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chen mie .lu pang hu jian ru hua ren .du xiang lv yang yin xia xie .feng ce luan yi bin jiao xie .hong zan dai lian mei xin zhe .jie wen nv lang he chu lai .han pin yu yu sheng xian yan .hui tou lian mei xie xing ren .sang luan piao lun he kan shuo .san nian xian zei liu qin di .yi xi ji de qin zhong shi .jun neng wei qie jie jin an .qie yi yu jun ting yu zhi .qian nian geng zi la yue wu .zheng bi jin long jiao ying wu .xie kai luan jing lan shu tou .xian ping diao lan yong bu yu .hu kan men wai qi hong chen .yi jian jie zhong lei jin gu .ju ren zou chu ban cang huang .chao shi gui lai shang yi wu .shi shi xi mian guan jun ru .ni xiang tong guan wei jing ji .jie yan bo ye zi xiang chi .jin dao zei jun lai wei ji .xu yu zhu fu cheng ben zhi .xia ma ru men chi si zui .shi feng zi gai qu meng chen .yi jian bai qi lai za di .fu lei xie you jing xiang hu .shang wu yuan qiang bu zhi ci .nan lin zou ru bei lin cang .dong lin zou xiang xi lin bi .bei lin zhu fu xian xiang cou .hu wai beng teng ru zou shou .hong hong hun hun gan kun dong .wan ma lei sheng cong di yong .huo beng jin xing shang jiu tian .shi er guan jie yan hong tong .ri lun xi xia han guang bai .shang di wu yan kong mai mai .yin yun yun qi ruo zhong wei .huan zhe liu xing ru xue se .zi qi qian sui di zuo yi .yao guang an she tai xing chai .jia jia liu xue ru quan fei .chu chu yuan sheng sheng dong di .wu ji ge ji jin an juan .ying er zhi nv jie sheng qi .dong lin you nv mei xin hua .qing guo qing cheng bu zhi jia .chang ge yong de shang rong che .hui shou xiang gui lei ying ba .xuan chou jin xian xue feng qi .cai shang diao an jiao zou ma .you shi ma shang jian liang ren .bu gan hui mou kong lei xia .xi lin you nv zhen xian zi .yi cun heng bo jian qiu shui .zhuang cheng zhi dui jing zhong chun .nian you bu zhi men wai shi .yi fu tiao yue shang jin jie .xie tan ban jian yu xiang chi .qian yi bu ken chu zhu men .hong fen xiang zhi dao xia si .nan lin you nv bu ji xing .zuo ri liang mei xin na pin .liu li jie shang bu wen xing .fei cui lian jian kong jian ying .hu kan ting ji dao ren ming .shen shou zhi li zai e qing .yang tian yan mian ku yi sheng .nv di nv xiong tong ru jing .bei lin shao fu xing xiang cu .xuan chai yun huan shi mei lv .yi wen ji tuo huai gao men .bu jue pan yuan shang zhong wu .xu yu si mian huo guang lai .yu xia hui ti ti you cui .yan zhong da jiao you qiu jiu .liang shang xuan shi yi zuo hui .qie shen xing de quan dao ju .bu gan chi chu jiu hui gu .xuan shu chan bin zhu jun xing .qiang zhan e mei chu men qu .jiu li cong zi bu de gui .liu qin zi ci wu xun chu .yi cong xian zei jing san zai .zhong ri jing you xin dan sui .ye wo qian zhong jian ji wei .chao can yi wei ren gan kuai .yuan wei zong ru qi cheng huan .bao huo sui duo fei suo ai .peng tou gou mian mei you chi .ji zhuan heng bo kan bu de .yi shang dian dao yu yan yi .mian shang kua gong diao zuo zi .bai tai duo ban shi hu jing .lan sheng zhu lang jie shu mei .huan jiang duan fa dai hua zan .bu tuo chao yi chan xiu bei .fan chi xiang hu zuo san gong .dao pei jin yu wei liang shi .chao wen zou dui ru chao tang .mu jian xuan hu lai jiu shi .yi chao wu gu ren jing qi .jiao xiao xuan hu ru qie yu .ye lai tan ma ru huang cheng .zuo ri guan jun shou chi shui .chi shui qu cheng yi bai li .chao ruo lai xi mu ying zhi .xiong tu ma shang an tun sheng .nv ban gui zhong qian sheng xi .jie yan yuan fen ci shi xiao .bi wei yao tu jin ri si .qun xun zou ma chuan sheng ji .you dao guan jun quan zhen ru .da peng xiao peng xiang gu you .er lang si lang bao an qi .chen chen shu ri wu xiao xi .bi wei jun qian yi xian bi .bo qi diao jian que lai gui .you dao guan jun xi bai ji .si mian cong zi duo e shu .yi dou huang jin yi dou su .shang rang chu zhong shi mu pi .huang chao ji shang kui ren rou .dong nan duan jue wu liang dao .gou he jian ping ren jian shao .liu jun men wai yi jiang shi .qi jia .zhai .ying zhong tian e piao .chang an ji ji jin he you .fei shi huang jie mai miao xiu .cai qiao zhuo jin xing yuan hua .xiu zhai zhu can yu gou liu .hua xuan xiu gu jie xiao san .jia di zhu men wu yi ban .han yuan dian shang hu tu xing .hua e lou qian jing ji man .xi shi fan sheng jie mai mei .ju mu qi liang wu gu wu .nei ku shao wei jin xiu hui .tian jie ta jin gong qing gu .lai shi xiao chu cheng dong mo .cheng wai feng yan ru sai se .lu pang shi jian you yi jun .po xia ji wu ying song ke .ba ling dong wang ren yan jue .shu suo li shan jin cui mie .da dao ju cheng ji zi lin .xing ren ye su qiang kuang yue .ming chao xiao zhi san feng lu .bai wan ren jia wu yi hu .po luo tian yuan dan you hao .cui can zhu shu jie wu zhu .lu pang shi wen jin tian shen .jin tian wu yu chou yu ren .miao qian gu bai you can nie .dian shang jin lu sheng an chen .yi cong kuang kou xian zhong guo .tian di hui ming feng yu hei .an qian shen shui zhou bu cheng .bi shang yin bing qu bu de .xian ri tu xin dian xiang en .wei shi bu zhu shen tong li .wo jin kui nv zhuo wei shen .qie xiang shan zhong shen bi ni .huan zhong xiao guan bu zeng wen .yan shang xi sheng wu chu mi .xuan jiao mo gui bang xiang cun .zhu bao sheng ling guo chao xi .qie wen ci yu chou geng chou .tian qian shi zai fei zi you .shen zai shan zhong you bi nan .he xu ze wang dong zhu hou .qian nian you chu yang zhen guan .ju tou yun ji jian jing shan .ru cong di fu dao ren jian .dun jue shi qing tian di xian .shan zhou zhu shuai zhong qie zhen .bu dong gan ge wei shou cheng .pu jin zhu shuai neng ji bing .qian li yan ran wu quan sheng .chao xie bao huo wu ren wen .mu cha jin cha wei du xing .ming chao you guo xin an dong .lu shang qi jiang feng yi weng .cang cang mian dai tai xian se .yin yin shen cang peng di zhong .wen weng ben shi he xiang qu .di shi han tian shuang lu su .lao weng zan qi yu chen ci .que zuo zhi yi yang tian ku .xiang yuan ben guan dong ji xian .sui sui geng sang lin jin dian .sui zhong liang tian er bai chan .nian shu hu shui san qian wan .xiao gu guan zhi he shi pao .zhong fu neng chui hong shu fan .qian jian cang xi wan si xiang .huang chao guo hou you can ban .zi cong luo xia tun shi lv .ri ye xun bing ru cun wu .xia zhong qiu shui ba qing she .qi shang gao feng chui bai hu .ru men xia ma ruo xuan feng .qing shi qing nang ru juan tu .jia cai ji jin gu rou li .jin ri chui nian yi shen ku .yi shen ku xi he zu jie .shan zhong geng you qian wan jia .chao ji shan shang xun peng zi .ye su shuang zhong wo di hua .qie wen ci lao shang xin yu .jing ri lan gan lei ru yu .chu men wei jian luan xiao ming .geng yu dong ben he chu suo .reng wen bian lu zhou che jue .you dao peng men zi xiang sha .ye su tu xiao zhan shi hun .he jin ban shi yuan ren xue .shi wen you ke jin ling zhi .jian shuo jiang nan feng jing yi .zi cong da kou fan zhong yuan .rong ma bu zeng sheng si bi .zhu chu qie dao ruo shen gong .hui ai sheng ling ru chi zi .cheng hao gu hu jiao .xiao .xiao .xiao .jin tang .fu shui ru yun song jun lei .nai he si hai jin tao tao .zhan ran yi jing ping ru di .bi nan tu wei que xia ren .huai an que xian jiang nan gui .yuan jun ju zhao dong fu dong .yong ci chang ge xian xiang gong .jin chao du wei ru xiang gu .yuan tuo chang ju xue shao nian .lian po zhe .zhao zhi liang jiang ye .zhao hui wen wang shi liu nian .lian po wei zhao jiang .fa qi .da po zhi .qu yang jin .bai wei shang qing .yi yong qi wen yu zhu hou .lin xiang ru zhe .zhao ren ye .wei zhao huan zhe ling miu xian she ren .zhao hui wen wang shi .de chu he shi bi .qin zhao wang wen zhi .shi ren yi zhao wang shu .yuan yi shi wu cheng qing yi bi .zhao wang yu da jiang jun lian po zhu da chen mou .yu yu qin .qin cheng kong bu ke de .tu jian qi .yu wu yu .ji huan qin bing zhi lai .ji wei ding .qiu ren ke shi bao qin zhe .wei de .huan zhe ling miu xian yue ..chen she ren lin xiang ru ke shi ..wang wen ..he yi zhi zhi ..dui yue ..chen chang you zui .qie ji yu wang zou yan .chen she ren xiang ru zhi chen .yue ..jun he yi zhi yan wang ..chen yu yue ..chen chang cong da wang yu yan wang hui jing shang .yan wang si wo chen shou .yue .yuan jie you ..yi ci zhi zhi .gu yu wang ..xiang ru wei chen yue ..fu zhao qiang er yan ruo .er jun xing yu zhao wang .gu yan wang yu jie yu jun .jin jun nai wang zhao zou yan .yan wei zhao .qi shi bi bu gan liu jun .er shu jun gui zhao yi .jun bu ru rou tan fu fu zhi qing zui .ze xing de tuo yi ..chen cong qi ji .da wang yi xing she chen .chen qie yi wei qi ren yong shi .you zhi mou .yi ke shi ..yu shi wang zhao jian .wen lin xiang ru yue ..qin wang yi shi wu cheng qing yi gua ren zhi bi .ke yu bu ..xiang ru yue ..qin qiang er zhao ruo .bu ke bu xu ..wang yue ..qu wu bi .bu yu wo cheng .nai he ..xiang ru yue ..qin yi cheng qiu bi er zhao bu xu .qu zai zhao .zhao yu bi er qin bu yu zhao cheng .qu zai qin .jun zhi er ce .ning xu yi fu qin qu ..wang yue ..shui ke shi zhe ..xiang ru yue ..wang bi wu ren .chen yuan feng bi wang shi .cheng ru zhao er bi liu qin .cheng bu ru .chen qing wan bi gui zhao ..zhao wang yu shi sui qian xiang ru feng bi xi ru qin .qin wang zuo zhang tai jian xiang ru .xiang ru feng bi zou qin wang .qin wang da xi .chuan yi shi mei ren ji zuo you .zuo you jie hu wan sui .xiang ru shi qin wang wu yi chang zhao cheng .nai qian yue ..bi you xia .qing zhi shi wang ..wang shou bi .xiang ru yin chi bi que li .yi zhu .nu fa shang chong guan .wei qin wang yue ..da wang yu de bi .shi ren fa shu zhi zhao wang .zhao wang xi zhao qun chen yi .jie yue .qin tan .fu qi qiang .yi kong yan qiu bi .chang cheng kong bu ke de ..yi bu yu yu qin bi .chen yi wei bu yi zhi jiao shang bu xiang qi .kuang da guo hu .qie yi yi bi zhi gu ni qiang qin zhi huan .bu ke .yu shi zhao wang nai zhai jie wu ri .shi chen feng bi .bai song shu yu ting .he zhe .yan da guo zhi wei yi xiu jing ye .jin chen zhi .da wang jian chen lie guan .li jie shen ju .de bi .chuan zhi mei ren .yi xi nong chen .chen guan da wang wu yi chang zhao wang cheng yi .gu chen fu qu bi .da wang bi yu ji chen .chen tou jin yu bi ju sui yu zhu yi ..xiang ru chi qi bi ni zhu .yu yi ji zhu .qin wang kong qi po bi .nai ci xie gu qing .zhao you si an tu .zhi cong ci yi wang shi wu du yu zhao .xiang ru du qin wang te yi zha xiang wei yu zhao cheng .shi bu ke de .nai wei qin wang yue ..he shi bi .tian xia suo gong chuan bao ye .zhao wang kong .bu gan bu xian .zhao wang song bi shi .zhai jie wu ri .jin da wang yi yi zhai jie wu ri .she jiu bin yu ting .chen nai gan shang bi ..qin wang du zhi .zhong bu ke qiang duo .sui xu zhai wu ri .she xiang ru guang cheng chuan .xiang ru du qin wang sui zhai .jue fu yue bu chang cheng .nai shi qi cong zhe yi he .huai qi bi .cong jing dao wang .gui bi yu zhao .qin wang zhai wu ri hou .nai she jiu bin li yu ting .yin zhao shi zhe lin xiang ru .xiang ru zhi .wei qin wang yue ..qin zi miu gong yi lai er shi yu jun .wei chang you jian ming yue shu zhe ye .chen cheng kong jian qi yu wang er fu zhao .gu ling ren chi bi gui .jian zhi zhao yi .qie qin qiang er zhao ruo .da wang qian yi jie zhi shi zhi zhao .zhao li feng bi lai .jin yi qin zhi qiang er xian ge shi wu du yu zhao .zhao qi gan liu bi er de zui yu da wang hu .chen zhi qi da wang zhi zui dang zhu .chen qing jiu tang huo .wei da wang yu qun chen shu ji yi zhi ..qin wang yu qun chen xiang shi er xi .zuo you huo yu yin xiang ru qu .qin wang yin yue ..jin sha xiang ru .zhong bu neng de bi ye .er jue qin zhao zhi huan .bu ru yin er hou yu zhi .shi gui zhao .zhao wang qi yi yi bi zhi gu qi qin xie ..zu ting jian xiang ru .bi li er gui zhi .xiang ru ji gui .zhao wang yi wei xian da fu shi bu ru yu zhu hou .bai xiang ru wei shang da fu .qin yi bu yi cheng yu zhao .zhao yi zhong bu yu qin bi .qi hou qin fa zhao .ba shi cheng .ming nian .fu gong zhao .sha er wan ren .qin wang shi shi zhe gao zhao wang .yu yu wang wei hao hui yu xi he wai sheng chi .zhao wang wei qin .yu wu xing .lian po .lin xiang ru ji yue ..wang bu xing .shi zhao ruo qie qie ye ..zhao wang sui xing .xiang ru cong .lian po song zhi jing .yu wang jue yue ..wang xing .du dao li hui yu zhi li bi .huan .bu guo san shi ri .san shi ri bu huan .ze qing li tai zi wei wang .yi jue qin wang ..wang xu zhi .sui yu qin wang hui sheng chi .qin wang yin jiu han .yue ..gua ren qie wen zhao wang hao yin .qing zou se ..zhao wang gu se .qin yu shi qian shu yue .mou nian yue ri .qin wang yu zhao wang hui yin .ling zhao wang gu se ..lin xiang ru qian yue ..zhao wang qie wen qin wang shan wei qin sheng .qing zou pen fou qin wang .yi xiang yu le ..qin wang nu .bu xu .yu shi xiang ru qian jin fou .yin gui qing qin wang .qin wang bu ken ji fou .xiang ru yue ..wu bu zhi nei .xiang ru qing de yi jing xue jian da wang yi ..zuo you yu ren xiang ru .xiang ru zhang mu chi zhi .zuo you jie mi .yu shi qin wang bu yi .wei yi ji fou .xiang ru gu zhao zhao yu shi shu yue .mou nian yue ri .qin wang wei zhao wang ji fou ..qin zhi qun chen yue ..qing yi zhao shi wu cheng wei qin wang shou ..lin xiang ru yi yue ..qing yi qin zhi xian yang wei zhao wang shou ..qin wang jing jiu .zhong bu neng jia sheng yu zhao .zhao yi sheng she bing yi dai qin .qin bu gan dong .ji ba gui guo .yi xiang ru gong da .bai wei shang qing .wei zai lian po zhi you .lian po yue ..wo wei zhao jiang .you gong cheng ye zhan zhi da gong .er lin xiang ru tu yi kou she wei lao .er wei ju wo shang .qie xiang ru su jian ren .wu xiu .bu ren wei zhi xia ..xuan yan yue ..wo jian xiang ru .bi ru zhi ..xiang ru wen .bu ken yu hui .xiang ru mei chao shi .chang cheng bing .bu yu yu lian po zheng lie .yi er xiang ru chu .wang jian lian po .xiang ru yin che bi ni .yu shi she ren xiang yu jian yue ..chen suo yi qu qin qi er shi jun zhe .tu mu jun zhi gao yi ye .jin jun yu lian po tong lie .lian jun xuan e yan er jun wei ni zhi .kong ju shu shen .qie yong ren shang xiu zhi .kuang yu jiang xiang hu .chen deng bu xiao .qing ci qu ..lin xiang ru gu zhi zhi .yue ..gong zhi shi lian jiang jun shu yu qin wang ..yue ..bu ruo ye ..xiang ru yue ..fu yi qin wang zhi wei .er xiang ru ting chi zhi .ru qi qun chen .xiang ru sui nu .du wei lian jiang jun zai .gu wu nian zhi .qiang qin zhi suo yi bu gan jia bing yu zhao zhe .tu yi wu liang ren zai ye .jin liang hu gong dou .qi shi bu ju sheng .wu suo yi wei ci zhe .yi xian guo jia zhi ji er hou si chou ye ..lian po wen zhi .rou tan fu jing .yin bin ke zhi lin xiang ru men xie zui .yue ..bi jian zhi ren .bu zhi jiang jun kuan zhi zhi ci ye ..zu xiang yu huan .wei wen jing zhi jiao .bao han dian que jin xi chi .chen xiang ge shang wu shan bi .yang liu you ru si .yi qiao chun yu shi .hua lou yin xin duan .fang cao jiang nan an .luan jing yu hua zhi .ci qing shui de zhi .

隋炀帝为南游(you)江都不顾安全，
⒁迟迟：《孟子·尽心下》：“孔子之去(qu)鲁，曰：‘迟迟吾行(xing)也，去父母国之道也。”’比喻钱(qian)俶离杭州朝宋，迟迟其行，恋恋不舍。游子长吁互相劝导勉励，为什么要来吴关啊？
屈原：曾两次被楚王放逐(zhu)，幽愤而作《离骚》。　　东南地区的山水胜景，余(yu)杭郡的最(zui)好；在郡里，灵隐寺的景致最为突出；寺庙中，冷泉亭第一。冷泉亭筑在灵隐山下面，石门涧中央，灵隐寺西南角。它高不到十六尺，宽不超过两丈，但是这里集中了最奇丽的景色，包罗了所有的美景，没有什么景物可以走漏的。
（3）二洲：指亚洲、美洲。太平洋东接美洲，西接亚洲。幽王究竟杀的是谁？哪里得来这个褒姒？
23.觉无异能：（虎）觉得（驴）没有特别的本领。异：特别的，与众不同的。能：本领，能力。下看飞鸟屈指可数，俯听山风呼啸迅猛。 　
98.柘（zhe4这）浆：甘蔗汁。打柴打进深山里头，山林幽深树木重重叠叠。
槁（gǎo）：草木干枯，枯萎。

　　有了上面的立志的方法，那么这里就谈到实现志向（理想）的措施了：要做到“忍屈伸，去细碎，广咨问，除嫌吝”。就是要做到能屈能伸、随遇而安，要抛出心中无关的杂念，要认真听取别人的宝贵意见，虚心学习，吸取别人的经验、要做到心胸开阔，豁达。一个人有了高远的志向，广阔的胸怀，就不会计较一时的得失，那么，即使他暂时得不到提拔，才华不被别人所了解认可，也不会妨碍他去实现自己的理想。
　　全文以情驭笔，一气呵成，不假修饰，却又得结构之妙。文中以“轩昂磊落、突兀峥嵘”八个字推许曼卿，实可移来评此篇。正文第一段写名之不朽，是何等斩钉截铁！全然是劈空说起，有游龙出海之势。第二段写万古之空，却又将第一段全盘抹倒，非力挽山河的笔力，绝不能做到。前二段是放得开，末段却是收得紧，如一道闸门，将两条游龙紧紧关锁。正可见当时文坛巨匠的文字工夫。
　　方山子弃荣利功名而自甘淡泊贫贱的行动，作者结合自己当时被贬黄州的处境，于文字之外，又寓有自己之情，是借他人之酒浇自己胸中之块垒。写方山子未尝不是自悲不遇，本文可以说是作者在黄州心态的一种形象的折射。
　　颔联承，是首联“凝情自悄然”的具体化，诗人融情于景，寒夜孤灯陪伴孤客，思念故乡旧年往事，失群孤雁声声鸣叫，羁旅之人深愁难眠，细致地描绘出了一幅寒夜孤客思乡图景。“思”字和“警”字极富炼字功夫。灯不能思，却要寒夜愁思陈年旧事，物尤如此，人何以堪。由灯及人，显然用意在人不在物。“警”字也极富情味。旅人孤灯，长夜难眠，一声雁叫，引孤客嫠妇愁思惊梦，归思难收。
　　天寒岁暮，征夫不归，冬衣未成，秋霜欲下，想到亲人不但难归，而且还要受冻，岂能无怨？于是，剪刀上的寒冷，不但传到了她手上，而且也传到她心上了。丈夫在外的辛苦，自己在家的孤寂，合之欢乐，离之悲痛，酸甜苦辣，一齐涌上心来，是完全可以想得到的，然而诗人却只写到从手上的剪刀之冷而感到天气的变化为止，其余一概不提，让读者自己去想象，去体会。虽似简单，实则丰富，这就是含蓄的妙处。这种对生活的感受是细致入微的。在日常生活中，人们常常对一些事物的变迁，习而不察，但敏感的诗人，却能将它捕捉起来，描写出来，使人感到既平凡又新鲜，这首诗艺术上就有这个特点。
　　在这种心态下，项羽的这支歌便成了她最好的安慰，最乐意接受的解释。坚贞的爱情，不仅驱逐了死亡的恐惧，且将人生的千种烦恼，万重愁绪都净化了，从而使她唱出了最为震撼人心的诗句：“大王意气尽，贱妾何聊生！”拔山盖世的气概与失败的结局是不和谐的，但英雄美人誓不相负的坚贞爱情是和谐的。在生死存亡的总崩溃的关键时刻，虞姬的这支歌，对项羽来说，不是死的哀鸣，而是生的激励。项羽处此一筹莫展之际，虽然痛感失败已不可避免，一生霸业转瞬将尽，但这犹可置而不论；而祸及自己心爱之人，则于心何忍！虞姬深悉项羽此种用心，故以誓同生死为言，直以一片晶莹无瑕的情意奉献，其意盖欲激励项羽绝弃顾累，专其心志，一奋神威而作求生之最后努力。若此说尚能探得古人心意，则不妨代项羽试为重和虞姬歌，以为此文之结束：汉兵何足惧？百战无当前。挥戈跃马去，胜败付诸天！
　　五、六两句，转入写“海”。三、四句上下交错，合用一个典故；这两句则显得有变化。“鲁叟”指孔子。孔子是鲁国人，所以陶渊明《饮酒诗》有“汲汲鲁中叟”之句，称他为鲁国的老头儿。孔子曾说过“道不行，乘桴浮于海”（《论语·公冶长》），意思是：我的道在海内无法实行，坐上木筏子飘洋过海，也许能够实行吧！苏轼也提出过改革弊政的方案，但屡受打击，最终被流放到海南岛。在海南岛，“饮食不具，药石无有”，尽管和黎族人民交朋友，做了些传播文化的工作；但作为“罪人”，是不可能谈得上“行道”的。此时渡海北归，回想多年来的苦难历程，就发出了“空余鲁叟乘桴意”的感慨。这句诗，用典相当灵活。它包含的意思是：在内地，他和孔子同样是“道不行”。孔子想到海外去行道，却没去成；他虽然去了，并且在那里呆了好几年，可是当他离开那儿渡海北归的时候，却并没有什么“行道”的实绩值得他自慰，只不过空有孔子乘桴行道的想法还留在胸中罢了。这句诗，由于巧妙地用了人所共知的典故，因而寥寥数字，就概括了曲折的事，抒发了复杂的情；而“乘桴”一词，又准确地表现了正在“渡海”的情景。“轩辕”即黄帝，黄帝奏乐，见《庄子·天运》：“北门成问于黄帝曰：‘帝张咸池之乐于洞庭之野，吾始闻之惧，复闻之怠，卒闻之而惑；荡荡默默，乃不自得。’”苏轼用这个典，以黄帝奏咸池之乐形容大海波涛之声，与“乘桴”渡海的情境很合拍。但不说“如听轩辕奏乐声”，却说“粗识轩辕奏乐声”，就又使人联想到苏轼的种种遭遇及其由此引起的心理活动。就是说：那“轩辕奏乐声”，他是领教过的；那“始闻之惧，复闻之怠，卒闻之而惑”，他是亲身经历、领会很深的。“粗识”的“粗”，不过是一种诙谐的说法，口里说“粗识”，其实是“熟识”。
　　“古公亶父复脩后稷、公刘之业，积德行义，国人皆戴之。薰育戎狄攻之，欲得财物，予之。已复攻，欲得地与民。民皆怒，欲战。古公曰：‘有民立君，将以利之。今戎狄所为攻战，以吾地与民。民之在我，与其在彼，何异。民欲以我故战，杀人父子而君之，予不忍为。’乃与私属遂去豳，度漆、沮，逾梁山，止於岐下。豳人举国扶老携弱，尽复归古公於岐下。及他旁国闻古公仁，亦多归之。於是古公乃贬戎狄之俗，而营筑城郭室屋，而邑别居之。作五官有司。民皆歌乐之，颂其德。”