金陵为帝王之州。自六朝迄于南唐，类皆偏据一方，无以应山川之王气。逮我皇帝，定鼎于兹，始足以当之。由是声教所暨，罔间朔南；存神穆清，与天同体。虽一豫一游，亦可为天下后世法。京城之西北有狮子山，自卢龙蜿蜒而来。长江如虹贯，蟠绕其下。上以其地雄胜，诏建楼于巅，与民同游观之乐。遂锡嘉名为“阅江”云。登览之顷，万象森列，千载之秘，一旦轩露。岂非天造地设，以俟大一统之君，而开千万世之伟观者欤？当风日清美，法驾幸临，升其崇椒，凭阑遥瞩，必悠然而动遐思。见江汉之朝宗，诸侯之述职，城池之高深，关阨之严固，必曰：“此朕沐风栉雨、战胜攻取之所致也。”中夏之广，益思有以保之。见波涛之浩荡，风帆之上下，番舶接迹而来庭，蛮琛联肩而入贡，必曰：“此朕德绥威服，覃及外内之所及也。”四陲之远，益思所以柔之。见两岸之间、四郊之上，耕人有炙肤皲足之烦，农女有捋桑行馌之勤，必曰：“此朕拔诸水火、而登于衽席者也。”万方之民，益思有以安之。触类而思，不一而足。臣知斯楼之建，皇上所以发舒精神，因物兴感，无不寓其致治之思，奚此阅夫长江而已哉？彼临春、结绮，非弗华矣；齐云、落星，非不高矣。不过乐管弦之淫响，藏燕赵之艳姬。一旋踵间而感慨系之，臣不知其为何说也。虽然，长江发源岷山，委蛇七千余里而始入海，白涌碧翻，六朝之时，往往倚之为天堑；今则南北一家，视为安流，无所事乎战争矣。然则，果谁之力欤？逢掖之士，有登斯楼而阅斯江者，当思帝德如天，荡荡难名，与神禹疏凿之功同一罔极。忠君报上之心，其有不油然而兴者耶？臣不敏，奉旨撰记，欲上推宵旰图治之切者，勒诸贞珉。他若留连光景之辞，皆略而不陈，惧亵也。京中有善口技者。会宾客大宴，于厅事之东北角，施八尺屏障，口技人坐屏障中，一桌、一椅、一扇、一抚尺而已。众宾团坐。少顷，但闻屏障中抚尺一下，满坐寂然，无敢哗者。遥闻深巷中犬吠，便有妇人惊觉欠伸，其夫呓语。既而儿醒，大啼。夫亦醒。妇抚儿乳，儿含乳啼，妇拍而呜之。又一大儿醒，絮絮不止。当是时，妇手拍儿声，口中呜声，儿含乳啼声，大儿初醒声，夫叱大儿声，一时齐发，众妙毕备。满坐宾客无不伸颈，侧目，微笑，默叹，以为妙绝。未几，夫齁声起，妇拍儿亦渐拍渐止。微闻有鼠作作索索，盆器倾侧，妇梦中咳嗽。宾客意少舒，稍稍正坐。忽一人大唿：“火起”，夫起大唿，妇亦起大唿。两儿齐哭。俄而百千人大唿，百千儿哭，百千犬吠。中间力拉崩倒之声，火爆声，唿唿风声，百千齐作；又夹百千求救声，曳屋许许声，抢夺声，泼水声。凡所应有，无所不有。虽人有百手，手有百指，不能指其一端；人有百口，口有百舌，不能名其一处也。于是宾客无不变色离席，奋袖出臂，两股战战，几欲先走。忽然抚尺一下，群响毕绝。撤屏视之，一人、一桌、一椅、一扇、一抚尺而已。弓背霞明剑照霜，秋风走马出咸阳。未收天子河湟地，不拟回头望故乡。太史公牛马走司马迁，再拜言。少卿足下：曩者辱赐书，教以慎于接物，推贤进士为务，意气勤勤恳恳。若望仆不相师，而用流俗人之言，仆非敢如此也。仆虽罢驽，亦尝侧闻长者之遗风矣。顾自以为身残处秽，动而见尤，欲益反损，是以独郁悒而无谁语。谚曰：“谁为为之？孰令听之？”盖钟子期死，伯牙终身不复鼓琴。何则？士为知己者用，女为说己者容。若仆大质已亏缺矣，虽材怀随和，行若由夷，终不可以为荣，适足以发笑而自点耳。书辞宜答，会东从上来，又迫贱事，相见日浅，卒卒无须臾之间，得竭指意。今少卿抱不测之罪，涉旬月，迫季冬，仆又薄从上雍，恐卒然不可为讳，是仆终已不得舒愤懑以晓左右，则长逝者魂魄私恨无穷。请略陈固陋。阙然久不报，幸勿为过。仆闻之：修身者，智之符也；爱施者，仁之端也；取予者，义之表也；耻辱者，勇之决也；立名者，行之极也。士有此五者，然后可以托于世，列于君子之林矣。故祸莫憯于欲利，悲莫痛于伤心，行莫丑于辱先，诟莫大于宫刑。刑余之人，无所比数，非一世也，所从来远矣。昔卫灵公与雍渠同载，孔子适陈；商鞅因景监见，赵良寒心；同子参乘，袁丝变色：自古而耻之！夫以中材之人，事有关于宦竖，莫不伤气，而况于慷慨之士乎！如今朝廷虽乏人，奈何令刀锯之余，荐天下之豪俊哉！仆赖先人绪业，得待罪辇毂下，二十余年矣。所以自惟：上之，不能纳忠效信，有奇策材力之誉，自结明主；次之，又不能拾遗补阙，招贤进能，显岩穴之士；外之，不能备行伍，攻城野战，有斩将搴旗之功；下之，不能积日累劳，取尊官厚禄，以为宗族交游光宠。四者无一遂，苟合取容，无所短长之效，可见于此矣。乡者，仆亦尝厕下大夫之列，陪外廷末议。不以此时引维纲，尽思虑，今已亏形为扫除之隶，在阘茸之中，乃欲仰首伸眉，论列是非，不亦轻朝廷、羞当世之士邪？嗟乎！嗟乎！如仆尚何言哉！尚何言哉！且事本末未易明也。仆少负不羁之才，长无乡曲之誉，主上幸以先人之故，使得奉薄伎，出入周卫之中。仆以为戴盆何以望天，故绝宾客之知，忘室家之业，日夜思竭其不肖之材力，务一心营职，以求亲媚于主上。而事乃有大谬不然者！夫仆与李陵俱居门下，素非能相善也。趣舍异路，未尝衔杯酒，接殷勤之余欢。然仆观其为人，自守奇士，事亲孝，与士信，临财廉，取予义，分别有让，恭俭下人，常思奋不顾身，以徇国家之急。其素所蓄积也，仆以为有国士之风。夫人臣出万死不顾一生之计，赴公家之难，斯已奇矣。今举事一不当，而全躯保妻子之臣随而媒孽其短，仆诚私心痛之。且李陵提步卒不满五千，深践戎马之地，足历王庭，垂饵虎口，横挑强胡，仰亿万之师，与单于连战十有余日，所杀过当。虏救死扶伤不给，旃裘之君长咸震怖，乃悉征其左、右贤王，举引弓之民，一国共攻而围之。转斗千里，矢尽道穷，救兵不至，士卒死伤如积。然陵一唿劳军，士无不起，躬自流涕，沬血饮泣，更张空弮，冒白刃，北首争死敌者。陵未没时，使有来报，汉公卿王侯皆奉觞上寿。后数日，陵败书闻，主上为之食不甘味，听朝不怡。大臣忧惧，不知所出。仆窃不自料其卑贱，见主上惨凄怛悼，诚欲效其款款之愚，以为李陵素与士大夫绝甘分少，能得人之死力，虽古之名将，不能过也。身虽陷败，彼观其意，且欲得其当而报于汉。事已无可奈何，其所摧败，功亦足以暴于天下矣。仆怀欲陈之，而未有路，适会召问，即以此指，推言陵之功，欲以广主上之意，塞睚眦之辞。未能尽明，明主不晓，以为仆沮贰师，而为李陵游说，遂下于理。拳拳之忠，终不能自列。因为诬上，卒从吏议。家贫，货赂不足以自赎，交游莫救，左右亲近不为一言。身非木石，独与法吏为伍，深幽囹圄之中，谁可告愬者！此真少卿所亲见，仆行事岂不然乎？李陵既生降，隤其家声，而仆又佴之蚕室，重为天下观笑。悲夫！悲夫！事未易一二为俗人言也。仆之先非有剖符丹书之功，文史星历，近乎卜祝之间，固主上所戏弄，倡优所畜，流俗之所轻也。假令仆伏法受诛，若九牛亡一毛，与蝼蚁何以异？而世又不与能死节者比，特以为智穷罪极，不能自免，卒就死耳。何也？素所自树立使然也。人固有一死，或重于泰山，或轻于鸿毛，用之所趋异也。太上不辱先，其次不辱身，其次不辱理色，其次不辱辞令，其次诎体受辱，其次易服受辱，其次关木索、被箠楚受辱，其次剔毛发、婴金铁受辱，其次毁肌肤、断肢体受辱，最下腐刑极矣！传曰“刑不上大夫。”此言士节不可不勉厉也。勐虎在深山，百兽震恐，及在槛阱之中，摇尾而求食，积威约之渐也。故士有画地为牢，势不可入；削木为吏，议不可对，定计于鲜也。今交手足，受木索，暴肌肤，受榜箠，幽于圜墙之中。当此之时，见狱吏则头抢地，视徒隶则心惕息。何者？积威约之势也。及以至是，言不辱者，所谓强颜耳，曷足贵乎！且西伯，伯也，拘于羑里；李斯，相也，具于五刑；淮阴，王也，受械于陈；彭越、张敖，南面称孤，系狱抵罪；绛侯诛诸吕，权倾五伯，囚于请室；魏其，大将也，衣赭衣，关三木；季布为朱家钳奴；灌夫受辱于居室。此人皆身至王侯将相，声闻邻国，及罪至罔加，不能引决自裁，在尘埃之中。古今一体，安在其不辱也？由此言之，勇怯，势也；强弱，形也。审矣，何足怪乎？夫人不能早自裁绳墨之外，以稍陵迟，至于鞭箠之间，乃欲引节，斯不亦远乎！古人所以重施刑于大夫者，殆为此也。夫人情莫不贪生恶死，念父母，顾妻子，至激于义理者不然，乃有所不得已也。今仆不幸，早失父母，无兄弟之亲，独身孤立，少卿视仆于妻子何如哉？且勇者不必死节，怯夫慕义，何处不勉焉！仆虽怯懦，欲苟活，亦颇识去就之分矣，何至自沉溺缧绁之辱哉！且夫臧获婢妾，犹能引决，况仆之不得已乎？所以隐忍苟活，幽于粪土之中而不辞者，恨私心有所不尽，鄙陋没世，而文采不表于后也。古者富贵而名摩灭，不可胜记，唯倜傥非常之人称焉。盖文王拘而演《周易》；仲尼厄而作《春秋》；屈原放逐，乃赋《离骚》；左丘失明，厥有《国语》；孙子膑脚，《兵法》修列；不韦迁蜀，世传《吕览》；韩非囚秦，《说难》《孤愤》；《诗》三百篇，大底圣贤发愤之所为作也。此人皆意有所郁结，不得通其道，故述往事、思来者。乃如左丘无目，孙子断足，终不可用，退而论书策，以舒其愤，思垂空文以自见。仆窃不逊，近自托于无能之辞，网罗天下放失旧闻，略考其行事，综其终始，稽其成败兴坏之纪，上计轩辕，下至于兹，为十表，本纪十二，书八章，世家三十，列传七十，凡百三十篇。亦欲以究天人之际，通古今之变，成一家之言。草创未就，会遭此祸，惜其不成，是以就极刑而无愠色。仆诚以着此书，藏之名山，传之其人，通邑大都，则仆偿前辱之责，虽万被戮，岂有悔哉！然此可为智者道，难为俗人言也！且负下未易居，下流多谤议。仆以口语遇遭此祸，重为乡党所笑，以污辱先人，亦何面目复上父母之丘墓乎？虽累百世，垢弥甚耳！是以肠一日而九回，居则忽忽若有所亡，出则不知其所往。每念斯耻，汗未尝不发背沾衣也！身直为闺阁之臣，宁得自引深藏于岩穴邪？故且从俗浮沉，与时俯仰，以通其狂惑。今少卿乃教以推贤进士，无乃与仆私心剌谬乎？今虽欲自雕琢，曼辞以自饰，无益，于俗不信，适足取辱耳。要之，死日然后是非乃定。书不能悉意，故略陈固陋。谨再拜。好花不与殢香人。浪粼粼。又恐春风归去绿成阴。玉钿何处寻。木兰双桨梦中云。小横陈。漫向孤山山下觅盈盈。翠禽啼一春。拂树浓舒碧，萦花薄蔽红。还当杂行雨，仿佛隐遥空。

jin ling wei di wang zhi zhou .zi liu chao qi yu nan tang .lei jie pian ju yi fang .wu yi ying shan chuan zhi wang qi .dai wo huang di .ding ding yu zi .shi zu yi dang zhi .you shi sheng jiao suo ji .wang jian shuo nan .cun shen mu qing .yu tian tong ti .sui yi yu yi you .yi ke wei tian xia hou shi fa .jing cheng zhi xi bei you shi zi shan .zi lu long wan yan er lai .chang jiang ru hong guan .pan rao qi xia .shang yi qi di xiong sheng .zhao jian lou yu dian .yu min tong you guan zhi le .sui xi jia ming wei .yue jiang .yun .deng lan zhi qing .wan xiang sen lie .qian zai zhi mi .yi dan xuan lu .qi fei tian zao di she .yi si da yi tong zhi jun .er kai qian wan shi zhi wei guan zhe yu .dang feng ri qing mei .fa jia xing lin .sheng qi chong jiao .ping lan yao zhu .bi you ran er dong xia si .jian jiang han zhi chao zong .zhu hou zhi shu zhi .cheng chi zhi gao shen .guan e zhi yan gu .bi yue ..ci zhen mu feng zhi yu .zhan sheng gong qu zhi suo zhi ye ..zhong xia zhi guang .yi si you yi bao zhi .jian bo tao zhi hao dang .feng fan zhi shang xia .fan bo jie ji er lai ting .man chen lian jian er ru gong .bi yue ..ci zhen de sui wei fu .tan ji wai nei zhi suo ji ye ..si chui zhi yuan .yi si suo yi rou zhi .jian liang an zhi jian .si jiao zhi shang .geng ren you zhi fu jun zu zhi fan .nong nv you luo sang xing ye zhi qin .bi yue ..ci zhen ba zhu shui huo .er deng yu ren xi zhe ye ..wan fang zhi min .yi si you yi an zhi .chu lei er si .bu yi er zu .chen zhi si lou zhi jian .huang shang suo yi fa shu jing shen .yin wu xing gan .wu bu yu qi zhi zhi zhi si .xi ci yue fu chang jiang er yi zai .bi lin chun .jie qi .fei fu hua yi .qi yun .luo xing .fei bu gao yi .bu guo le guan xian zhi yin xiang .cang yan zhao zhi yan ji .yi xuan zhong jian er gan kai xi zhi .chen bu zhi qi wei he shuo ye .sui ran .chang jiang fa yuan min shan .wei she qi qian yu li er shi ru hai .bai yong bi fan .liu chao zhi shi .wang wang yi zhi wei tian qian .jin ze nan bei yi jia .shi wei an liu .wu suo shi hu zhan zheng yi .ran ze .guo shui zhi li yu .feng ye zhi shi .you deng si lou er yue si jiang zhe .dang si di de ru tian .dang dang nan ming .yu shen yu shu zao zhi gong tong yi wang ji .zhong jun bao shang zhi xin .qi you bu you ran er xing zhe ye .chen bu min .feng zhi zhuan ji .yu shang tui xiao gan tu zhi zhi qie zhe .le zhu zhen min .ta ruo liu lian guang jing zhi ci .jie lue er bu chen .ju xie ye .jing zhong you shan kou ji zhe .hui bin ke da yan .yu ting shi zhi dong bei jiao .shi ba chi ping zhang .kou ji ren zuo ping zhang zhong .yi zhuo .yi yi .yi shan .yi fu chi er yi .zhong bin tuan zuo .shao qing .dan wen ping zhang zhong fu chi yi xia .man zuo ji ran .wu gan hua zhe .yao wen shen xiang zhong quan fei .bian you fu ren jing jue qian shen .qi fu yi yu .ji er er xing .da ti .fu yi xing .fu fu er ru .er han ru ti .fu pai er wu zhi .you yi da er xing .xu xu bu zhi .dang shi shi .fu shou pai er sheng .kou zhong wu sheng .er han ru ti sheng .da er chu xing sheng .fu chi da er sheng .yi shi qi fa .zhong miao bi bei .man zuo bin ke wu bu shen jing .ce mu .wei xiao .mo tan .yi wei miao jue .wei ji .fu hou sheng qi .fu pai er yi jian pai jian zhi .wei wen you shu zuo zuo suo suo .pen qi qing ce .fu meng zhong ke su .bin ke yi shao shu .shao shao zheng zuo .hu yi ren da hu ..huo qi ..fu qi da hu .fu yi qi da hu .liang er qi ku .e er bai qian ren da hu .bai qian er ku .bai qian quan fei .zhong jian li la beng dao zhi sheng .huo bao sheng .hu hu feng sheng .bai qian qi zuo .you jia bai qian qiu jiu sheng .ye wu xu xu sheng .qiang duo sheng .po shui sheng .fan suo ying you .wu suo bu you .sui ren you bai shou .shou you bai zhi .bu neng zhi qi yi duan .ren you bai kou .kou you bai she .bu neng ming qi yi chu ye .yu shi bin ke wu bu bian se li xi .fen xiu chu bi .liang gu zhan zhan .ji yu xian zou .hu ran fu chi yi xia .qun xiang bi jue .che ping shi zhi .yi ren .yi zhuo .yi yi .yi shan .yi fu chi er yi .gong bei xia ming jian zhao shuang .qiu feng zou ma chu xian yang .wei shou tian zi he huang di .bu ni hui tou wang gu xiang .tai shi gong niu ma zou si ma qian .zai bai yan .shao qing zu xia .nang zhe ru ci shu .jiao yi shen yu jie wu .tui xian jin shi wei wu .yi qi qin qin ken ken .ruo wang pu bu xiang shi .er yong liu su ren zhi yan .pu fei gan ru ci ye .pu sui ba nu .yi chang ce wen chang zhe zhi yi feng yi .gu zi yi wei shen can chu hui .dong er jian you .yu yi fan sun .shi yi du yu yi er wu shui yu .yan yue ..shui wei wei zhi .shu ling ting zhi ..gai zhong zi qi si .bo ya zhong shen bu fu gu qin .he ze .shi wei zhi ji zhe yong .nv wei shuo ji zhe rong .ruo pu da zhi yi kui que yi .sui cai huai sui he .xing ruo you yi .zhong bu ke yi wei rong .shi zu yi fa xiao er zi dian er .shu ci yi da .hui dong cong shang lai .you po jian shi .xiang jian ri qian .zu zu wu xu yu zhi jian .de jie zhi yi .jin shao qing bao bu ce zhi zui .she xun yue .po ji dong .pu you bao cong shang yong .kong zu ran bu ke wei hui .shi pu zhong yi bu de shu fen men yi xiao zuo you .ze chang shi zhe hun po si hen wu qiong .qing lue chen gu lou .que ran jiu bu bao .xing wu wei guo .pu wen zhi .xiu shen zhe .zhi zhi fu ye .ai shi zhe .ren zhi duan ye .qu yu zhe .yi zhi biao ye .chi ru zhe .yong zhi jue ye .li ming zhe .xing zhi ji ye .shi you ci wu zhe .ran hou ke yi tuo yu shi .lie yu jun zi zhi lin yi .gu huo mo can yu yu li .bei mo tong yu shang xin .xing mo chou yu ru xian .gou mo da yu gong xing .xing yu zhi ren .wu suo bi shu .fei yi shi ye .suo cong lai yuan yi .xi wei ling gong yu yong qu tong zai .kong zi shi chen .shang yang yin jing jian jian .zhao liang han xin .tong zi can cheng .yuan si bian se .zi gu er chi zhi .fu yi zhong cai zhi ren .shi you guan yu huan shu .mo bu shang qi .er kuang yu kang kai zhi shi hu .ru jin chao ting sui fa ren .nai he ling dao ju zhi yu .jian tian xia zhi hao jun zai .pu lai xian ren xu ye .de dai zui nian gu xia .er shi yu nian yi .suo yi zi wei .shang zhi .bu neng na zhong xiao xin .you qi ce cai li zhi yu .zi jie ming zhu .ci zhi .you bu neng shi yi bu que .zhao xian jin neng .xian yan xue zhi shi .wai zhi .bu neng bei xing wu .gong cheng ye zhan .you zhan jiang qian qi zhi gong .xia zhi .bu neng ji ri lei lao .qu zun guan hou lu .yi wei zong zu jiao you guang chong .si zhe wu yi sui .gou he qu rong .wu suo duan chang zhi xiao .ke jian yu ci yi .xiang zhe .pu yi chang ce xia da fu zhi lie .pei wai ting mo yi .bu yi ci shi yin wei gang .jin si lv .jin yi kui xing wei sao chu zhi li .zai ta rong zhi zhong .nai yu yang shou shen mei .lun lie shi fei .bu yi qing chao ting .xiu dang shi zhi shi xie .jie hu .jie hu .ru pu shang he yan zai .shang he yan zai .qie shi ben mo wei yi ming ye .pu shao fu bu ji zhi cai .chang wu xiang qu zhi yu .zhu shang xing yi xian ren zhi gu .shi de feng bao ji .chu ru zhou wei zhi zhong .pu yi wei dai pen he yi wang tian .gu jue bin ke zhi zhi .wang shi jia zhi ye .ri ye si jie qi bu xiao zhi cai li .wu yi xin ying zhi .yi qiu qin mei yu zhu shang .er shi nai you da miu bu ran zhe .fu pu yu li ling ju ju men xia .su fei neng xiang shan ye .qu she yi lu .wei chang xian bei jiu .jie yin qin zhi yu huan .ran pu guan qi wei ren .zi shou qi shi .shi qin xiao .yu shi xin .lin cai lian .qu yu yi .fen bie you rang .gong jian xia ren .chang si fen bu gu shen .yi xun guo jia zhi ji .qi su suo xu ji ye .pu yi wei you guo shi zhi feng .fu ren chen chu wan si bu gu yi sheng zhi ji .fu gong jia zhi nan .si yi qi yi .jin ju shi yi bu dang .er quan qu bao qi zi zhi chen sui er mei nie qi duan .pu cheng si xin tong zhi .qie li ling ti bu zu bu man wu qian .shen jian rong ma zhi di .zu li wang ting .chui er hu kou .heng tiao qiang hu .yang yi wan zhi shi .yu dan yu lian zhan shi you yu ri .suo sha guo dang .lu jiu si fu shang bu gei .zhan qiu zhi jun chang xian zhen bu .nai xi zheng qi zuo .you xian wang .ju yin gong zhi min .yi guo gong gong er wei zhi .zhuan dou qian li .shi jin dao qiong .jiu bing bu zhi .shi zu si shang ru ji .ran ling yi hu lao jun .shi wu bu qi .gong zi liu ti .mei xue yin qi .geng zhang kong juan .mao bai ren .bei shou zheng si di zhe .ling wei mei shi .shi you lai bao .han gong qing wang hou jie feng shang shang shou .hou shu ri .ling bai shu wen .zhu shang wei zhi shi bu gan wei .ting chao bu yi .da chen you ju .bu zhi suo chu .pu qie bu zi liao qi bei jian .jian zhu shang can qi da dao .cheng yu xiao qi kuan kuan zhi yu .yi wei li ling su yu shi da fu jue gan fen shao .neng de ren zhi si li .sui gu zhi ming jiang .bu neng guo ye .shen sui xian bai .bi guan qi yi .qie yu de qi dang er bao yu han .shi yi wu ke nai he .qi suo cui bai .gong yi zu yi bao yu tian xia yi .pu huai yu chen zhi .er wei you lu .shi hui zhao wen .ji yi ci zhi .tui yan ling zhi gong .yu yi guang zhu shang zhi yi .sai ya zi zhi ci .wei neng jin ming .ming zhu bu xiao .yi wei pu ju er shi .er wei li ling you shuo .sui xia yu li .quan quan zhi zhong .zhong bu neng zi lie .yin wei wu shang .zu cong li yi .jia pin .huo lu bu zu yi zi shu .jiao you mo jiu .zuo you qin jin bu wei yi yan .shen fei mu shi .du yu fa li wei wu .shen you ling yu zhi zhong .shui ke gao su zhe .ci zhen shao qing suo qin jian .pu xing shi qi bu ran hu .li ling ji sheng jiang .tui qi jia sheng .er pu you er zhi can shi .zhong wei tian xia guan xiao .bei fu .bei fu .shi wei yi yi er wei su ren yan ye .pu zhi xian fei you po fu dan shu zhi gong .wen shi xing li .jin hu bo zhu zhi jian .gu zhu shang suo xi nong .chang you suo xu .liu su zhi suo qing ye .jia ling pu fu fa shou zhu .ruo jiu niu wang yi mao .yu lou yi he yi yi .er shi you bu yu neng si jie zhe bi .te yi wei zhi qiong zui ji .bu neng zi mian .zu jiu si er .he ye .su suo zi shu li shi ran ye .ren gu you yi si .huo zhong yu tai shan .huo qing yu hong mao .yong zhi suo qu yi ye .tai shang bu ru xian .qi ci bu ru shen .qi ci bu ru li se .qi ci bu ru ci ling .qi ci qu ti shou ru .qi ci yi fu shou ru .qi ci guan mu suo .bei chui chu shou ru .qi ci ti mao fa .ying jin tie shou ru .qi ci hui ji fu .duan zhi ti shou ru .zui xia fu xing ji yi .chuan yue .xing bu shang da fu ..ci yan shi jie bu ke bu mian li ye .meng hu zai shen shan .bai shou zhen kong .ji zai jian jing zhi zhong .yao wei er qiu shi .ji wei yue zhi jian ye .gu shi you hua di wei lao .shi bu ke ru .xiao mu wei li .yi bu ke dui .ding ji yu xian ye .jin jiao shou zu .shou mu suo .bao ji fu .shou bang chui .you yu yuan qiang zhi zhong .dang ci zhi shi .jian yu li ze tou qiang di .shi tu li ze xin ti xi .he zhe .ji wei yue zhi shi ye .ji yi zhi shi .yan bu ru zhe .suo wei qiang yan er .he zu gui hu .qie xi bo .bo ye .ju yu you li .li si .xiang ye .ju yu wu xing .huai yin .wang ye .shou xie yu chen .peng yue .zhang ao .nan mian cheng gu .xi yu di zui .jiang hou zhu zhu lv .quan qing wu bo .qiu yu qing shi .wei qi .da jiang ye .yi zhe yi .guan san mu .ji bu wei zhu jia qian nu .guan fu shou ru yu ju shi .ci ren jie shen zhi wang hou jiang xiang .sheng wen lin guo .ji zui zhi wang jia .bu neng yin jue zi cai .zai chen ai zhi zhong .gu jin yi ti .an zai qi bu ru ye .you ci yan zhi .yong qie .shi ye .qiang ruo .xing ye .shen yi .he zu guai hu .fu ren bu neng zao zi cai sheng mo zhi wai .yi shao ling chi .zhi yu bian chui zhi jian .nai yu yin jie .si bu yi yuan hu .gu ren suo yi zhong shi xing yu da fu zhe .dai wei ci ye .fu ren qing mo bu tan sheng e si .nian fu mu .gu qi zi .zhi ji yu yi li zhe bu ran .nai you suo bu de yi ye .jin pu bu xing .zao shi fu mu .wu xiong di zhi qin .du shen gu li .shao qing shi pu yu qi zi he ru zai .qie yong zhe bu bi si jie .qie fu mu yi .he chu bu mian yan .pu sui qie nuo .yu gou huo .yi po shi qu jiu zhi fen yi .he zhi zi chen ni lei xie zhi ru zai .qie fu zang huo bi qie .you neng yin jue .kuang pu zhi bu de yi hu .suo yi yin ren gou huo .you yu fen tu zhi zhong er bu ci zhe .hen si xin you suo bu jin .bi lou mei shi .er wen cai bu biao yu hou ye .gu zhe fu gui er ming mo mie .bu ke sheng ji .wei ti tang fei chang zhi ren cheng yan .gai wen wang ju er yan .zhou yi ..zhong ni e er zuo .chun qiu ..qu yuan fang zhu .nai fu .li sao ..zuo qiu shi ming .jue you .guo yu ..sun zi bin jiao ..bing fa .xiu lie .bu wei qian shu .shi chuan .lv lan ..han fei qiu qin ..shuo nan ..gu fen ...shi .san bai pian .da di sheng xian fa fen zhi suo wei zuo ye .ci ren jie yi you suo yu jie .bu de tong qi dao .gu shu wang shi .si lai zhe .nai ru zuo qiu wu mu .sun zi duan zu .zhong bu ke yong .tui er lun shu ce .yi shu qi fen .si chui kong wen yi zi jian .pu qie bu xun .jin zi tuo yu wu neng zhi ci .wang luo tian xia fang shi jiu wen .lue kao qi xing shi .zong qi zhong shi .ji qi cheng bai xing huai zhi ji .shang ji xuan yuan .xia zhi yu zi .wei shi biao .ben ji shi er .shu ba zhang .shi jia san shi .lie chuan qi shi .fan bai san shi pian .yi yu yi jiu tian ren zhi ji .tong gu jin zhi bian .cheng yi jia zhi yan .cao chuang wei jiu .hui zao ci huo .xi qi bu cheng .shi yi jiu ji xing er wu yun se .pu cheng yi zhuo ci shu .cang zhi ming shan .chuan zhi qi ren .tong yi da du .ze pu chang qian ru zhi ze .sui wan bei lu .qi you hui zai .ran ci ke wei zhi zhe dao .nan wei su ren yan ye .qie fu xia wei yi ju .xia liu duo bang yi .pu yi kou yu yu zao ci huo .zhong wei xiang dang suo xiao .yi wu ru xian ren .yi he mian mu fu shang fu mu zhi qiu mu hu .sui lei bai shi .gou mi shen er .shi yi chang yi ri er jiu hui .ju ze hu hu ruo you suo wang .chu ze bu zhi qi suo wang .mei nian si chi .han wei chang bu fa bei zhan yi ye .shen zhi wei gui ge zhi chen .ning de zi yin shen cang yu yan xue xie .gu qie cong su fu chen .yu shi fu yang .yi tong qi kuang huo .jin shao qing nai jiao yi tui xian jin shi .wu nai yu pu si xin la miu hu .jin sui yu zi diao zhuo .man ci yi zi shi .wu yi .yu su bu xin .shi zu qu ru er .yao zhi .si ri ran hou shi fei nai ding .shu bu neng xi yi .gu lue chen gu lou .jin zai bai .hao hua bu yu ti xiang ren .lang lin lin .you kong chun feng gui qu lv cheng yin .yu dian he chu xun .mu lan shuang jiang meng zhong yun .xiao heng chen .man xiang gu shan shan xia mi ying ying .cui qin ti yi chun .fu shu nong shu bi .ying hua bao bi hong .huan dang za xing yu .fang fo yin yao kong .

诸葛(ge)孔明的传世之作《出师表》忠义之气万古(gu)流芳，深夜难眠，还是挑灯细细品读吧。
②畿辅：京城附近地区。你今天就要上战场，我只得把痛苦埋藏在心间；
⑺“云龙”句：喻两军厮杀之激烈，如龙虎相斗。云龙风虎，皆阵名。《易·乾》：云从龙，风从虎，圣人(ren)作而万物睹。尽交回，言交战激烈也。汉奸逆贼，也不让一个漏网。
柳愁未醒：是对柳树尚未绽芽吐绿的含蓄说法。我的梦离不开那江上的流水，人们传说你已经到了凤凰山。
（1）天禧：宋真宗（赵恒）年号。这样的日子有何不自在，谁还去羡慕(mu)帝王的权力。
芙蓉泣露、香兰笑：形容乐声时而低回，时而轻快。那琴韵和"叹"息声中,抚琴堕泪的佳人慷慨哀痛的声息不已。
⑧吴惟信，字仲孚，霅川（今浙江吴兴）人。南(nan)宋后期诗人。曲调中听起来会伤心地想到南朝陈(chen)后主，在春殿中酒至半酣时看着细腰女在跳舞。
19.宰严限追比：县令严定期限，催促缴纳。追比，旧时地方官吏(li)严逼人民，限期交税、交差、逾期受杖责，叫“追比”。观看此景魂魄像要失去，经过很多年梦境也不一样了。
⑧父(fu)子见陵辱：匈(xiong)奴的习俗是父亲死后儿子以后母为妻。所以这里说父子都来凌辱自己。

　　然而，对这样一个孤苦可怜的寡妇，统治阶级也并不放过对她的榨取，而且手段是那样残忍：“桑柘废来犹纳税，田园荒后尚征苗。”此处的“纳税”，指缴纳丝税；“征苗”，指征收青苗税，这是代宗广德二年开始增设的田赋附加税，因在粮食未成熟前征收，故称。古时以农桑为本，由于战争的破坏，桑林伐尽了，田园荒芜了，而官府却不顾人民的死活，照旧逼税和“征苗”。残酷的赋税剥削，使这位孤苦贫穷的寡妇无以为生。
　　第二章与第一章相似．只是把笔触转向房屋钟鼓，说它们需要“洒扫”、“鼓考”。可见主人并不是吝啬，而足节俭或太忙，因为越是吝啬的人，越会对自己的财物爱惜得无以复加，一定会把它们收拾得整齐干净，不会“弗洒弗扫” 再结合主人空有编钟大鼓，却从来都不敲不击，可以推测出主人真的灶忙。虽然家资殷富，但没有享乐的时间和闲心。
　　此篇通过孤儿对自己悲苦命运和内心哀痛的诉述，真实有力地描绘了了社会的人情冷漠与人们道德观念的扭曲，揭露了社会关怀与信任基础解体前的黑暗与冷血，是一首具有强烈的人道主义感染力的优秀诗作。
　　此诗每小节的后四句颇值得玩味，诗人以平淡之语，写常见之事，抒普通之情，却使人感到神情逼真，似乎身临其境，亲见其人，领受到闹新房的欢乐滋味，见到了无法用语言形容的美丽的新娘，以及陶醉于幸福之中几至忘乎所以的新郎。这充分显示了民间诗人的创造力。
　　第四句中日趋没落的晚唐社会犹如断弦的弓弩，其颓势已定。谁也不能用凤髓制得续弦胶，把断了的弓弦续上的。不明言“愁”，而其“愁”自见。
　　诗篇的开头借一件古物兴起对前朝人、事、物的慨叹。
　　从“隐居寺”至“遥相待”十一句，是本诗的第二段。描写回忆李白与老朋友见面、重游茅山的情景和感慨。