi .yi ji nu qi zhong .wei guo chi guang .wei jian ting .guang qi .duo er sha wei .chen sheng zuo zhi .bing sha liang wei .zhao ling tu shu yue ..gong deng yu yu .jie yi shi qi .shi qi dang zhan .jie di ling wu zhan .er shu si zhe gu shi liu qi .qie zhuang shi bu si ji yi .si ji ju da ming er .wang hou jiang xiang ning n.ngyou zhong hu ..tu shu jie yue ..jing shou ming ..nai zha cheng gong zi fu su .xiang yan .cong min yu ye .tan you .cheng da chu .wei tan er meng .ji yi wei shou .chen sheng zi li wei jiang jun .wu guang wei du wei .gong da ze xiang .shou er gong qi q..qi xia .nai ling fu li ren ge ying jiang bing xun qi yi dong .gong zhi .zan .ku .zhe .qiao jie xia zhi .xing shou bing .bi zhi chen .che liu qi bai cheng .qi qian yu .zu shu wan ren .gong chen .chen shou ling jie bu zai .du shou cheng yu zhan qiao men zhong .fu sheng .shou cheng si .nai ru ju chen .shu ri .hao ling zhao san lao .hao jie yu jie lai hui ji shi .san lao .hao jie jie yue ..jiang jun shen bei jian zhi rui .fa wu dao .zhu bao qin .fu li chu guo zhi she ji j..gong yi wei wang ..chen she nai li wei wang .hao wei zhang chu .dang ci shi .zhu jun xian ku qin li zhe .jie xing qi chang li .sha zhi yi ying chen she .nai yi wu shu wei jia wang .jian zhu jiang yi xi ji ying yang .ling chen ren wu chen .zhang er .chen yu xun zhao di .ling ru yin ren deng zong xun jiu jiang jun .dang ci shi .chu bing shu qian ren wei ju zhe .bu ke sheng shu .ge ying zhi dong cheng .li xiang qiang wei chu wang .ying hou wen chen wang yi li .yin sha xiang qiang .huan bao .zhi chen .chen wang zhu sha ge ying .chen wang ling wei ren zhou shi bei xun wei di .wu guang wei ying yang .li you wei san chuan shou .shou ying yang .wu shu fu neng xia .chen wang zheng guo zhi hao jie yu ji .yi shang cai ren fang jun cai ci wei shang zhu guo .zhou wen .chen zhi xian ren ye .chang wei xiang yan jun shi ri .shi chun shen jun .zi yan xi bing .chen wang yu zhi jiang jun yin .xi ji qin .xing shou bing zhi guan .che qian cheng .zu shu shi wan .zhi xi .jun yan .qin ling shao fu zhang han mian li shan tu .ren nu chan zi sheng .xi fa yi ji chu da jun .jin bai zhi .zhou wen bai .zou chu guan .zhi ci cao yang er san yue .zhang han zhui bai zhi .fu zou ci sheng chi shi yu ri .zhang han ji .da po zhi .zhou wen zi jing .jun sui bu zhan .wu chen dao han dan .zi li wei zhao wang .chen yu wei da jiang jun .zhang er .zhao sao wei zuo you cheng xiang .chen wang nu .bo xi wu chen deng jia shi .yu zhu zhi .zhu guo yue ..qin wei wang er zhu zhao wang jiang xiang jia shu .ci sheng yi qin ye .bu ru yin er li zhi ..chen wang nai qian shi zhe he zhao .er xi xi wu chen deng jia shu gong zhong .er feng er zi zhang ao wei cheng du jun .qu zhao bing .ji ru guan .zhao wang jiang xiang xiang yu mou yue ..wang wang zhao .fei chu yi ye .chu yi zhu qin .bi jia bing yu zhao .ji mo ru wu xi bing .shi shi bei xun yan di yi zi guang ye .zhao nan ju da he .bei you yan .dai .chu sui sheng qin .bu gan zhi zhao .ruo chu bu sheng qin .bi zhong zhao .zhao cheng qin zhi bi .ke yi de zhi yu tian xia ..zhao wang yi wei ran .yin bu xi bing .er qian gu shang gu zu shi han guang jiang bing bei xun yan di .yan gu gui ren hao jie wei han guang yue ..chu yi li wang .zhao you yi li wang .yan sui xiao .yi wan cheng zhi guo ye .yuan jiang jun li wei yan wang ..han guang yue ..guang mu zai zhao .bu ke ..yan ren yue ..zhao fang xi you qin .nan you chu .qi li bu neng jin wo .qie yi chu zhi jiang .bu gan hai zhao wang jiang xiang zhi jia .zhao du an gan hai jiang jun zhi jia ..han guang yi wei ran .nai zi li wei yan wang .ju shu yue .zhao feng yan wang mu ji jia shu gui zhi yan .dang ci zhi shi .zhu jiang zhi xun di zhe .bu ke sheng shu .zhou shi bei xun di zhi di .di ren tian dan sha di ling .zi li wei qi wang .yi qi fan ji zhou shi .shi jun san .huan zhi wei di .yu li wei hou gu ning ling jun jiu wei wei wang .shi jiu zai chen wang suo .bu de zhi wei .wei di yi ding .yu xiang yu li zhou shi wei wei wang .zhou shi bu ken .shi zhe wu fan .chen wang nai li ning ling jun jiu wei wei wang .qian zhi guo .zhou shi zu wei xiang .jiang jun tian zang deng xiang yu mou yue ..zhou zhang jun yi po yi .qin bing dan mu zhi .wo wei ying yang cheng fu neng xia .qin jun zhi .bi da bai .bu ru shao yi bing .zu yi shou ying yang .xi jing bing ying qin jun .jin jia wang jiao .bu zhi bing quan .bu ke yu ji .fei zhu zhi .shi kong bai ..yin xiang yu jiao wang ling yi zhu wu shu .xian qi shou yu chen wang .chen wang shi shi ci tian zang chu ling yin yin .shi wei shang jiang .tian zang nai shi zhu jiang li gui deng shou ying yang cheng .zi yi jing bing xi ying qin jun yu ao cang .yu zhan .tian zang si .jun po .zhang han jin bing ji li gui deng ying yang xia .po zhi .li gui deng si .yang cheng ren deng shuo jiang bing ju tan .zhang han bie jiang ji po zhi .deng shuo jun san zou chen .zhi ren wu xu jiang bing ju xu .zhang han ji po zhi .wu xu jun jie san zou chen .chen wang zhu deng shuo .chen wang chu li shi .ling ren qin jia .zhi ren dong zeng .fu li ren zhu ji shi .qu lv ren zheng bu .xu ren ding ji deng jie te qi .jiang bing wei dong hai shou qing yu tan .chen wang wen .nai shi wu ping jun pan wei jiang jun .jian tan xia jun .qin jia bu shou ming .jia zi li wei da si ma .e shu wu ping jun .gao jun li yue ..wu ping jun nian shao .bu zhi bing shi .wu ting ..yin jiao yi wang ming sha wu ping jun pan .zhang han yi po wu xu .ji chen .zhu guo fang jun si .zhang han you jin bing ji chen xi zhang he jun .chen wang chu jian zhan .jun po .zhang he si .la yue .chen wang zhi ru yin .huan zhi xia cheng fu .qi yu zhuang jia sha yi jiang qin .chen sheng zang dang .shi yue yin wang .chen wang gu juan ren jiang jun lv chen wei cang tou jun .qi xin yang .gong chen xia zhi .sha zhuang jia .fu yi chen wei chu .chu .chen wang zhi chen .ling zhi ren song liu jiang bing ding nan yang .ru wu guan .liu yi xun nan yang .wen chen wang si .nan yang fu wei qin .song liu bu neng ru wu guan .nai dong zhi xin cai .yu qin jun .song liu yi jun jiang qin .qin chuan liu zhi xian yang .che lie liu yi xun .qin jia deng wen chen wang jun po chu zou .nai li jing ju wei chu wang .yin bing zhi fang yu .yu ji qin jun ding tao xia .shi gong sun qing shi qi wang .yu yu bing li ju jin .qi wang yue ..wen chen wang zhan bai .bu zhi qi si sheng .chu an de bu qing er li wang ..gong sun qing yue ..qi bu qing chu er li wang .chu he gu qing qi er li wang .qie chu shou shi .dang ling yu tian xia ..tian dan zhu sha gong sun qing .qin zuo you xiao fu gong chen .xia zhi .lv jiang jun zou .shou bing fu ju .po dao dang yang jun qing bu zhi bing xiang shou .fu ji qin zuo you xiao .po zhi qing bo .fu yi chen wei chu .hui xiang liang li huai wang sun xin wei chu wang .chen sheng wang fan liu yue .yi wei wang .wang chen .qi gu ren chang yu yong geng zhe wen zhi .zhi chen .kou gong men yue ..wu yu jian she ..gong men ling yu fu zhi .zi bian shu .nai zhi .bu ken wei tong .chen wang chu .zhe dao er hu she .chen wang wen zhi .nai zhao jian .zai yu ju gui .ru gong .jian dian wu wei zhang .ke yue ..huo yi .she zhi wei wang chen chen zhe ..chu ren wei duo wei huo .gu tian xia chuan zhi .huo she wei wang .you chen she shi .ke chu ru yu yi fa shu .yan chen wang gu qing .huo shuo chen wang yue ..ke yu wu zhi .zhuan wang yan .qing wei ..chen wang zhan zhi .zhu chen wang gu ren jie zi yin qu .you shi wu qin chen wang zhe .chen wang yi zhu fang wei zhong zheng .hu wu wei si guo .zhu si qun chen .zhu jiang xun di .zhi .ling zhi bu shi zhe .xi er zui zhi .yi ke cha wei zhong .qi suo bu shan zhe .fu xia li .zhe zi zhi zhi .chen wang xin yong zhi .zhu jiang yi qi gu bu qin fu .ci qi suo yi bai ye .chen sheng sui yi si .qi suo zhi qian hou wang jiang xiang jing wang qin .you she shou shi ye .gao zu shi wei chen she zhi shou yi san shi jia dang .zhi jin xue shi .chu xian sheng yue .di xing xian zu .suo yi wei gu ye .bing ge xing fa .suo yi wei zhi ye .you wei zu shi ye .fu xian wang yi ren yi wei ben .er yi gu sai wen fa wei zhi ye .qi bu ran zai .wu wen jia sheng zhi cheng yue ..qin xiao gong ju yao han zhi gu .yong yong zhou zhi di .jun chen gu shou .yi kui zhou shi .you xi juan tian xia .bao ju yu nei .nang kuo si hai zhi yi .bing tun ba huang zhi xin .dang shi shi ye .shang jun zuo zhi .nei li fa du .wu geng zhi .xiu shou zhan zhi ju .wai lian heng er dou zhu hou .yu shi qin ren gong shou er qu xi he zhi wai ..xiao gong ji mei .hui wen .wu .zhao xiang meng gu ye yin yi ce .nan qu han zhong .xi ju ba shu .dong ge gao yu zhi di .shou yao hai zhi jun .zhu hou kong ju .hui meng er mou ruo qin .bu ai zhen qi .zhong bao .fei rao zhi di .yi zhi tian xia zhi shi .he cong di jiao .xiang yu wei yi .dang ci zhi shi .qi you meng chang .zhao you ping yuan .chu you chun shen .wei you xin ling .ci si jun zhe .jie ming zhi er zhong xin .kuan hou er ai ren .zun xian er zhong shi .yue cong li heng .jian han .wei .yan .zhao .song .wei .zhong shan zhi zhong .yu shi liu guo zhi shi .you ning yue .xu shang .su qin .du he zhi shu wei zhi mou .qi ming .zhou zui .chen zhen .zhao hua .lou huan .di jing .su li .le yi zhi tu tong qi yi .wu qi .sun bin .dai tuo .ni liang .wang liao .tian ji .lian po .zhao she zhi lun zhi qi bing .chang yi shi bei zhi di .bai wan zhi zhong .kou guan er gong qin .qin ren kai guan er yan di .jiu guo zhi shi qun xun dun tao er bu gan jin .qin wu wang shi yi zu zhi fei .er tian xia zhu hou yi kun yi .yu shi cong san yue jie .zheng ge di yi lu qin .qin you yu li er zhi qi bi .zhui wang zhu bei .fu shi bai wan .liu xue piao lu .yin li cheng bian .zai ge tian xia .fen lie he shan .qiang guo qing fu .ruo guo ru chao ..shi ji xiao wen wang .zhuang xiang wang .xiang guo zhi ri qian .guo jia wu shi ..ji zhi shi huang .fen liu shi zhi yu lie .zhen chang ce er yu yu nei .tun er zhou er wang zhu hou .lv zhi zun er zhi liu he .zhi qiao pu yi bian chi tian xia .wei zhen si hai .nan qu bai yue zhi di .yi wei gui lin .xiang jun .bai yue zhi jun .fu shou xi jing .wei ming xia li .nai shi meng tian bei zhu chang cheng er shou fan li .que xiong nu qi bai yu li .hu ren bu gan nan xia er mu ma .shi bu gan wan gong er bao yuan .yu shi fei xian wang zhi dao .fan bai jia zhi yan .yi yu qian shou .hui ming cheng .sha hao jun .shou tian xia zhi bing ju zhi xian yang .xiao feng di .zhu yi wei jin ren shi er .yi ruo tian xia zhi min .ran hou jian hua wei cheng .yin he wei chi .ju yi zhang zhi cheng .lin bu ce zhi xi yi wei gu .liang jiang jin nu .shou yao hai zhi chu .xin chen jing zu .chen li bing er shui he .tian xia yi ding .shi huang zhi xin .zi yi wei guan zhong zhi gu .jin cheng qian li .zi sun di wang wan shi zhi ye ye ..shi huang ji mei .yu wei zhen yu shu su . ran chen she weng you sheng shu zhi zi .mang li zhi ren .er qian xi zhi tu ye .cai neng bu ji zhong ren .fei you zhong ni .mo di zhi xian .tao zhu .yi dun zhi fu .nie zu xing wu zhi jian .jue qi qian mo zhi zhong .lv ba san zhi zu .jiang shu bai zhi zhong .zhuan er gong qin .zhan mu wei bing .jie gan wei qi .tian xia yun ji er xiang ying .ying liang er jing cong .shan dong hao jun sui bing qi er wang qin zu yi ..qie fu tian xia fei xiao ruo ye .yong zhou zhi di .yao han zhi gu .zi ruo ye .chen she zhi wei .fei zun yu qi .chu .yan .zhao .han .wei .song .wei .zhong shan zhi jun ye .chu you ji jin .bu xian yu gou ji chang sha ye .shi shu zhi zhong .fei kang yu jiu guo zhi shi ye .shen mou yuan lv .xing jun yong bing zhi dao .fei ji xiang shi zhi shi ye .ran er cheng bai yi bian .gong ye xiang fan .shi shi shan dong zhi guo yu chen she du chang xie da .bi quan liang li .ze bu ke tong nian er yu yi .ran qin yi qu qu zhi di .zhi wan cheng zhi shi .xu ba zhou er chao tong lie .bai you yu nian yi .ran hou yi liu he wei jia .yao han wei gong .yi fu zuo nan er qi miao hui .shen si ren shou .wei tian xia xiao zhe .he ye .ren yi bu shi er gong shou zhi shi yi ye ...suo yin shu zan .tian xia xiong xiong .hai nei fa zhu .ji lu zheng jie .zhan wu yuan chu .chen sheng shou shi .jue hao zhang chu .gui guai shi ping .hong gu zi xu .ge ying dong xia .zhou wen xi ju .shi qin zhu fang .you ren hu wu .huo yi jian sha .fu xin bu yu .zhuang jia he ren .fan shi cheng fu .yu yi tong zhi shi .neng zhang mu dui ri .ming cha qiu hao .jian miao xiao zhi wu bi xi cha qi wen li .gu shi you wu wai zhi qu .xia wen cheng lei .si ni zuo qun he wu kong zhong .xin zhi suo xiang .ze huo qian huo bai .guo ran he ye .ang shou guan zhi .xiang wei zhi qiang .you liu wen yu su zhang zhong .xu pen yi yan .shi zhi chong yan er fei ming .zuo qing yun bai he guan .guo ru he li yun duan .wei zhi yi ran cheng kuai .yu chang yu tu qiang ao tu chu .hua tai xiao cao cong za chu .dun qi shen .shi yu tai qi .ding shen xi shi .yi cong cao wei lin .yi chong yi wei shou .yi tu li tu zhe wei qiu .ao zhe wei he .shen you qi zhong .yi ran zi de .yi ri .jian er chong dou cao jian .guan zhi .xing zheng nong .hu you pang ran da wu .ba shan dao shu er lai .gai yi lai ge ma .she yi tu er er chong jin wei suo tun .yu nian you .fang chu shen .bu jue ya ran yi jing .shen ding .zhuo xia ma .bian shu shi .qu zhi bie yuan .zai xi wen nan mu .dang nian jing wei jian .lv kong ji you ren .chun xing qi zi mian .su chen zhuang wu jia .qi tu qing ji mian .niao nong huan xin jie .ling feng song yu shan .han zhu bei huang qi .di wei han ren yuan .shi yi zhi zhang weng .you ran bu fu fan .ji li kui tong shi .suo bao ju nai qian .xian shi you yi xun .you dao bu you pin .zhan wang miao nan dai .zhuan yu zhi chang qin .bing lei huan shi wu .jie yan quan nong ren .ping chou jiao yuan feng .liang miao yi huai xin .sui wei liang sui gong .ji shi duo suo xin .geng zhong you shi xi .xing zhe wu wen jin .ri ru xiang yu gui .hu jiang lao jin lin .chang yin yan chai men .liao wei long mu min .huo kai qing ming dian .xie chu wan zhang quan .ru cai yi tiao su .bai ri xuan qiu tian .cheng nian ye xing you .xiao yao bu xi yuan .shuang qu xiang gai guan .jia mu rao tong chuan .bei zhi fu yu gai .xiu tiao mo cang tian .jing feng fu lun gu .fei niao xiang wo qian .dan xia jia ming yue .hua xing chu yun jian .shang tian chui guang cai .wu se yi he xian .shou ming fei song qiao .shui neng de shen xian .ao you kuai xin yi .bao ji zhong bai nian .yu yue zhuan hong meng .fu shu wan gu tong .gen fei sheng xia tu .ye bu zhui qiu feng .xue xi tiao shan cuo luo han .shi wei yi ming pao gu guo .jin yin duo nan pa chang an .yi ri duo qiao mu .wei zhou qu shu xin .jing ting jiang sou yu .jin shi yan bing ren .bai fa cang yan .zheng shi wei mo jing jie .kong fang zhang .san hua he ai .zhu chun zhu dian .geng ji huan sheng cai .zhe xie ge .qian sheng wan sheng zhi zai .hao shi xin chang .zhuo ren qing tai .xian chuang xia .lian yun ning dai .ming chao duan wu .dai xue ren lan wei pei .xun yi shou hao shi .yao shu qun dai .qiu feng sao jin xian hua cao .huang hua bu zhu qiu guang lao .shi yu cha cha tou .cha tou zhan duan qiu .zan hua ren you yi .gong zhu nian nian zui .bu yong fan yao shang .hua xian zhuo jiu xiang .hong xin shi jiu .jie fu you gui .song le you que .ling yu chuan fei .

上有挡住太阳(yang)神六龙车的山巅，下有激浪排空迂回曲折的大川。
【臣以险衅，夙遭闵凶】梅花要迎接春天的来临，所以它早先开放。尽管冬天的天气是(shi)多么(me)寒冷，但它还是傲然独立，毫不畏惧。
④仙桃：传说西王母曾以仙桃赠汉武帝，称此桃三千年才结果实。只看到寒暑更迭日月运行，消磨着人的年寿。
4.则：表转折，却。各个山头上都落满了白鬓，各个山涧里都有白猿在哀吟。
⑴九月九日：即重(zhong)阳节。古以九为阳数，故曰重阳。忆：想念。山东：王维迁居于蒲县（今山西永济县），在函谷关与华山以东，所以称山东。　　子厚在元和十四年十一月初八去世，终年四十七岁；在十五年七月初十安葬在万年县他(ta)祖先墓地的旁边。子厚有两个儿子：大的叫周六，才四岁；小的叫周七，是子厚去世后才出生的。两个女儿，都还小。他的灵柩能够回乡安葬，费用都是观察使河东人裴行立先生付出的。行立先生为人有气节，重信用，与子厚是朋友，子厚对他也很尽心尽力，最后竟仰赖他的力量办理了后事。把子厚安葬到万年县墓地的，是他的表弟卢遵。卢遵是涿州人，性情谨慎，做学问(wen)永不满足；自从子厚被贬斥之后，卢遵就跟随他和他家住在一起，直到他去世也没有离开；既送子厚归葬，又准备(bei)安排料理子厚的家属，可以称得上是有始有终的人了。
[2]咫尺：距离很近。钟山：即紫金山，在今江苏南京市东。在南浦凄凉愁苦的分别，秋风萧索黯淡。
⑴滟(yan)滟：水面闪光的样子。运行万里而来的瞿塘峡的月亮，今春以来已经是第六次出现上弦月了。
榭：建在高台上的宽敞屋宇。

　　《扬之水》是以远戍战士的口吻来写的。全诗三章，各章基本相同。不同的是：“束薪”、“束楚”和“束蒲”；“戍申”、“戍甫”和“戍许”。薪、楚、蒲都是农家日常燃烧的柴草；申、甫、许是三个姜姓的诸侯小国。因此，全诗实际上把一个相同的内容，反覆吟诵三次，用重复强调的手法，突出远戍战士思家情怀。每章头两句“扬之水，不流束薪（楚、蒲）”，用流动的河水与不动的柴草对比，先让人视觉上有特殊印象：那河沟的水哗哗地流动，仿佛岁月一天天过去，不再回来；那一捆捆的柴草又大又沉，小小的河水根本飘浮不起，冲流不动，仿佛战士思家的沉重心绪，永不改变。有了这两句自然物象的起兴，很自然引出三、四两句“彼其之子，不与我戍申（甫、许）”，守着家园的妻子，当然无法与远戍的士兵一起。如果说，士兵如远离泉源的河水，越流越远；那么，妻子如坚定不移的柴草，不飘不流。如果说，日月如流水不断流失，思家情怀就如沉重的柴草，不动不移。分离的日子越久，远戍的时间越长，思念妻子也越强烈。终于，士兵喊出了自己心里的话：“怀哉怀哉？曷月予还归哉？”意思是：在家的亲人平安吗？何年何月我才能回家相聚呢？夫妻之情，故园之思，远戍之苦，不平之鸣，都融化在这两句问话之中，而士兵回家的渴望，强烈地震撼读者。
　　求仕情切，宦途渺茫，鬓发已白，功名未就，诗人不可能不忧虑焦急。五六句就是这种心境的写照。白发、青阳（春日），本是无情物，缀以“催”“逼”二字，恰切地表现诗人不愿以白衣终老此生而又无可奈何的复杂感情。
　　第二、三联描绘出“幅百花齐放、百鸟争鸣的春光图，表现春天万物复苏、生机勃勃的景象，并且融情人景，情景交融，设想灵巧，表达新颖，体现出诗人高超的语言驾驭能力。
江令宅　　这是组诗的最后一首，咏江令家宅。南朝有两个江令，一是江淹，二是江总。江淹没有到过北方，江总曾由陈入隋。根据此诗首句可确定这里的“江令”指的是江总。江总，济阳考城（今河南兰考东）人。仕梁，为太子中舍人兼太常卿。陈时，曾任尚书令。他“总当权宰，不持政务，但日与后主游宴后庭”，“由是国政日颓，纲纪不立”（《陈书·江总传》）。入隋，拜为上开府，后放回江南。“南朝词臣北朝客”就是对他这段人生经历的概括。此诗是作者借凭吊江家宅遗迹，抒发怀古感慨，指出“狎客词臣惑主误国”这一导致南朝灭亡的原因。诗作先是站在江总的角度，写他从北朝归来时所见凄凉景象：秦淮河再也不见昔日笙歌缭绕、灯影攒动的繁华，只有碧绿的河水静静地流淌。江总是亲眼见证了故国兴亡的人，兴亡之事又与他的所作所为有着直接的关系。当作者来到江总黯然度过余生的地方──江令宅，只见“池台竹树三亩馀”，池台依旧，竹树森然，而人事不再，世事沧桑，他又成了见证历史兴亡的又一位诗人。
　　大概是受到曹操“煮酒论英雄”的启发，元人常喜对历史上的千古英雄人物作一番指点评论。“问人间谁是英雄？”作品起笔劈头一问，大有俯仰今昔、睥睨千古之气概。以问句领首，往往能吸引读者的注意，并为全文的铺开拓出地步。
　　最后两句描绘采莲女暮归：“归时其待暮潮上，自弄芙蓉还荡桨。”傍晚还在采莲，表现了她们的勤劳。日暮涨潮，正好可以乘船疾驶。这个“共”字用得妙，突出了她们同出同归和丰收后共同的欢乐。在归途中，她们边荡着桨边拿着荷花玩耍。一天劳动后，她们还是那样轻松。这最后两句展现出一幅水彩画：红色的晚霞给采莲女披上了绚丽的色彩，她们的欢笑和歌声，为日暮秋江增添了无限的情趣。结尾和开头照应紧密。最后两句押“漾”韵，描绘出一幅采莲女丰收归来边荡桨边弄荷花的动人画面，让人们在轻松愉快中回味全篇。
　　江浙一带，素以风景优美着称，沿途几百里，自多奇山异水，一路揽胜，倒也不觉乏累。作者用悠闲的笔调写道：“视潮上下，顷刻数十里”，轻舟飞驰的畅快心情，洋溢在字里行间。一会儿舟行大溪上，深沟险壑，森然可怖。一会儿巨石临水，“若坐垂踵者”，多么悠闲自在。一会儿溪水环山，自高处坠入山涧，远远望去，犹如自蛇奔赴大壑，气象万千。更有“桑畦麦陇，高下联络”，田家村舍，“隐翳竹树”，樵夫牧童，追逐嬉戏，颇有些桃花源的味道。作者很想知道这地方的名称和历史，无奈村民不谙吴语，无从得知；遗憾的心情正反映了他对黑暗现实的不满和对美好生活的向往。