汉昭帝逝世，昌邑王刘贺被废黜，汉宣帝刘询刚刚登上皇位。路温舒呈上奏书，奏书说：昭帝崩，昌邑王贺废，宣帝初即位，路温舒上书，言宜尚德缓刑。其辞曰：“臣闻齐有无知之祸，而桓公以兴；晋有骊姬之难，而文公用伯。近世赵王不终，诸吕作乱，而孝文为太宗。由是观之，祸乱之作，将以开圣人也。故桓、文扶微兴坏，尊文、武之业，泽加百姓，功润诸侯，虽不及三王，天下归仁焉。文帝永思至德，以承天心，崇仁义，省刑罚，通关梁，一远近，敬贤如大宾，爱民如赤子，内恕情之所安而施之于海内，是以囹圄空虚，天下太平。夫继变化之后，必有异旧之恩，此贤圣所以昭天命也。“往者，昭帝即世而无嗣，大臣忧戚，焦心合谋，皆以昌邑尊亲，援而立之。然天不授命，淫乱其心，遂以自亡。深察祸变之故，乃皇天之所以开至圣也。故大将军受命武帝，股肱汉国，披肝胆，决大计，黜亡义，立有德，辅天而行，然后宗庙以安，天下咸宁。臣闻《春秋》正即位，大一统而慎始也。陛下初登至尊，与天合符，宜改前世之失，正始受命之统，涤烦文，除民疾，存亡继绝，以应天意。“臣闻秦有十失，其一尚存，治狱之吏是也。秦之时，羞文学，好武勇，贱仁义之士，贵治狱之吏，正言者谓之诽谤，遏过者谓之妖言，故盛服先王不用于世⒅，忠良切言皆郁于胸，誉谀之声日满于耳，虚美熏心，实祸蔽塞，此乃秦之所以亡天下也。方今天下，赖陛下恩厚，亡金革之危、饥寒之患，父子夫妻戮力安家，然太平未洽者，狱乱之也。夫狱者，天下之大命也，死者不可复生，绝者不可复属。《书》曰：“与其杀不辜，宁失不经。”今治狱吏则不然，上下相驱，以刻为明，深者获公名，平者多后患。故治狱之吏，皆欲人死，非憎人也，自安之道在人之死。是以死人之血流离于市，被刑之徒比肩而立，大辟之计岁以万数。此仁圣之所以伤也。太平之未洽，凡以此也。夫人情安则乐生，痛则思死，棰楚之下，何求而不得？做囚人不胜痛，则饰词以视之，吏治者利其然，则指道以明之，上奏畏却，则锻练而周内之；盖奏当之成，虽咎繇听之，犹以为死有余辜。何则？成练者众，文致之罪明也。是以狱吏专为深刻，残贼而亡极，媮为一切，不顾国患，此世之大贼也。故俗语曰：“画地为狱议不入；刻木为吏期不对。”此皆疾吏之风，悲痛之辞也。故天下之患，莫深于狱；败法乱正，离亲塞道，莫甚乎治狱之吏，此所谓一尚存者也。”“臣闻乌鸢之卵不毁，而后凤凰集；诽谤之罪不诛，而后良言进。故古人有言：“山薮臧疾，川泽纳污，瑾瑜匿恶，国君含诟。”唯陛下除诽谤以招切言，开天下之口，广箴谏之路，扫亡秦之失，尊文武之德，省法制，宽刑罚，以废治狱，则太平之风可兴于世，永履和乐，与天亡极，天下幸甚。”上善其言。寒泉夜落玉丁当。松梢月转琴栖影，柏径风牵麝食香。把酒对斜日，无语问西风。胭脂何事，都做颜色染芙蓉。放眼暮江千顷，中有离愁万斛，无处落征鸿。天在阑干角，人倚醉醒中。千万里，江南北，浙西东。吾生如寄，尚想三径菊花丛。谁是中州豪杰，借我五湖舟楫，去作钓鱼翁。故国且回首，此意莫匆匆。梅谢了，塞垣冻解鸿归早。鸿归早，凭伊问讯，大梁遗老。浙河西面边声悄，淮河北去炊烟少。炊烟少。宣和宫殿，冷烟衰草。东归复得采真游，江水迎君日夜流。客舍不离青雀舫，人家旧在白鸥洲。风吹山带遥知雨，露湿荷裳已报秋。闻道泉明居止近，篮舆相访为淹留。君因风送入青云，我被人驱向鸭群。雪颈霜毛红网掌，请看何处不如君？维太平不易之元，蓉桂竞芳之月，无可奈何之日，怡红院浊玉，谨以群花之蕊，冰鲛之縠，沁芳之泉，枫露之茗，四者虽微，聊以达诚申信，乃致祭于白帝宫中抚司秋艳芙蓉女儿之前曰：窃思女儿自临浊世，迄今凡十有（通“又）”六载。其先之乡籍姓氏，湮沦而莫能考者久矣。而玉得于衾枕栉沐之间，栖息宴游之夕，亲昵狎亵，相与共处者，仅五年八月有奇。忆女儿曩生之昔，其为质则金玉不足喻其贵，其为性则冰雪不足喻其洁，其为神则星日不足喻其精，其为貌则花月不足喻其色。姊娣悉慕媖娴，妪媪咸仰惠德。孰料鸠鸩恶其高，鹰鸷翻遭罦罬；薋葹妒其臭，茝兰竟被芟鉏！花原自怯，岂奈狂飙；柳本多愁，何禁骤雨！偶遭蛊虿之谗，遂抱膏肓之疚。故樱唇红褪，韵吐呻吟；杏脸香枯，色陈顑颔。诼谣謑诟，出自屏帏；荆棘蓬榛，蔓延户牖。岂招尤则替，实攘诟而终。既忳幽沉于不尽，复含罔屈于无穷。高标见嫉，闺帏恨比长沙；直烈遭危，巾帼惨于羽野。自蓄辛酸，谁怜夭折？仙云既散，芳趾难寻。洲迷聚窟，何来却死之香？海失灵槎，不获回生之药。眉黛烟青，昨犹我画；指环玉冷，今倩谁温？鼎炉之剩药犹存，襟泪之余痕尚渍。镜分鸾别，愁开麝月之奁；梳化龙飞，哀折檀云之齿。委金钿于草莽，拾翠盒于尘埃。楼空鳷鹊，徒悬七夕之针；带断鸳鸯，谁续五丝之缕？况乃金天属节，白帝司时，孤衾有梦，空室无人。桐阶月暗，芳魂与倩影同销；蓉帐香残，娇喘共细言皆绝。连天衰草，岂独蒹葭；匝地悲声，无非蟋蟀。露阶晚砌，穿帘不度寒砧；雨荔秋垣，隔院希闻怨笛。芳名未泯，檐前鹦鹉犹唿；艳质将亡，槛外海棠预萎。捉迷屏后，莲瓣无声；斗草庭前，兰芳枉待。抛残绣线，银笺彩缕谁裁？褶断冰丝，金斗御香未熨。昨承严命，既趋车而远陟芳园；今犯慈威，复拄杖而近抛孤柩。及闻蕙棺被燹，惭违共穴之盟；石椁成灾，愧迨同灰之诮。尔乃西风古寺，淹滞青燐，落日荒丘，零星白骨。楸榆飒飒，蓬艾萧萧。隔雾圹以啼猿，绕烟塍而泣鬼。自为红绡帐里，公子情深；始信黄土陇中，女儿命薄！汝南泪血，斑斑洒向西风；梓泽馀衷，默默诉凭冷月。呜唿！固鬼蜮之为灾，岂神灵而亦妒？箝诐奴之口，讨岂从宽？剖悍妇之心，忿犹未释！在卿之尘缘虽浅，而玉之鄙意尤深。因蓄惓惓之思，不禁谆谆之问。始知上帝垂旌，花宫待诏，生侪兰蕙，死辖芙蓉。听小婢之言，似涉无稽；据浊玉之思，则深为有据。何也：昔叶法善摄魂以撰碑，李长吉被诏而为记，事虽殊其理则一也。故相物以配才，苟非其人，恶乃滥乎其位？始信上帝委托权衡，可谓至洽至协，庶不负其所秉赋也。因希其不昧之灵，或陟降于兹，特不揣鄙俗之词，有污慧听。乃歌而招之曰：天何如是之苍苍兮，乘玉虬以游乎穹窿耶？地何如是之茫茫兮，驾瑶象以降乎泉壤耶？望伞盖之陆离兮，抑箕尾之光耶？列羽葆而为前导兮，卫危虚于傍耶？驱丰隆以为庇从兮，望舒月以临耶？听车轨而伊轧兮，御鸾鹥以征耶？闻馥郁而薆然兮，纫蘅杜以为纕耶？炫裙裾之烁烁兮，镂明月以为珰耶？借葳蕤而成坛畤兮，檠莲焰以烛兰膏耶？文瓠瓟以为觯斝兮，漉醽醁以浮桂醑耶？瞻云气而凝盼兮，仿佛有所觇耶？俯窈窕而属耳兮，恍惚有所闻耶？期汗漫而无夭阏兮，忍捐弃予于尘埃耶？倩风廉之为余驱车兮，冀联辔而携归耶？余中心为之慨然兮，徒噭噭而何为耶？卿偃然而长寝兮，岂天运之变于斯耶？既窀穸且安稳兮，反其真而又奚化耶？余犹桎梏而悬附兮，灵格余以嗟来耶？来兮止兮，卿其来耶？若夫鸿蒙而居，寂静以处，虽临于兹，余亦莫睹。搴烟萝而为步障，列苍蒲而森行伍。警柳眼之贪眠，释莲心之味苦。素女约于桂岩，宓妃迎于兰渚。弄玉吹笙，寒簧击敔。征嵩岳之妃，启骊山之姥。龟呈洛浦之灵，兽作咸池之舞。潜赤水兮龙吟，集珠林兮凤翥。爰格爰诚，匪簠匪莒。发轫乎霞城，还旌乎玄圃。既显微而若通，复氤氲而倏阻。离合兮烟云，空蒙兮雾雨。尘霾敛兮星高，溪山丽兮月午。何心意之忡忡，若寤寐之栩栩？余乃欷歔怅望，泣涕彷徨。人语兮寂历，天籁兮篔筜。鸟惊散而飞，鱼唼喋以响。志哀兮是祷，成礼兮期祥。呜唿哀哉！尚飨！梁王魏婴觞诸侯于范台。酒酣，请鲁君举觞。鲁君兴，避席择言曰：“昔者，帝女令仪狄作酒而美，进之禹，禹饮而甘之，遂疏仪狄，绝旨酒，曰：‘后世必有以酒亡其国者。’齐桓公夜半不嗛，易牙乃煎熬燔灸，和调五味而进之，桓公食之而饱，至旦不觉，曰：‘后世必有以味亡其国者。’晋文公得南之威，三日不听朝，遂推南之威而远之，曰：‘后世必有以色亡其国者。’楚王登强台而望崩山，左江而右湖，以临彷徨，其乐忘死，遂盟强台而弗登，曰：‘后世必有以高台陂池亡其国者。’今主君之尊，仪狄之酒以；主君之味，易牙之调也；左白台而右闾须，南威之美也；前夹林而后兰台，强台之乐也。有一于此，足以亡其国。今主君兼此四者，可无戒与！”梁王称善相属。余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕圣贤之道 ，又患无硕师、名人与游，尝趋百里外，从乡之先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。余立侍左右，援疑质理，俯身倾耳以请；或遇其叱咄，色愈恭，礼愈至，不敢出一言以复；俟其欣悦，则又请焉。故余虽愚，卒获有所闻。当余之从师也，负箧曳屣，行深山巨谷中，穷冬烈风，大雪深数尺，足肤皲裂而不知。至舍，四支僵劲不能动，媵人持汤沃灌，以衾拥覆，久而乃和。寓逆旅，主人日再食，无鲜肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽，腰白玉之环，左佩刀，右备容臭，烨然若神人；余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意。以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。盖余之勤且艰若此。今虽耄老，未有所成，犹幸预君子之列，而承天子之宠光，缀公卿之后，日侍坐备顾问，四海亦谬称其氏名，况才之过于余者乎？今诸生学于太学，县官日有廪稍之供，父母岁有裘葛之遗，无冻馁之患矣；坐大厦之下而诵《诗》《书》，无奔走之劳矣；有司业、博士为之师，未有问而不告，求而不得者也；凡所宜有之书，皆集于此，不必若余之手录，假诸人而后见也。其业有不精，德有不成者，非天质之卑，则心不若余之专耳，岂他人之过哉！东阳马生君则，在太学已二年，流辈甚称其贤。余朝京师，生以乡人子谒余，撰长书以为贽，辞甚畅达，与之论辩，言和而色夷。自谓少时用心于学甚劳，是可谓善学者矣！其将归见其亲也，余故道为学之难以告之。谓余勉乡人以学者，余之志也；诋我夸际遇之盛而骄乡人者，岂知余者哉！欧阳子方夜读书，闻有声自西南来者，悚然而听之，曰：“异哉！”初淅沥以萧飒，忽奔腾而砰湃，如波涛夜惊，风雨骤至。其触于物也，鏦鏦铮铮，金铁皆鸣；又如赴敌之兵，衔枚疾走，不闻号令，但闻人马之行声。余谓童子：“此何声也？汝出视之。”童子曰：“星月皎洁，明河在天，四无人声，声在树间。”余曰：“噫嘻悲哉！此秋声也，胡为而来哉？盖夫秋之为状也：其色惨淡，烟霏云敛；其容清明，天高日晶；其气栗冽，砭人肌骨；其意萧条，山川寂寥。故其为声也，凄凄切切，唿号愤发。丰草绿缛而争茂，佳木葱茏而可悦；草拂之而色变，木遭之而叶脱。其所以摧败零落者，乃其一气之余烈。夫秋，刑官也，于时为阴；又兵象也，于行用金，是谓天地之义气，常以肃杀而为心。天之于物，春生秋实，故其在乐也，商声主西方之音，夷则为七月之律。商，伤也，物既老而悲伤；夷，戮也，物过盛而当杀。” (余曰 一作：予曰)“嗟乎！草木无情，有时飘零。人为动物，惟物之灵；百忧感其心，万事劳其形；有动于中，必摇其精。而况思其力之所不及，忧其智之所不能；宜其渥然丹者为藁木，黟然黑者为星星。奈何以非金石之质，欲与草木而争荣？念谁为之戕贼，亦何恨乎秋声！”童子莫对，垂头而睡。但闻四壁虫声唧唧，如助予之叹息。

han zhao di shi shi .chang yi wang liu he bei fei chu .han xuan di liu xun gang gang deng shang huang wei .lu wen shu cheng shang zou shu .zou shu shuo .zhao di beng .chang yi wang he fei .xuan di chu ji wei .lu wen shu shang shu .yan yi shang de huan xing .qi ci yue ..chen wen qi you wu zhi zhi huo .er huan gong yi xing .jin you li ji zhi nan .er wen gong yong bo .jin shi zhao wang bu zhong .zhu lv zuo luan .er xiao wen wei tai zong .you shi guan zhi .huo luan zhi zuo .jiang yi kai sheng ren ye .gu huan .wen fu wei xing huai .zun wen .wu zhi ye .ze jia bai xing .gong run zhu hou .sui bu ji san wang .tian xia gui ren yan .wen di yong si zhi de .yi cheng tian xin .chong ren yi .sheng xing fa .tong guan liang .yi yuan jin .jing xian ru da bin .ai min ru chi zi .nei shu qing zhi suo an er shi zhi yu hai nei .shi yi ling yu kong xu .tian xia tai ping .fu ji bian hua zhi hou .bi you yi jiu zhi en .ci xian sheng suo yi zhao tian ming ye ..wang zhe .zhao di ji shi er wu si .da chen you qi .jiao xin he mou .jie yi chang yi zun qin .yuan er li zhi .ran tian bu shou ming .yin luan qi xin .sui yi zi wang .shen cha huo bian zhi gu .nai huang tian zhi suo yi kai zhi sheng ye .gu da jiang jun shou ming wu di .gu gong han guo .pi gan dan .jue da ji .chu wang yi .li you de .fu tian er xing .ran hou zong miao yi an .tian xia xian ning .chen wen .chun qiu .zheng ji wei .da yi tong er shen shi ye .bi xia chu deng zhi zun .yu tian he fu .yi gai qian shi zhi shi .zheng shi shou ming zhi tong .di fan wen .chu min ji .cun wang ji jue .yi ying tian yi ..chen wen qin you shi shi .qi yi shang cun .zhi yu zhi li shi ye .qin zhi shi .xiu wen xue .hao wu yong .jian ren yi zhi shi .gui zhi yu zhi li .zheng yan zhe wei zhi fei bang .e guo zhe wei zhi yao yan .gu sheng fu xian wang bu yong yu shi ..zhong liang qie yan jie yu yu xiong .yu yu zhi sheng ri man yu er .xu mei xun xin .shi huo bi sai .ci nai qin zhi suo yi wang tian xia ye .fang jin tian xia .lai bi xia en hou .wang jin ge zhi wei .ji han zhi huan .fu zi fu qi lu li an jia .ran tai ping wei qia zhe .yu luan zhi ye .fu yu zhe .tian xia zhi da ming ye .si zhe bu ke fu sheng .jue zhe bu ke fu shu ..shu .yue ..yu qi sha bu gu .ning shi bu jing ..jin zhi yu li ze bu ran .shang xia xiang qu .yi ke wei ming .shen zhe huo gong ming .ping zhe duo hou huan .gu zhi yu zhi li .jie yu ren si .fei zeng ren ye .zi an zhi dao zai ren zhi si .shi yi si ren zhi xue liu li yu shi .bei xing zhi tu bi jian er li .da bi zhi ji sui yi wan shu .ci ren sheng zhi suo yi shang ye .tai ping zhi wei qia .fan yi ci ye .fu ren qing an ze le sheng .tong ze si si .chui chu zhi xia .he qiu er bu de .zuo qiu ren bu sheng tong .ze shi ci yi shi zhi .li zhi zhe li qi ran .ze zhi dao yi ming zhi .shang zou wei que .ze duan lian er zhou nei zhi .gai zou dang zhi cheng .sui jiu yao ting zhi .you yi wei si you yu gu .he ze .cheng lian zhe zhong .wen zhi zhi zui ming ye .shi yi yu li zhuan wei shen ke .can zei er wang ji .tou wei yi qie .bu gu guo huan .ci shi zhi da zei ye .gu su yu yue ..hua di wei yu yi bu ru .ke mu wei li qi bu dui ..ci jie ji li zhi feng .bei tong zhi ci ye .gu tian xia zhi huan .mo shen yu yu .bai fa luan zheng .li qin sai dao .mo shen hu zhi yu zhi li .ci suo wei yi shang cun zhe ye ...chen wen wu yuan zhi luan bu hui .er hou feng huang ji .fei bang zhi zui bu zhu .er hou liang yan jin .gu gu ren you yan ..shan sou zang ji .chuan ze na wu .jin yu ni e .guo jun han gou ..wei bi xia chu fei bang yi zhao qie yan .kai tian xia zhi kou .guang zhen jian zhi lu .sao wang qin zhi shi .zun wen wu zhi de .sheng fa zhi .kuan xing fa .yi fei zhi yu .ze tai ping zhi feng ke xing yu shi .yong lv he le .yu tian wang ji .tian xia xing shen ..shang shan qi yan .han quan ye luo yu ding dang .song shao yue zhuan qin qi ying .bai jing feng qian she shi xiang .ba jiu dui xie ri .wu yu wen xi feng .yan zhi he shi .du zuo yan se ran fu rong .fang yan mu jiang qian qing .zhong you li chou wan hu .wu chu luo zheng hong .tian zai lan gan jiao .ren yi zui xing zhong .qian wan li .jiang nan bei .zhe xi dong .wu sheng ru ji .shang xiang san jing ju hua cong .shui shi zhong zhou hao jie .jie wo wu hu zhou ji .qu zuo diao yu weng .gu guo qie hui shou .ci yi mo cong cong .mei xie liao .sai yuan dong jie hong gui zao .hong gui zao .ping yi wen xun .da liang yi lao .zhe he xi mian bian sheng qiao .huai he bei qu chui yan shao .chui yan shao .xuan he gong dian .leng yan shuai cao .dong gui fu de cai zhen you .jiang shui ying jun ri ye liu .ke she bu li qing que fang .ren jia jiu zai bai ou zhou .feng chui shan dai yao zhi yu .lu shi he shang yi bao qiu .wen dao quan ming ju zhi jin .lan yu xiang fang wei yan liu .jun yin feng song ru qing yun .wo bei ren qu xiang ya qun .xue jing shuang mao hong wang zhang .qing kan he chu bu ru jun .wei tai ping bu yi zhi yuan .rong gui jing fang zhi yue .wu ke nai he zhi ri .yi hong yuan zhuo yu .jin yi qun hua zhi rui .bing jiao zhi hu .qin fang zhi quan .feng lu zhi ming .si zhe sui wei .liao yi da cheng shen xin .nai zhi ji yu bai di gong zhong fu si qiu yan fu rong nv er zhi qian yue .qie si nv er zi lin zhuo shi .qi jin fan shi you .tong .you ..liu zai .qi xian zhi xiang ji xing shi .yan lun er mo neng kao zhe jiu yi .er yu de yu qin zhen zhi mu zhi jian .qi xi yan you zhi xi .qin ni xia xie .xiang yu gong chu zhe .jin wu nian ba yue you qi .yi nv er nang sheng zhi xi .qi wei zhi ze jin yu bu zu yu qi gui .qi wei xing ze bing xue bu zu yu qi jie .qi wei shen ze xing ri bu zu yu qi jing .qi wei mao ze hua yue bu zu yu qi se .zi di xi mu ying xian .yu ao xian yang hui de .shu liao jiu zhen e qi gao .ying zhi fan zao fu zhuo .ci shi du qi chou .chai lan jing bei shan chu .hua yuan zi qie .qi nai kuang biao .liu ben duo chou .he jin zhou yu .ou zao gu chai zhi chan .sui bao gao huang zhi jiu .gu ying chun hong tui .yun tu shen yin .xing lian xiang ku .se chen kan han .zhuo yao xi gou .chu zi ping wei .jing ji peng zhen .man yan hu you .qi zhao you ze ti .shi rang gou er zhong .ji tun you chen yu bu jin .fu han wang qu yu wu qiong .gao biao jian ji .gui wei hen bi chang sha .zhi lie zao wei .jin guo can yu yu ye .zi xu xin suan .shui lian yao zhe .xian yun ji san .fang zhi nan xun .zhou mi ju ku .he lai que si zhi xiang .hai shi ling cha .bu huo hui sheng zhi yao .mei dai yan qing .zuo you wo hua .zhi huan yu leng .jin qian shui wen .ding lu zhi sheng yao you cun .jin lei zhi yu hen shang zi .jing fen luan bie .chou kai she yue zhi lian .shu hua long fei .ai zhe tan yun zhi chi .wei jin dian yu cao mang .shi cui he yu chen ai .lou kong zhi que .tu xuan qi xi zhi zhen .dai duan yuan yang .shui xu wu si zhi lv .kuang nai jin tian shu jie .bai di si shi .gu qin you meng .kong shi wu ren .tong jie yue an .fang hun yu qian ying tong xiao .rong zhang xiang can .jiao chuan gong xi yan jie jue .lian tian shuai cao .qi du jian jia .za di bei sheng .wu fei xi shuai .lu jie wan qi .chuan lian bu du han zhen .yu li qiu yuan .ge yuan xi wen yuan di .fang ming wei min .yan qian ying wu you hu .yan zhi jiang wang .jian wai hai tang yu wei .zhuo mi ping hou .lian ban wu sheng .dou cao ting qian .lan fang wang dai .pao can xiu xian .yin jian cai lv shui cai .zhe duan bing si .jin dou yu xiang wei yun .zuo cheng yan ming .ji qu che er yuan zhi fang yuan .jin fan ci wei .fu zhu zhang er jin pao gu jiu .ji wen hui guan bei xian .can wei gong xue zhi meng .shi guo cheng zai .kui dai tong hui zhi qiao .er nai xi feng gu si .yan zhi qing lin .luo ri huang qiu .ling xing bai gu .qiu yu sa sa .peng ai xiao xiao .ge wu kuang yi ti yuan .rao yan cheng er qi gui .zi wei hong xiao zhang li .gong zi qing shen .shi xin huang tu long zhong .nv er ming bao .ru nan lei xue .ban ban sa xiang xi feng .zi ze yu zhong .mo mo su ping leng yue .wu hu .gu gui yu zhi wei zai .qi shen ling er yi du .qian bi nu zhi kou .tao qi cong kuan .po han fu zhi xin .fen you wei shi .zai qing zhi chen yuan sui qian .er yu zhi bi yi you shen .yin xu quan quan zhi si .bu jin zhun zhun zhi wen .shi zhi shang di chui jing .hua gong dai zhao .sheng chai lan hui .si xia fu rong .ting xiao bi zhi yan .si she wu ji .ju zhuo yu zhi si .ze shen wei you ju .he ye .xi ye fa shan she hun yi zhuan bei .li chang ji bei zhao er wei ji .shi sui shu qi li ze yi ye .gu xiang wu yi pei cai .gou fei qi ren .e nai lan hu qi wei .shi xin shang di wei tuo quan heng .ke wei zhi qia zhi xie .shu bu fu qi suo bing fu ye .yin xi qi bu mei zhi ling .huo zhi jiang yu zi .te bu chuai bi su zhi ci .you wu hui ting .nai ge er zhao zhi yue .tian he ru shi zhi cang cang xi .cheng yu qiu yi you hu qiong long ye .di he ru shi zhi mang mang xi .jia yao xiang yi jiang hu quan rang ye .wang san gai zhi lu li xi .yi ji wei zhi guang ye .lie yu bao er wei qian dao xi .wei wei xu yu bang ye .qu feng long yi wei bi cong xi .wang shu yue yi lin ye .ting che gui er yi zha xi .yu luan yi yi zheng ye .wen fu yu er ai ran xi .ren heng du yi wei rang ye .xuan qun ju zhi shuo shuo xi .lou ming yue yi wei dang ye .jie wei rui er cheng tan zhi xi .qing lian yan yi zhu lan gao ye .wen hu bo yi wei zhi jia xi .lu ling lu yi fu gui xu ye .zhan yun qi er ning pan xi .fang fo you suo chan ye .fu yao tiao er shu er xi .huang hu you suo wen ye .qi han man er wu yao e xi .ren juan qi yu yu chen ai ye .qian feng lian zhi wei yu qu che xi .ji lian pei er xie gui ye .yu zhong xin wei zhi kai ran xi .tu jiao jiao er he wei ye .qing yan ran er chang qin xi .qi tian yun zhi bian yu si ye .ji zhun xi qie an wen xi .fan qi zhen er you xi hua ye .yu you zhi gu er xuan fu xi .ling ge yu yi jie lai ye .lai xi zhi xi .qing qi lai ye .ruo fu hong meng er ju .ji jing yi chu .sui lin yu zi .yu yi mo du .qian yan luo er wei bu zhang .lie cang pu er sen xing wu .jing liu yan zhi tan mian .shi lian xin zhi wei ku .su nv yue yu gui yan .mi fei ying yu lan zhu .nong yu chui sheng .han huang ji yu .zheng song yue zhi fei .qi li shan zhi lao .gui cheng luo pu zhi ling .shou zuo xian chi zhi wu .qian chi shui xi long yin .ji zhu lin xi feng zhu .yuan ge yuan cheng .fei fu fei ju .fa ren hu xia cheng .huan jing hu xuan pu .ji xian wei er ruo tong .fu yin yun er shu zu .li he xi yan yun .kong meng xi wu yu .chen mai lian xi xing gao .xi shan li xi yue wu .he xin yi zhi chong chong .ruo wu mei zhi xu xu .yu nai xi xu chang wang .qi ti fang huang .ren yu xi ji li .tian lai xi yun dang .niao jing san er fei .yu sha die yi xiang .zhi ai xi shi dao .cheng li xi qi xiang .wu hu ai zai .shang xiang .liang wang wei ying shang zhu hou yu fan tai .jiu han .qing lu jun ju shang .lu jun xing .bi xi ze yan yue ..xi zhe .di nv ling yi di zuo jiu er mei .jin zhi yu .yu yin er gan zhi .sui shu yi di .jue zhi jiu .yue ..hou shi bi you yi jiu wang qi guo zhe ..qi huan gong ye ban bu qian .yi ya nai jian ao fan jiu .he diao wu wei er jin zhi .huan gong shi zhi er bao .zhi dan bu jue .yue ..hou shi bi you yi wei wang qi guo zhe ..jin wen gong de nan zhi wei .san ri bu ting chao .sui tui nan zhi wei er yuan zhi .yue ..hou shi bi you yi se wang qi guo zhe ..chu wang deng qiang tai er wang beng shan .zuo jiang er you hu .yi lin fang huang .qi le wang si .sui meng qiang tai er fu deng .yue ..hou shi bi you yi gao tai bei chi wang qi guo zhe ..jin zhu jun zhi zun .yi di zhi jiu yi .zhu jun zhi wei .yi ya zhi diao ye .zuo bai tai er you lv xu .nan wei zhi mei ye .qian jia lin er hou lan tai .qiang tai zhi le ye .you yi yu ci .zu yi wang qi guo .jin zhu jun jian ci si zhe .ke wu jie yu ..liang wang cheng shan xiang shu .yu you shi ji shi xue .jia pin .wu cong zhi shu yi guan .mei jia jie yu cang shu zhi jia .shou zi bi lu .ji ri yi huan .tian da han .yan bing jian .shou zhi bu ke qu shen .fu zhi dai .lu bi .zou song zhi .bu gan shao yu yue .yi shi ren duo yi shu jia yu .yu yin de bian guan qun shu .ji jia guan .yi mu sheng xian zhi dao .you huan wu shuo shi .ming ren yu you .chang qu bai li wai .cong xiang zhi xian da zhi jing kou wen .xian da de long wang zun .men ren di zi tian qi shi .wei chang shao jiang ci se .yu li shi zuo you .yuan yi zhi li .fu shen qing er yi qing .huo yu qi chi duo .se yu gong .li yu zhi .bu gan chu yi yan yi fu .si qi xin yue .ze you qing yan .gu yu sui yu .zu huo you suo wen .dang yu zhi cong shi ye .fu qie ye xi .xing shen shan ju gu zhong .qiong dong lie feng .da xue shen shu chi .zu fu jun lie er bu zhi .zhi she .si zhi jiang jin bu neng dong .ying ren chi tang wo guan .yi qin yong fu .jiu er nai he .yu ni lv .zhu ren ri zai shi .wu xian fei zi wei zhi xiang .tong she sheng jie bei qi xiu .dai zhu ying bao shi zhi mao .yao bai yu zhi huan .zuo pei dao .you bei rong chou .ye ran ruo shen ren .yu ze yun pao bi yi chu qi jian .lue wu mu yan yi .yi zhong you zu le zhe .bu zhi kou ti zhi feng bu ruo ren ye .gai yu zhi qin qie jian ruo ci .jin sui mao lao .wei you suo cheng .you xing yu jun zi zhi lie .er cheng tian zi zhi chong guang .zhui gong qing zhi hou .ri shi zuo bei gu wen .si hai yi miu cheng qi shi ming .kuang cai zhi guo yu yu zhe hu .jin zhu sheng xue yu tai xue .xian guan ri you lin shao zhi gong .fu mu sui you qiu ge zhi yi .wu dong nei zhi huan yi .zuo da xia zhi xia er song .shi ..shu ..wu ben zou zhi lao yi .you si ye .bo shi wei zhi shi .wei you wen er bu gao .qiu er bu de zhe ye .fan suo yi you zhi shu .jie ji yu ci .bu bi ruo yu zhi shou lu .jia zhu ren er hou jian ye .qi ye you bu jing .de you bu cheng zhe .fei tian zhi zhi bei .ze xin bu ruo yu zhi zhuan er .qi ta ren zhi guo zai .dong yang ma sheng jun ze .zai tai xue yi er nian .liu bei shen cheng qi xian .yu chao jing shi .sheng yi xiang ren zi ye yu .zhuan chang shu yi wei zhi .ci shen chang da .yu zhi lun bian .yan he er se yi .zi wei shao shi yong xin yu xue shen lao .shi ke wei shan xue zhe yi .qi jiang gui jian qi qin ye .yu gu dao wei xue zhi nan yi gao zhi .wei yu mian xiang ren yi xue zhe .yu zhi zhi ye .di wo kua ji yu zhi sheng er jiao xiang ren zhe .qi zhi yu zhe zai .ou yang zi fang ye du shu .wen you sheng zi xi nan lai zhe .song ran er ting zhi .yue ..yi zai ..chu xi li yi xiao sa .hu ben teng er peng pai .ru bo tao ye jing .feng yu zhou zhi .qi chu yu wu ye .cong cong zheng zheng .jin tie jie ming .you ru fu di zhi bing .xian mei ji zou .bu wen hao ling .dan wen ren ma zhi xing sheng .yu wei tong zi ..ci he sheng ye .ru chu shi zhi ..tong zi yue ..xing yue jiao jie .ming he zai tian .si wu ren sheng .sheng zai shu jian ..yu yue ..yi xi bei zai .ci qiu sheng ye .hu wei er lai zai .gai fu qiu zhi wei zhuang ye .qi se can dan .yan fei yun lian .qi rong qing ming .tian gao ri jing .qi qi li lie .bian ren ji gu .qi yi xiao tiao .shan chuan ji liao .gu qi wei sheng ye .qi qi qie qie .hu hao fen fa .feng cao lv ru er zheng mao .jia mu cong long er ke yue .cao fu zhi er se bian .mu zao zhi er ye tuo .qi suo yi cui bai ling luo zhe .nai qi yi qi zhi yu lie .fu qiu .xing guan ye .yu shi wei yin .you bing xiang ye .yu xing yong jin .shi wei tian di zhi yi qi .chang yi su sha er wei xin .tian zhi yu wu .chun sheng qiu shi .gu qi zai le ye .shang sheng zhu xi fang zhi yin .yi ze wei qi yue zhi lv .shang .shang ye .wu ji lao er bei shang .yi .lu ye .wu guo sheng er dang sha .. .yu yue yi zuo .yu yue ..jie hu .cao mu wu qing .you shi piao ling .ren wei dong wu .wei wu zhi ling .bai you gan qi xin .wan shi lao qi xing .you dong yu zhong .bi yao qi jing .er kuang si qi li zhi suo bu ji .you qi zhi zhi suo bu neng .yi qi wo ran dan zhe wei gao mu .yi ran hei zhe wei xing xing .nai he yi fei jin shi zhi zhi .yu yu cao mu er zheng rong .nian shui wei zhi qiang zei .yi he hen hu qiu sheng ..tong zi mo dui .chui tou er shui .dan wen si bi chong sheng ji ji .ru zhu yu zhi tan xi .

魂魄归来吧！
客路：旅途。池水溶溶，一对鸳鸯在戏水，这水南北可通，时见有小船往来。雕梁画栋的楼阁上梯子已经撤去，黄昏以后(hou)，依然还是独个儿面对帘栊，望着斜照在它上面的冷冷清清的月亮。怀着深深的怨恨，我反复思量，我的命运竟然不如桃花杏花，它们倒还能嫁给东风，随风而去呢。
〔17〕夫(fú)，句首语气词。人情，人之常情。止，禁止。燕子翩翩飞翔归去啊，寒蝉寂寞也不发响声。
⑼异日图将好景：有朝一日把这番景致描绘出来。异日：他日，指日后。图：描绘。眼睁睁吹翻了这家，吹伤了那家，只吹得江水枯竭鹅飞罢！
⑿归：本指出嫁，亦可指回娘家。樵夫正走回那白雪覆盖的茅舍，闪着冷光的夕日步下危峰。
瓦松：一种寄生在高大建筑物瓦檐处的植物，但“高不及尺，下才如寸”，没有什么用处。这春色使我愁烦。荒芜的沙洲古老的江岸，枝梗断折、浮萍疏散，还要漂流到何处江湾(wan)？我自己依然感到，腰围只怕衣带减短，孤灯会照得身影瘦怯孤单。我常常怀疑自己很快能见到她那桃花般美艳的容颜，为什么她近来，反而连书信都已绝断。纵然说书信遥远，为何连梦里都不见？
①一生二句：唐骆宾王《代(dai)女道士王灵妃(fei)赠道士李荣》：“相怜相念倍相亲，一生一代一双人。”争教，怎教。销魂，形容极度悲伤、愁苦或极度欢乐。江淹《别赋》：“黯然销魂者，惟别而已矣。”杜安世《诉衷情》：“梦兰憔悴，掷果凄凉，两处销魂。”此谓天作之合，却被分隔两地。两处相思，黯然销魂。乘着五彩画舫，经过莲花池塘，船歌悠扬，惊醒安睡的鸳鸯。满身香气的少女只顾依偎着同伴嫣然倩笑，这些少女个个姿态美好，她们在娇笑中折起荷叶(ye)遮挡夕阳。
⑵暮宿：傍晚投宿。寻着声源探问弹琵琶的是何人？琵琶停了许久却迟迟没有动静。
⑽东关：车出长安东门，故云东关。酸风：令(ling)人心酸落泪之风。难道没有看见辽东一带还战乱连年吗？国家正当用武之际，即使写出像宋玉那样的悲秋文章，又有什么地方需要它呢？(其六)司马长卿不得志，住在空房子里悲吟。东方朔侍奉汉武帝，靠幽默滑稽换取宽容。看来应该买把若耶溪所出的宝剑，明日回去拜个猿公那样的师(shi)傅练习武功。(其七)我这今日的边让想起奖进贤能的蔡邕，无心制曲吟诗，只好闲卧春风中。
[5]虹梁水陌：拱桥和湖堤。

　　曹植的诗，总的说来是风骨、词采二者兼备，但仔细分析，不同的诗篇在某一方面往往有所侧重，有的风骨更遒劲一些，有的词采更宏富一些。他的部分诗篇，像《箜篌引》、《美女篇》、《白马篇》、《名都篇》等，大抵篇幅稍长，对偶句与铺陈语较多，其词采华茂的特色就显得更为突出，但也仍然具有风骨。另外有一部分诗，像《野田黄雀行》、《泰山梁甫行》、《杂诗六首》等，大抵篇幅稍短，描写较简练，对偶句与铺陈语少，这类诗篇更鲜明地显示出骨气奇高的特色，但也仍然具有词采。王世贞评曹植诗说：“子建天才流丽，虽誉冠千古，而实逊父兄。何以故？材太高，辞太华。”（《艺苑卮言》卷三）王世贞认为曹植诗成就低于曹操、曹丕，意见未必公允，但曹植诗在词采华茂这方面的确大大超过其父兄，特别如《箜篌引》、《美女篇》一类诗表现尤为突出。王世贞又说：“子桓之《杂诗》二首，子建之《杂诗》六首，可入《十九首》，不能辨也。”（同上）又从风格的质朴刚健方面对曹植的《杂诗》六首给予很高评价，认为可与汉代无名氏的《古诗十九首》并驾齐驱。王世贞不喜华丽文风，所以对曹植作出这样的评价，但由此也可以看出，曹植的不同诗篇，在风骨和词采二者的某一方面的确有所侧重。
　　黄州濒临大江，赤鼻矶的石壁直插入江，地势险要，人们传说这儿就是三国时周瑜打败曹操大军的赤壁古战场（真正的赤壁位于湖北蒲圻），苏轼于此处曾有“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物”的千古绝唱。潘大临曾伴随苏轼在此浏览，说不定还亲耳聆听过东坡的豪放歌声。
　　古亦有山川，古亦有车舟。车舟载别离，行止犹自由。
　　刘禹锡玄都观两诗，都是以比拟的方法，对当时的人物和事件加以讽刺，除了寄托的意思之外，仍然体现了一个独立而完整的意象。这种艺术手法是高妙的。
　　朱光潜在《论诗》第十三章《陶渊明》中谈到渊明的情感生活时指出，他“并不是一个很简单的人。他和一般人一样，有许多矛盾和冲突；和一切伟大诗人一样，他终于达到调和静穆。”对于这首诗所写的“怅恨”、“欢来”以及“苦”时间之短促，是应从多方面去理解、领会的。
　　此诗前两句始见战国尸佼的《尸子·绰子篇》，全诗始出三国魏王肃收集编撰的《孔子家语·辩乐解》。《孔子家语》是王肃伪托之作，今人因而怀疑《《南风歌》佚名 古诗》也是后人伪作。舜为传说人物，其“作五弦之琴以歌南风”，很可能是小说家笔法。不过据考证，《《南风歌》佚名 古诗》自战国后已广为人知。今人逯钦立指出:“《史记》已言歌《南风》之诗。冯衍《显志赋》又云咏《南风》之高声。步骘《上疏》亦言弹五弦之琴，咏《南风》之诗。俱证《尸子》以后，此诗传行已久。谓为王肃伪作，非是。”（《先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗》）王力则从音韵学的角度指出：此诗“以‘时’‘财’为韵，这种古韵也决不是汉以后的人所能伪造的”（《汉语诗律学》）。当然，这首句式整齐、诗语明朗、抒情优美的《《南风歌》佚名 古诗》，也不可能是舜帝时代的原作，而是在口耳相传的过程中，经过了后人的加工和润色的。
　　此诗第一节首二句云：“有客有客，亦白其马。”写微子朝周时所乘的是白色之马。因宋为先代之后，于周为客，故不以臣礼待之，如古史所称舜受尧禅，待尧子丹朱以宾礼，称为“虞宾”，用意相同。殷人尚白，微子来朝乘白色之马，这也是不忘其先代的表现，这一细节，说明在周代受封之宋国，还能保持殷代制度，故微子来朝助祭于祖庙，谓之“周宾”可也。“有萋有且，敦琢其旅”，写微子来朝时，随从之众。这两句表明微子来朝时，其众多随从都是经过选择的品德无瑕的人。这一小节写得很庄重，写客人之来，从乘马、随从等具体情节来表现，以示客至之欢欣，可谓得体。
　　这首《《始闻秋风》刘禹锡 古诗》不同于一般封建文人的“悲秋”之作，它是一首高亢的秋歌，表现了独特的美学观点和艺术创新的精神。
　　刘景升治襄阳时，筑景升台，常登层台之上歌《野鹰来》曲，死后，葬襄阳城东门外二百步。杜甫十三世祖、镇南大将军，杜预，字元凯，曾在襄阳兴水利，百姓称之为“杜父”。元凯作两碑，一碑沉万山山下潭水中；另一沉岘山山下水中，碑文述己之功业。元凯沉碑时说：“百年之后，何知不深谷为陵也。”陈子在此即借杜元凯沉碑事，并引申其意，即使百年之后，深谷突起为丘陵，亦是徒然。空有丘陵出，无数英雄豪杰、古圣先贤，都已经凋零作古了。