天台山者，盖山岳之神秀者也。涉海则有方丈、蓬莱，登陆则有四明、天台。皆玄圣之所游化，灵仙之所窟宅。夫其峻极之状、嘉祥之美，穷山海之瑰富，尽人情之壮丽矣。所以不列于五岳、阙载于常典者，岂不以所立冥奥，其路幽迥。或倒景于重溟，或匿峰于千岭；始经魑魅之涂，卒践无人之境；举世罕能登陟，王者莫由堙祀，故事绝于常篇，名标于奇纪。然图像之兴，岂虚也哉！夫遗世玩道、绝粒茹芝者，乌能轻举而宅之？非夫远寄冥搜、笃信通神者，何肯遥想而存之？余所以驰神运思，昼咏宵兴，俯仰之间，若已再升者也。方解缨络，永托兹岭，不任呤想之至，聊奋藻以散怀。太虚辽阔而无阂，运自然之妙有，融而为川渎，结而为山阜。嗟台岳之所奇挺，实神明之所扶持，荫牛宿以曜峰，托灵越以正基。结要弥于华岳，直指高于九嶷。应配天以唐典，齐峻极于周诗。邈彼绝域，幽邃窈窕。近智以守见而不知，仁者以路绝而莫晓。哂夏虫之疑冰，整轻翮而思矫。理无隐而不彰，启二奇以示兆：赤城霞起而建标，瀑布飞流以界道。睹灵验而遂阻，忽乎吾之将行。仍羽人于丹丘，寻不死之福庭。苟台岭之可攀，亦何羡于层城？释域中之常恋，畅超然之高情。被毛褐之森森，振金策之铃铃。披荒棒之蒙笼，陟峭崿之峥嵘。济栖溪而直进，落五界而迅征。跨穹窿之悬磴，临万丈之绝冥。践莓苔之滑石，搏壁立之翠屏。揽桕木之长萝，援葛藟之飞茎。虽一冒于垂堂，乃永存乎长生。必契诚于幽昧，履重险而逾平。既克济于九折，路威夷而修通。恣心目之寥朗，任缓步之从容。苏萋萋之纤草，荫落落之长松。 窥翔鸾之裔裔，听鸣凤之邑邑。过灵溪而一濯，疏烦不想于心胸。荡遗尘于旋流，发五盖之游蒙，追羲农之绝轨，蹑二老之玄踪。陟降信宿，迄于仙都。双阙云竦以夹路，琼台中天而悬居。朱阁玲珑于林间，玉堂阴映于高隅。彤云斐玉以翼棂，皎日炯晃于绮疏。八桂森挺以凌霜，五芝含秀而晨敷。惠风伫芳于阳林，醴泉涌熘于阴渠。建木灭景于千寻，琪树璀璨而垂珠。王乔控鹤以冲天，应真飞锡以蹑虚。驰神辔之挥霍，忽出有而入无。于是游览既周，体静心闲。害马既去，世事多捐。投刃皆虚，目牛无全。凝思幽岩，朗咏长川。尔乃羲和 亭午，游气高褰，法鼓琅以振响，众香馥以杨烟。肆觐天宗，爰集通仙。挹以玄玉之膏，漱以华池之泉；散以象外之说，畅以无生之篇。悟遗有之不尽，觉涉无之有间；泯色空以合迹，忽即有而得玄；释二名之同出，消一无于三幡。恣语乐以终日，竺寂默于不言。浑万象以冥观，兀同体于自然。《吴都赋》云：“户藏烟浦，家具画船。”唯吴兴为然。春游之盛，西湖未能过也。己酉岁，予与萧时父载酒南郭，感遇成歌。双桨来时，有人似、旧曲桃根桃叶。歌扇轻约飞花，蛾眉正奇绝。春渐远、汀洲自绿，更添了几声啼鴂。十里扬州 ，三生杜牧，前事休说。又还是、宫烛分烟，奈愁里、匆匆换时节。都把一襟芳思，与空阶榆荚。千万缕、藏鸦细柳，为玉尊、起舞回雪。想见西出阳关，故人初别。采采卷耳，不盈顷筐。嗟我怀人，寘彼周行。(寘 通：置)陟彼崔嵬，我马虺隤。我姑酌彼金罍，维以不永怀。陟彼高冈，我马玄黄。我姑酌彼兕觥，维以不永伤。陟彼砠矣，我马瘏矣，我仆痡矣，云何吁矣。千形万象竟还空，映水藏山片复重。无限旱苗枯欲尽，悠悠闲处作奇峰。嗟以龙钟身，如何岁复新。石门思隐久，铜镜强窥频。花发新移树，心知故国春。谁能平此恨，岂是北宗人。楚太子有疾，而吴客往问之，曰：“伏闻太子玉体不安，亦少间乎？”太子曰：“惫！谨谢客。”客因称曰：“今时天下安宁，四宇和平，太子方富于年。意者久耽安乐，日夜无极，邪气袭逆，中若结轖。纷屯澹淡，嘘唏烦酲，惕惕憷憷，卧不得瞑。虚中重听，恶闻人声，精神越渫，百病咸生。聪明眩曜，悦怒不平。久执不废，大命乃倾。太子岂有是乎？”太子曰：“谨谢客。赖君之力，时时有之，然未至于是也”。”客曰：“今夫贵人之子，必宫居而闺处，内有保母，外有傅父，欲交无所。饮食则温淳甘膬，脭醲肥厚；衣裳则杂沓曼暖，燂烁热暑。虽有金石之坚，犹将销铄而挺解也，况其在筋骨之间乎哉？故曰：纵耳目之欲，恣支体之安者，伤血脉之和。且夫出舆入辇，命曰蹶痿之机；洞房清官，命曰寒热之媒；皓齿蛾眉，命曰伐性之斧；甘脆肥脓，命曰腐肠之药。今太子肤色靡曼，四支委随，筋骨挺解，血脉淫濯，手足堕窳；越女侍前，齐姬奉后；往来游醼，纵恣于曲房隐间之中。此甘餐毒药，戏勐兽之爪牙也。所从来者至深远，淹滞永久而不废，虽令扁鹊治内，巫咸治外，尚何及哉！今如太子之病者，独宜世之君子，博见强识，承间语事，变度易意，常无离侧，以为羽翼。淹沈之乐，浩唐之心，遁佚之志，其奚由至哉！’’太子曰：“诺。病已，请事此言。”客曰：“今太子之病，可无药石针刺灸疗而已，可以要言妙道说而去也。不欲闻之乎？”太子曰：“仆愿闻之。”客曰：“龙门之桐，高百尺而无枝。中郁结之轮菌，根扶疏以分离。上有千仞之峰，下临百丈之溪。湍流遡波，又澹淡之。其根半死半生。冬则烈风漂霰、飞雪之所激也，夏则霄霆、霹雳之所感也。朝则鹂黄、鳱鴠鸣焉，暮则羁雌、迷鸟宿焉。独鹄晨号乎其上，鹍鸡哀鸣翔乎其下。于是背秋涉冬，使琴挚斫斩以为琴，野茧之丝以为弦，孤子之钩以为隐，九寡之珥以为约。使师堂操《畅》，伯子牙为之歌。歌曰：‘麦秀蔪兮雉朝飞，向虚壑兮背藁槐，依绝区兮临回溪。’飞鸟闻之，翕翼而不能去；野兽闻之，垂耳而不能行；蚑、蟜、蝼、蚁闻之，柱喙而不能前。此亦天下之至悲也，太子能强起听之乎？”太子曰：“仆病未能也。”客曰：“犓牛之腴，菜以笋蒲。肥狗之和，冒以山肤。楚苗之食，安胡之飰，抟之不解，一啜而散。于是使伊尹煎熬，易牙调和。熊蹯之胹，芍药之酱。薄耆之炙，鲜鲤之鲙。秋黄之苏，白露之茹。兰英之酒，酌以涤口。山梁之餐，豢豹之胎。小飰大歠，如汤沃雪。此亦天下之至美也，太子能强起尝之乎？”太子曰：“仆病未能也。”客曰：“钟、岱之牡，齿至之车，前似飞鸟，后类距虚。穱麦服处，躁中烦外。羁坚辔，附易路。于是伯乐相其前后，王良、造父为之御，秦缺、楼季为之右。此两人者，马佚能止之，车覆能起之。于是使射千镒之重，争千里之逐。此亦天下之至骏也，太子能强起乘之乎？”太子曰：“仆病未能也。”客曰：“既登景夷之台，南望荆山，北望汝海，左江右湖，其乐无有。于是使博辩之士，原本山川，极命草木，比物属事，离辞连类。浮游览观，乃下置酒于虞杯之宫。连廊四注，台城层构，纷纭玄绿。辇道邪交，黄池纡曲。溷章、白鹭，孔鸟、鹍鹄，鹓雏、鵁鶄，翠鬣紫缨。螭龙、德牧，邕邕群鸣。阳鱼腾跃，奋翼振鳞。漃漻薵蓼，蔓草芳苓。女桑、河柳，素叶紫茎。苗松、豫章，条上造天。梧桐、并阊，极望成林。众芳芬郁，乱于五风。从容猗靡，消息阳阴。列坐纵酒，荡乐娱心。景春佐酒，杜连理音。滋味杂陈，肴糅错该。练色娱目，流声悦耳。于是乃发《激楚》之结风，扬郑、卫之皓乐。使先施、徵舒、阳文、段干、吴娃、闾娵、傅予之徒，杂裾垂髾，目窕心与。揄流波，杂杜若，蒙清尘，被兰泽，嬿服而御。此亦天下之靡丽、皓侈、广博之乐也，太子能强起游乎？太子曰：“仆病未能也。”客曰：“将为太子驯骐骥之马，驾飞軨之舆，乘牡骏之乘。右夏服之劲箭，左乌号之雕弓。游涉乎云林，周驰乎兰泽，弭节乎江浔。掩青苹，游清风。陶阳气，荡春心。逐狡兽，集轻禽。于是极犬马之才，困野兽之足，穷相御之智巧，恐虎豹，慴鸷鸟。逐马鸣镳，鱼跨麋角。履游麕兔，蹈践麖鹿，汗流沫坠，寃伏陵窘。无创而死者，固足充后乘矣。此校猎之至壮也，太子能强起游乎？”太子曰：“卜病未能也。”然阳气见于眉宇之间，侵淫而上，几满大宅。客见太子有悦色，遂推而进之曰：“冥火薄天，兵车雷运，旌旗偃蹇，羽毛肃纷。驰骋角逐，慕味争先。徼墨广博，观望之有圻；纯粹全牺，献之公门。太子曰：“善！愿复闻之。”客曰：“未既。于是榛林深泽，烟云闇莫，兕虎并作。毅武孔勐，袒裼身薄。白刃硙硙，矛戟交错。收获掌功，赏赐金帛。掩苹肆若，为牧人席。旨酒嘉肴，羞炰脍灸，以御宾客。涌觞并起，动心惊耳。诚不必悔，决绝以诺；贞信之色，形于金石。高歌陈唱，万岁无斁。此真太子之所喜也，能强起而游乎？”太子曰：“仆甚愿从，直恐为诸大夫累耳。”然而有起色矣。客曰：“将以八月之望，与诸侯远方交游兄弟，并往观涛乎广陵之曲江。至则未见涛之形也，徒观水力之所到，则恤然足以骇矣。观其所驾轶者，所擢拔者，所扬汩者，所温汾者，所涤汔者，虽有心略辞给，固未能缕形其所由然也。怳兮忽兮，聊兮栗兮，混汩汩兮，忽兮慌兮，俶兮傥兮，浩瀇瀁兮，慌旷旷兮。秉意乎南山，通望乎东海。虹洞兮苍天，极虑乎崖涘。流揽无穷，归神日母。汩乘流而下降兮，或不知其所止。或纷纭其流折兮，忽缪往而不来。临朱汜而远逝兮，中虚烦而益怠。莫离散而发曙兮，内存心而自持。于是澡概胸中，洒练五藏，澹澉手足，颒濯发齿。揄弃恬怠，输写淟浊，分决狐疑，发皇耳目。当是之时，虽有淹病滞疾，犹将伸伛起躄，发瞽披聋而观望之也，况直眇小烦懑，酲醲病酒之徒哉！故曰：发蒙解惑，不足以言也。”太子曰：“善，然则涛何气哉？”客曰：“不记也。然闻于师曰，似神而非者三：疾雷闻百里；江水逆流，海水上潮；山出内云，日夜不止。衍溢漂疾，波涌而涛起。其始起也，洪淋淋焉，若白鹭之下翔。其少进也，浩浩溰溰，如素车白马帷盖之张。其波涌而云乱，扰扰焉如三军之腾装。其旁作而奔起也，飘飘焉如轻车之勒兵。六驾蛟龙，附从太白。纯驰皓蜺，前后络绎。颙颙卬卬，椐椐强强，莘莘将将。壁垒重坚，沓杂似军行。訇隐匈磕，轧盘涌裔，原不可当。观其两旁，则滂渤怫郁，闇漠感突，上击下律，有似勇壮之卒，突怒而无畏。蹈壁冲津，穷曲随隈，逾岸出追。遇者死，当者坏。初发乎或围之津涯，荄轸谷分。回翔青篾，衔枚檀桓。弭节伍子之山，通厉骨母之场，凌赤岸，篲扶桑，横奔似雷行，诚奋厥武，如振如怒，沌沌浑浑，状如奔马。混混庉庉，声如雷鼓。发怒庢沓，清升逾跇，侯波奋振，合战于藉藉之口。鸟不及飞，鱼不及回，兽不及走。纷纷翼翼，波涌云乱，荡取南山，背击北岸。覆亏丘陵，平夷西畔。险险戏戏，崩坏陂池，决胜乃罢。瀄汩潺湲，披扬流洒。横暴之极，鱼鳖失势，颠倒偃侧，沋沋湲湲，蒲伏连延。神物恠疑，不可胜言。直使人踣焉，洄闇凄怆焉。此天下恠异诡观也，太子能强起观之乎？”太子曰：“仆病未能也。”客曰：“将为太子奏方术之士有资略者，若庄周、魏牟、杨朱、墨翟、便蜎、詹何之伦，使之论天下之精微，理万物之是非。孔、老览观，孟子筹之，万不失一。此亦天下要言妙道也，太子岂欲闻之乎？”于是太子据几而起，曰：“涣乎若一听圣人辩士之言。”涊然汗出，霍然病已。泠泠七弦上，静听松风寒。(七弦 一作：七丝)古调虽自爱，今人多不弹。清溪清我心，水色异诸水。借问新安江，见底何如此。人行明镜中，鸟度屏风里。向晚猩猩啼，空悲远游子。绿桑高下映平川，赛罢田神笑语喧。林外鸣鸠春雨歇，屋头初日杏花繁。

tian tai shan zhe .gai shan yue zhi shen xiu zhe ye .she hai ze you fang zhang .peng lai .deng lu ze you si ming .tian tai .jie xuan sheng zhi suo you hua .ling xian zhi suo ku zhai .fu qi jun ji zhi zhuang .jia xiang zhi mei .qiong shan hai zhi gui fu .jin ren qing zhi zhuang li yi .suo yi bu lie yu wu yue .que zai yu chang dian zhe .qi bu yi suo li ming ao .qi lu you jiong .huo dao jing yu zhong ming .huo ni feng yu qian ling .shi jing chi mei zhi tu .zu jian wu ren zhi jing .ju shi han neng deng zhi .wang zhe mo you yin si .gu shi jue yu chang pian .ming biao yu qi ji .ran tu xiang zhi xing .qi xu ye zai .fu yi shi wan dao .jue li ru zhi zhe .wu neng qing ju er zhai zhi .fei fu yuan ji ming sou .du xin tong shen zhe .he ken yao xiang er cun zhi .yu suo yi chi shen yun si .zhou yong xiao xing .fu yang zhi jian .ruo yi zai sheng zhe ye .fang jie ying luo .yong tuo zi ling .bu ren ling xiang zhi zhi .liao fen zao yi san huai .tai xu liao kuo er wu he .yun zi ran zhi miao you .rong er wei chuan du .jie er wei shan fu .jie tai yue zhi suo qi ting .shi shen ming zhi suo fu chi .yin niu su yi yao feng .tuo ling yue yi zheng ji .jie yao mi yu hua yue .zhi zhi gao yu jiu yi .ying pei tian yi tang dian .qi jun ji yu zhou shi .miao bi jue yu .you sui yao tiao .jin zhi yi shou jian er bu zhi .ren zhe yi lu jue er mo xiao .shen xia chong zhi yi bing .zheng qing he er si jiao .li wu yin er bu zhang .qi er qi yi shi zhao .chi cheng xia qi er jian biao .pu bu fei liu yi jie dao .du ling yan er sui zu .hu hu wu zhi jiang xing .reng yu ren yu dan qiu .xun bu si zhi fu ting .gou tai ling zhi ke pan .yi he xian yu ceng cheng .shi yu zhong zhi chang lian .chang chao ran zhi gao qing .bei mao he zhi sen sen .zhen jin ce zhi ling ling .pi huang bang zhi meng long .zhi qiao e zhi zheng rong .ji qi xi er zhi jin .luo wu jie er xun zheng .kua qiong long zhi xuan deng .lin wan zhang zhi jue ming .jian mei tai zhi hua shi .bo bi li zhi cui ping .lan jiu mu zhi chang luo .yuan ge lei zhi 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.de mu .yong yong qun ming .yang yu teng yue .fen yi zhen lin .ji liao chou liao .man cao fang ling .nv sang .he liu .su ye zi jing .miao song .yu zhang .tiao shang zao tian .wu tong .bing chang .ji wang cheng lin .zhong fang fen yu .luan yu wu feng .cong rong yi mi .xiao xi yang yin .lie zuo zong jiu .dang le yu xin .jing chun zuo jiu .du lian li yin .zi wei za chen .yao rou cuo gai .lian se yu mu .liu sheng yue er .yu shi nai fa .ji chu .zhi jie feng .yang zheng .wei zhi hao le .shi xian shi .zheng shu .yang wen .duan gan .wu wa .lv ju .fu yu zhi tu .za ju chui shao .mu tiao xin yu .yu liu bo .za du ruo .meng qing chen .bei lan ze .yan fu er yu .ci yi tian xia zhi mi li .hao chi .guang bo zhi le ye .tai zi neng qiang qi you hu .tai zi yue ..pu bing wei neng ye ..ke yue ..jiang wei tai zi xun qi ji zhi ma .jia fei ling zhi yu .cheng mu jun zhi cheng .you xia fu zhi jin jian .zuo wu hao zhi diao gong .you she hu yun lin .zhou chi hu lan ze .mi jie hu jiang xun .yan qing ping .you qing 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jiu .yi yu bin ke .yong shang bing qi .dong xin jing er .cheng bu bi hui .jue jue yi nuo .zhen xin zhi se .xing yu jin shi .gao ge chen chang .wan sui wu yi .ci zhen tai zi zhi suo xi ye .neng qiang qi er you hu ..tai zi yue ..pu shen yuan cong .zhi kong wei zhu da fu lei er ..ran er you qi se yi .ke yue ..jiang yi ba yue zhi wang .yu zhu hou yuan fang jiao you xiong di .bing wang guan tao hu guang ling zhi qu jiang .zhi ze wei jian tao zhi xing ye .tu guan shui li zhi suo dao .ze xu ran zu yi hai yi .guan qi suo jia yi zhe .suo zhuo ba zhe .suo yang gu zhe .suo wen fen zhe .suo di qi zhe .sui you xin lue ci gei .gu wei neng lv xing qi suo you ran ye .huang xi hu xi .liao xi li xi .hun gu gu xi .hu xi huang xi .chu xi tang xi .hao wang yang xi .huang kuang kuang xi .bing yi hu nan shan .tong wang hu dong hai .hong dong xi cang tian .ji lv hu ya si .liu lan wu qiong .gui shen ri mu .gu cheng liu er xia jiang xi .huo bu zhi qi suo zhi .huo fen yun qi liu zhe xi .hu miu wang er bu lai .lin zhu si er yuan shi xi .zhong xu fan er yi dai .mo li san er fa shu xi .nei cun xin er zi chi .yu shi zao gai xiong zhong .sa lian wu cang .dan gan shou zu .pou zhuo fa chi .yu qi tian dai .shu xie tian zhuo .fen jue hu yi .fa huang er mu .dang shi zhi shi .sui you yan bing zhi ji .you jiang shen yu qi bi .fa gu pi long er guan wang zhi ye .kuang zhi miao xiao fan men .cheng nong bing jiu zhi tu zai .gu yue .fa meng jie huo .bu zu yi yan ye ..tai zi yue ..shan .ran ze tao he qi zai ..ke yue ..bu ji ye .ran wen yu shi yue .si shen er fei zhe san .ji lei wen bai li .jiang shui ni liu .hai shui shang chao .shan chu nei yun .ri ye bu zhi .yan yi piao ji .bo yong er tao qi .qi shi qi ye .hong lin lin yan .ruo bai lu zhi xia xiang .qi shao jin ye .hao hao ai ai .ru su che bai ma wei gai zhi zhang .qi bo yong er yun luan .rao rao yan ru san jun zhi teng zhuang .qi pang zuo er ben qi ye .piao piao yan ru qing che zhi le bing .liu jia jiao long .fu cong tai bai .chun chi hao ni .qian hou luo yi .yong yong yang yang .ju ju qiang qiang .xin xin jiang jiang .bi lei zhong jian .da za si jun xing .hong yin xiong ke .zha pan yong yi .yuan bu ke dang .guan qi liang pang .ze pang bo fu yu .an mo gan tu .shang ji xia lv .you si yong zhuang zhi zu .tu nu er wu wei .dao bi chong jin .qiong qu sui wei .yu an chu zhui .yu zhe si .dang zhe huai .chu fa hu huo wei zhi jin ya .gai zhen gu fen .hui xiang qing mie .xian mei tan huan .mi jie wu zi zhi shan .tong li gu mu zhi chang .ling chi an .hui fu sang .heng ben si lei xing .cheng fen jue wu .ru zhen ru nu .dun dun hun hun .zhuang ru ben ma .hun hun dun dun .sheng ru lei gu .fa nu zhi da .qing sheng yu yi .hou bo fen zhen .he zhan yu jie jie zhi kou .niao bu ji fei .yu bu ji hui .shou bu ji zou .fen fen yi yi .bo yong yun luan .dang qu nan shan .bei ji bei an .fu kui qiu ling .ping yi xi pan .xian xian xi xi .beng huai bei chi .jue sheng nai ba .zhi gu chan yuan .pi yang liu sa .heng bao zhi ji .yu bie shi shi .dian dao yan ce .you you yuan yuan .pu fu lian yan .shen wu guai yi .bu ke sheng yan .zhi shi ren bo yan .hui an qi chuang yan .ci tian xia guai yi gui guan ye .tai zi neng qiang qi guan zhi hu ..tai zi yue ..pu bing wei neng ye ..ke yue ..jiang wei tai zi zou fang shu zhi shi you zi lue zhe .ruo zhuang zhou .wei mou .yang zhu .mo di .bian yuan .zhan he zhi lun .shi zhi lun tian xia zhi jing wei .li wan wu zhi shi fei .kong .lao lan guan .meng zi chou zhi .wan bu shi yi .ci yi tian xia yao yan miao dao ye .tai zi qi yu wen zhi hu ..yu shi tai zi ju ji er qi .yue ..huan hu ruo yi ting sheng ren bian shi zhi yan ..nian ran han chu .huo ran bing yi .ling ling qi xian shang .jing ting song feng han ..qi xian yi zuo .qi si .gu diao sui zi ai .jin ren duo bu dan .qing xi qing wo xin .shui se yi zhu shui .jie wen xin an jiang .jian di he ru ci .ren xing ming jing zhong .niao du ping feng li .xiang wan xing xing ti .kong bei yuan you zi .lv sang gao xia ying ping chuan .sai ba tian shen xiao yu xuan .lin wai ming jiu chun yu xie .wu tou chu ri xing hua fan .

在开国初年，有个乔山人善于弹琴。他(ta)(ta)弹琴的指法很精湛，曾经得到过高人传授。他常常在荒山野岭，多次地弹奏，使飞鸟凄凉，使鹘鸟寒冷，一起应和着悲哀地鸣叫。后来(他)游历到楚国，在旅店独自弹奏洞庭曲。隔壁的一位老妇人听了琴音，非常感动，不(bu)禁感叹惋惜。（曲子）已经弹奏完了，（乔山人）叹息道：“我弹琴大半辈子，没想到在这里遇见了知音！”（乔山人）敲门(men)问她，老妇人说道：“我的丈夫活着的时候，是把弹棉花当作职业的。现在听见你在这里弹的琴声，极像我老伴弹棉花的声音罢了!"乔山人一句话都没说地走开了。
⑾凌，凌驾，高出。沧洲，江海。　　齐王听到这个消息，君臣震恐，连忙派遣太傅带“黄金千金、文车二驷、服剑一、封书”等物，非常隆重地向孟尝君谢罪，请孟尝君要“顾先王之宗庙，姑反国统万人乎”。冯谖劝孟尝君趁机索取先王的祭器，“立(li)宗庙于薛”。等齐国的宗庙在薛地落成后，冯谖向孟尝君报告说：“三窟已就，君姑高枕为乐矣”。（《战国策·齐策》）自从齐泯王罢免了孟尝君的相位后，门下食客多离他而去。孟尝君恢复相位后，冯谖策马前去迎接，其他门客都未到。孟尝君感慨地对冯谖说，自己一生好客，对待客人从来不敢有所闪失，而他们见我被罢官(guan)，却都离我而去了。今仰赖冯谖先生得以恢复相位，门客还有什么脸面再见我呢？我如果再见到他们，“必(bi)唾其面而大辱之”。冯谖听了忙下马向孟尝君叩头，孟尝君急下马制止，问他是否是替其他的门客谢罪。冯谖说，不是。而是为“君之言失”。他说，任何事物发展都有自身的规律，像有生命的东西一定会死亡一样，这是一种必然规律；“富贵多士，贫贱寡友”，这也是一种规律。赶集上市的人，清晨时都急急地赶往集市；但到日落时，人们就是经过集市，也只是甩着膀子走过去，看也不看一眼。他们不是爱好清晨，厌恶傍晚，而是因为傍晚时分，希望得到的东西，在那儿已经没有了。您失去相位，宾客自然都离去了，您不应该因此埋怨士人，希望孟尝君能够“遇客如故”。孟尝君非常感激冯谖的提醒，于是再次拜谢并接受了冯谖的建议，“敬从命矣，闻先生之言，敢不奉教焉”。（《史记·孟尝君列传》）
⑿熠耀：光明的样子。宵行：磷火。人们的好恶本来不相同，只是这邦小人更加怪异。
③故道：指“伏波将军”马援率领军队(dui)攻打越南曾走过的路。洪水如渊深不见底，怎样才能将它填平？
⑦丁香千结：语出毛文锡《更漏子》词：“庭下丁香千结”。苦（读作古）麄（“粗”之古体）生：张相《诗词曲语辞汇释》卷二谓：“苦粗生，犹云太粗生，亦甚辞。”苦粗：当作不舒展、低俗而不可爱的意思。苦：有嫌弃之意。勤政楼前百技竞赛，各自展现自己的高超与魅力，而王大娘的长竿更是鹤立鸡群，惊险美妙无比。
162.平胁曼肤，何以肥之：平，通“骿（pián）”，并胁。曼肤：指腹肥盛大。闻一多认为，此二句“状有易女之美”。王逸《章句》：“言纣为无道，诸侯背畔，天下乖离，当怀忧癯（qú）瘦，而反形体曼泽，独何以能平胁肥盛乎？”（二）
⑵尚衣：官名。隋唐有尚衣局，掌管皇帝的衣服。翠云裘：饰有绿色云纹的皮衣。

　　古今多数文学史家和舆论家们，他们把温庭筠的词嗤之以为梁陈余风，视为靡靡之音，不信他能有什么政治寄托。几乎等于把美人香草要从《离骚》中赶了出来。这对于温庭筠是有欠公正的。
　　如用一“蔼”字，表现月光深暗，创造氛围。
　　这段曲词的开头，作者借用典故来极力渲染莺莺内心的悲戚。“淋漓襟袖啼红泪，比司马青衫更湿。”“红泪”，古代传说，曾经有一个少女被选入皇宫，在同她的父母分别时，哭得很伤心，用玉壶接下她的眼泪，玉壶都染成红色的了。后来把女子非常悲伤时流的眼泪叫“红泪”。“比司马青衫更湿”，是融化了唐代诗人白居易的长诗《琵琶行》中最后两句：“座中泣下谁最多？江州司马青衫湿。”“江州司马”是白居易当时担任的官名，指的是白居易。这两句是说，莺莺为离别之苦而流的眼泪湿透了衣衫，比当年白居易听琵琶女弹奏时流的眼泪还要多。接下来作者又以比喻的手法进一步抒写莺莺的心绪：“伯劳东去燕西飞，未登程先问归期。”“伯劳”是一种鸟。这两句是说，伯劳和燕子就要一个飞东一个飞西了，还没有起飞分开就问今后相会的日子。经过这些铺张描写，人物的感情已成奔腾之势向高潮发展。这时候，作者却避过潮头，另敷新笔：“虽然眼底人千里，且尽樽前酒一杯。”纵然马上就要相别千里，姑且在聚合时再饮一杯送行酒吧。这是由极度悲哀转向无可奈何时的一句宽慰话。这一笔，虽在意想之外，却在情理之中。它使得整段曲词错落有致，人物的内心活动也显得波澜起伏。经过这样的跌宕回旋，作者才放纵笔墨把人物的感情推向高潮：“未饮心先醉，眼中流血，心内成灰。”“未饮心先醉”，是宋代词人柳永【诉衷情近】词中的一句，原文是“未饮心如醉”。王实甫把它改成“未饮心先醉”，语意就更加沉重。这三句是说，哪里还要饮什么送行酒啊，还没饮酒，心早已如痴如醉了!眼泪流尽继之以血，这颗心早已被折磨得像死灰一样了。这同上面“虽然眼底人千里，且尽樽前酒一杯”相对照，是感情上的一个突变，由一刹那间的宽慰，转到痛不欲生的悲哀。实际上，前两句是后三句的映衬对比，可以说这是一种欲放先收、欲高先低的手法。
　　尾联写诗人获得了思想的启迪。“世界微尘里，吾宁爱与憎。”佛教认为大千世界全在微尘之中，人也不过就是微尘而已。诗人领悟了这个道理，表示今后不再纠缠爱憎，众心净虑，以淡泊之怀面对仕途荣辱。
　　第二句补足首句，“赚得行人空喜欢”，“赚”字富于幽默风趣。行人心目中下岭的容易，与它实际上的艰难形成鲜明对比，因此说“赚”——行人是被自己对下岭的主观想象骗了。诗人在这里点出而不说破，给读者留下悬念，使下两句的出现更引人注目。
　　诗人视线又移向另一角度。那边是“野火烧冈草，断烟生石松”。远处山冈上，野草正在燃烧。劲松郁郁苍苍，日暮的烟霭似断断续续生于石松之间，而傲立的古松又冲破烟雾耸向云天。“野火”、“断烟”是一联远景，它一明一暗，随着时间的推移而变化。“冈草”貌似枯弱，而生命力特别旺盛，“野火”也不能烧尽。“石松”坚操劲节，形象高大纯洁，“断烟”也不遮掩。