书房兀坐万机休，日暖风和草色幽。谁道二千年远事，而今只在眼前头。凌晨丽城去，薄暮上林栖。辞枝枝暂起，停树树还低。余少好音声，长而玩之。以为物有盛衰，而此无变；滋味有厌，而此不倦。可以导养神气，宣和情志。处穷独而不闷者，莫近于音声也。是故复之而不足，则吟咏以肆志；吟咏之不足，则寄言以广意。然八音之器，歌舞之象，历世才士，并为之赋颂。其体制风流，莫不相袭。称其才干，则以危苦为上；赋其声音，则以悲哀为主；美其感化，则以垂涕为贵。丽则丽矣，然未尽其理也。推其所由，似原不解音声；览其旨趣，亦未达礼乐之情也。众器之中，琴德最优。故缀叙所怀，以为之赋。其辞曰：惟椅梧之所生兮，托峻岳之崇冈。披重壤以诞载兮，参辰极而高骧。含天地之醇和兮，吸日月之休光。郁纷纭以独茂兮。飞英蕤于昊苍。夕纳景于吁虞渊兮，旦晞干于九阳。经千载以待价兮，寂神跱而永康。且其山川形势，则盘纡隐深，磪嵬岑嵓。亘岭巉岩，岞崿岖崟。丹崖崄巇，青壁万寻。若乃重巘增起，偃蹇云覆。邈隆崇以极壮，崛巍巍而特秀。蒸灵液以播云，据神渊而吐熘。尔乃颠波奔突，狂赴争流。触岩抵隈，郁怒彪休。汹涌腾薄，奋沫扬涛。瀄汩澎湃，蜿蟺相纠。放肆大川，济乎中州。安回徐迈，寂尔长浮。澹乎洋洋，萦抱山丘。详观其区土之所产毓，奥宇之所宝殖，珍怪琅玕，瑶瑾翕赩，丛集累积，奂衍于其侧。若乃春兰被其东，沙棠殖其西。涓子宅其阳，玉醴涌其前。玄云荫其上，翔鸾集其巅。清露润其肤，惠风流其间。竦肃肃以静谧，密微微其清闲。夫所以经营其左右者，固以自然神丽，而足思愿爱乐矣。于是遁世之士，荣期绮季之畴，乃相与登飞梁，越幽壑，援琼枝，陟峻崿，以游乎其下。周旋永望，邈若凌飞，邪睨昆仑，俯阚海湄。指苍梧之迢递，临回江之威夷。悟时俗之多累，仰箕山之余辉。羡斯岳之弘敞，心慷慨以忘归。情舒放而远览，接轩辕之遗音。慕老童于騩隅，钦泰容之高吟。顾兹梧而兴虑，思假物以托心。乃斫孙枝，准量所任。至人摅思，制为雅琴。乃使离子督墨，匠石奋斤，夔襄荐法，般倕骋神。锼会裛厕，朗密调均。华绘雕琢，布藻垂文。错以犀象，籍以翠绿。弦以园客之丝，徽以钟山之玉。爰有龙凤之象，古人之形。伯牙挥手，钟期听声。华容灼爚，发采扬明，何其丽也！伶伦比律，田连操张。进御君子，新声憀亮，何其伟也！及其初调，则角羽俱起，宫徵相证，参发并趣，上下累应。踸踔磥硌，美声将兴，固以和昶而足耽矣。尔乃理正声，奏妙曲，扬白雪，发清角。纷淋浪以流离，奂淫衍而优渥。粲奕奕而高逝，驰岌岌以相属。沛腾遌而竞趣，翕韡晔而繁缛。状若崇山，又象流波。浩兮汤汤，郁兮峨峨。怫烦冤，纡余婆娑。陵纵播逸，霍濩纷葩。检容授节，应变合度。兢名擅业，安轨徐步。洋洋习习，声烈遐布。含显媚以送终，飘余响乎泰素。若乃高轩飞观，广夏闲房，冬夜肃清，朗月垂光，新衣翠粲，缨徽流芳。于是器冷弦调，心闲手敏。触Ⱨ如志，唯意所拟。初涉渌水，中奏清徵。雅昶唐尧，终咏微子。宽明弘润，优游躇跱。拊弦安歌，新声代起。歌曰：“凌扶摇兮憩瀛洲，要列子兮为好仇。餐沆瀣兮带朝霞，眇翩翩兮薄天游。齐万物兮超自得，委性命兮任去留。激清响以赴会，何弦歌之绸缪。”于是曲引向阑，众音将歇，改韵易调，奇弄乃发。扬和颜，攘皓腕。飞纤指以驰骛，纷（涩去掉三点水加单人旁）譶以流漫。或徘徊顾慕，拥郁抑按，盘桓毓养，从容秘玩。闼尔奋逸，风骇云乱。牢落凌厉，布濩半散。丰融披离，斐韡奂烂。英声发越，采采粲粲。或间声错糅，状若诡赴。双美并进，骈驰翼驱。初若将乖，后卒同趣。或曲而不屈，直而不倨。或相凌而不乱，或相离而不殊。时劫掎以慷慨，或怨㜘而踌躇。忽飘飖以轻迈，乍留联而扶疏。或参谭繁促，复叠攒仄。纵横骆驿，奔遁相逼。拊嗟累赞，间不容息。瑰艳奇伟，殚不可识。若乃闲舒都雅，洪纤有宜。清和条昶，案衍陆离。穆温柔以怡怿，婉顺叙而委蛇。或乘险投会，邀隙趋危。譻若离鹍鸣清池，翼若游鸿翔层崖。纷文斐尾，慊縿离纚。微风余音，靡靡猗猗。或搂批攦捋，缥缭潎冽。轻行浮弹，明婳𥉻慧。疾而不速，留而不滞。翩绵飘邈，微音迅逝。远而听之，若鸾凤和鸣戏云中；迫而察之，若众葩敷荣曜春风。既丰赡以多姿，又善始而令终。嗟姣妙以弘丽，何变态之无穷！若夫三春之初，丽服以时。乃携友生，以遨以嬉。涉兰圃，登重基，背长林，翳华芝，临清流，赋新诗。嘉鱼龙之逸豫，乐百卉之荣滋。理重华之遗操，慨远慕而长思。若乃华堂曲宴，密友近宾，兰肴兼御，旨酒清醇。进南荆，发西秦，绍陵阳，度巴人。变用杂而并起，竦众听而骇神。料殊功而比操，岂笙籥之能伦？若次其曲引所宜，则广陵止息，东武太山。飞龙鹿鸣，鹍鸡游弦。更唱迭奏，声若自然。流楚窈窕，惩躁雪烦。下逮谣俗，蔡氏五曲，王昭楚妃，千里别鹤。犹有一切，承间簉乏，亦有可观者焉。然非夫旷远者，不能与之嬉游；非夫渊静者，不能与之闲止；非夫放达者，不能与之无（希去布加厷）；非夫至精者，不能与之析理也。若论其体势，详其风声，器和故响逸，张急故声清，间辽故音庳，弦长故徽鸣。性洁静以端理，含至德之和平。诚可以感荡心志，而发泄幽情矣！是故怀戚者闻之，莫不憯懔惨凄，愀怆伤心，含哀懊咿，不能自禁。其康乐者闻之，则欨愉欢释，抃舞踊溢，留连澜漫，嗢噱终日。若和平者听之，则怡养悦愉，淑穆玄真，恬虚乐古，弃事遗身。是以伯夷以之廉，颜回以之仁，比干以之忠，尾生以之信，惠施以之辩给，万石以之讷慎。其余触类而长，所致非一，同归殊途。或文或质，总中和以统物，咸日用而不失。其感人动物，盖亦弘矣。于时也，金石寝声，匏竹屏气，王豹辍讴，狄牙丧味。天吴踊跃于重渊，王乔披云而下坠。舞鸑鷟于庭阶，游女飘焉而来萃。感天地以致和，况蚑行之众类。嘉斯器之懿茂，咏兹文以自慰。永服御而不厌，信古今之所贵。乱曰：愔愔琴德，不可测兮；体清心远，邈难极兮；良质美手，遇今世兮；纷纶翕响，冠众艺兮；识音者希，孰能珍兮；能尽雅琴，唯至人兮！红桥梅市晓山横，白塔樊江春水生。花气袭人知骤暖，鹊声穿树喜新晴。坊场酒贱贫犹醉，原野泥深老亦耕。最喜先期官赋足，经年无吏叩柴荆。有秦客问于东野主人曰：「闻之前论曰：『治世之音安以乐，亡国之音哀以思。』夫治乱在政，而音声应之；故哀思之情，表于金石；安乐之象，形于管弦也。又仲尼闻韶，识虞舜之德；季札听弦，知众国之风。斯已然之事，先贤所不疑也。今子独以为声无哀乐，其理何居？若有嘉讯，今请闻其说。」主人应之曰：「斯义久滞，莫肯拯救，故令历世滥于名实。今蒙启导，将言其一隅焉。夫天地合德，万物贵生，寒暑代往，五行以成。故章为五色，发为五音；音声之作，其犹臭味在于天地之间。其善与不善，虽遭遇浊乱，其体自若而不变也。岂以爱憎易操、哀乐改度哉？及宫商集比，声音克谐，此人心至愿，情欲之所锺。故人知情不可恣，欲不可极故，因其所用，每为之节，使哀不至伤，乐不至淫，斯其大较也。然『乐云乐云，锺鼓云乎哉？哀云哀云，哭泣云乎哉？因兹而言，玉帛非礼敬之实，歌舞非悲哀之主也。何以明之？夫殊方异俗，歌哭不同。使错而用之，或闻哭而欢，或听歌而戚，然而哀乐之情均也。今用均同之情，案，「戚」本作「感」，又脱同字，依《世说·文学篇》注改补。）而发万殊之声，斯非音声之无常哉？然声音和比，感人之最深者也。劳者歌其事，乐者舞其功。夫内有悲痛之心，则激切哀言。言比成诗，声比成音。杂而咏之，聚而听之，心动于和声，情感于苦言。嗟叹未绝，而泣涕流涟矣。夫哀心藏于苦心内，遇和声而后发。和声无象，而哀心有主。夫以有主之哀心，因乎无象之和声，其所觉悟，唯哀而已。岂复知『吹万不同，而使其自已』哉。风俗之流，遂成其政；是故国史明政教之得失，审国风之盛衰，吟咏情性以讽其上，故曰『亡国之音哀以思』也。 夫喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、憎、惭、惧，凡此八者，生民所以接物传情，区别有属，而不可溢者也。夫味以甘苦为称，今以甲贤而心爱，以乙愚而情憎，则爱憎宜属我，而贤愚宜属彼也。可以我爱而谓之爱人，我憎而谓之憎人，所喜则谓之喜味，所怒而谓之怒味哉？由此言之，则外内殊用，彼我异名。声音自当以善恶为主，则无关于哀乐；哀乐自当以情感，则无系于声音。名实俱去，则尽然可见矣。且季子在鲁，采《诗》观礼，以别《风》、《雅》，岂徒任声以决臧否哉？又仲尼闻《韶》，叹其一致，是以咨嗟，何必因声以知虞舜之德，然后叹美邪？今粗明其一端，亦可思过半矣。」秦客难曰：「八方异俗，歌哭万殊，然其哀乐之情，不得不见也。夫心动于中，而声出于心。虽托之于他音，寄之于余声，善听察者，要自觉之不使得过也。昔伯牙理琴而锺子知其所志；隶人击磬而子产识其心哀；鲁人晨哭而颜渊审其生离。夫数子者，岂复假智于常音，借验于曲度哉？心戚者则形为之动，情悲者则声为之哀。此自然相应，不可得逃，唯神明者能精之耳。夫能者不以声众为难，不能者不以声寡为易。今不可以未遇善听，而谓之声无可察之理；见方俗之多变，而谓声音无哀乐也。」又云：「贤不宜言爱，愚不宜言憎。然则有贤然后爱生，有愚然后憎成，但不当共其名耳。哀乐之作，亦有由而然。此为声使我哀，音使我乐也。苟哀乐由声，更为有实，何得名实俱去邪？」又云：「季子采《诗》观礼，以别《风》、《雅》；仲尼叹《韶》音之一致，是以咨嗟。是何言欤？且师襄奏操，而仲尼睹文王之容；师涓进曲，而子野识亡国之音。宁复讲诗而后下言，习礼然后立评哉？斯皆神妙独见，不待留闻积日，而已综其吉凶矣；是以前史以为美谈。今子以区区之近知，齐所见而为限，无乃诬前贤之识微，负夫子之妙察邪？」主人答曰：「难云：虽歌哭万殊，善听察者要自觉之，不假智于常音，不借验于曲度，锺子之徒云云是也。此为心悲者，虽谈笑鼓舞，情欢者，虽拊膺咨嗟，犹不能御外形以自匿，诳察者于疑似也。以为就令声音之无常，犹谓当有哀乐耳。又曰：「季子听声，以知众国之风；师襄奏操，而仲尼睹文王之容。案如所云，此为文王之功德，与风俗之盛衰，皆可象之于声音：声之轻重，可移于后世；襄涓之巧，能得之于将来。若然者，三皇五帝，可不绝于今日，何独数事哉？若此果然也。则文王之操有常度，韶武之音有定数，不可杂以他变，操以余声也。则向所谓声音之无常，锺子之触类，于是乎踬矣。若音声无常，锺子触类，其果然邪？则仲尼之识微，季札之善听，固亦诬矣。此皆俗儒妄记，欲神其事而追为耳，欲令天下惑声音之道，不言理以尽此，而推使神妙难知，恨不遇奇听于当时，慕古人而自叹，斯所□大罔后生也。夫推类辨物，当先求之自然之理；理已定，然后借古义以明之耳。今未得之于心，而多恃前言以为谈证，自此以往，恐巧历不能纪。」「又难云：「哀乐之作，犹爱憎之由贤愚，此为声使我哀而音使我乐；苟哀乐由声，更为有实矣。夫五色有好丑丑，五声有善恶，此物之自然也。至于爱与不爱，喜与不喜，人情之变，统物之理，唯止于此；然皆无豫于内，待物而成耳。至夫哀乐自以事会，先遘于心，但因和声以自显发。故前论已明其无常，今复假此谈以正名号耳。不为哀乐发于声音，如爱憎之生于贤愚也。然和声之感人心，亦犹酒醴之发人情也。酒以甘苦为主，而醉者以喜怒为用。其见欢戚为声发，而谓声有哀乐，不可见喜怒为酒使，而谓酒有喜怒之理也。」秦客难曰：「夫观气采色，天下之通用也。心变于内而色应于外，较然可见，故吾子不疑。夫声音，气之激者也。心应感而动，声从变而发。心有盛衰，声亦隆杀。同见役于一身，何独于声便当疑邪！夫喜怒章于色诊，哀乐亦宜形于声音。声音自当有哀乐，但暗者不能识之。至锺子之徒，虽遭无常之声，则颖然独见矣，今蒙瞽面墙而不悟，离娄昭秋毫于百寻，以此言之，则明暗殊能矣。不可守咫尺之度，而疑离娄之察；执中痛之听，而猜锺子之聪；皆谓古人为妄记也。」主人答曰：「难云：心应感而动，声从变而发，心有盛衰，声亦降杀，哀乐之情，必形于声音，锺子之徒，虽遭无常之声，则颖然独见矣。必若所言，则浊质之饱，首阳之饥，卞和之冤，伯奇之悲，相如之含怒，不占之怖祗，千变百态，使各发一咏之歌，同启数弹之微，则锺子之徒，各审其情矣。尔为听声者不以寡众易思，察情者不以大小为异，同出一身者，期于识之也。设使从下，则子野之徒，亦当复操律鸣管，以考其音，知南风之盛衰，别雅、郑之淫正也？夫食辛之与甚噱，薰目之与哀泣，同用出泪，使狄牙尝之，必不言乐泪甜而哀泪苦，斯可知矣。何者？肌液肉汗，?笮便出，无主于哀乐，犹?酒之囊漉，虽笮具不同，而酒味不变也。声俱一体之所出，何独当含哀乐之理也？且夫《咸池》、《六茎》，《大章》、《韶夏》，此先王之至乐，所以动天地、感鬼神。今必云声音莫不象其体而传其心，此必为至乐不可托之于瞽史，必须圣人理其弦管，尔乃雅音得全也。舜命夔「击石拊石，八音克谐，神人以和。」以此言之，至乐虽待圣人而作，不必圣人自执也。何者？音声有自然之和，而无系于人情。克谐之音，成于金石；至和之声，得于管弦也。夫纤毫自有形可察，故离瞽以明暗异功耳。若乃以水济水，孰异之哉？」秦客难曰：「虽众喻有隐，足招攻难，然其大理，当有所就。若葛卢闻牛鸣，知其三子为牺；师旷吹律，知南风不竞，楚师必败；羊舌母听闻儿啼，而审其丧家。凡此数事，皆效于上世，是以咸见录载。推此而言，则盛衰吉凶，莫不存乎声音矣。今若复谓之诬罔，则前言往记，皆为弃物，无用之也。以言通论，未之或安。若能明斯所以，显其所由，设二论俱济，愿重闻之。」主人答曰：「吾谓能反三隅者，得意而忘言，是以前论略而未详。今复烦循环之难，敢不自一竭邪？夫鲁牛能知牺历之丧生，哀三子之不存，含悲经年，诉怨葛卢；此为心与人同，异于兽形耳。此又吾之所疑也。且牛非人类，无道相通，若谓鸣兽皆能有言，葛卢受性独晓之，此为称其语而论其事，犹译传异言耳，不为考声音而知其情，则非所以为难也。若谓知者为当触物而达，无所不知，今且先议其所易者。请问：圣人卒人胡域，当知其所言否乎？难者必曰知之。知之之理何以明之？愿借子之难以立鉴识之域。或当与关接识其言邪？将吹律鸣管校其音邪？观气采色和其心邪？此为知心自由气色，虽自不言，犹将知之，知之之道，可不待言也。若吹律校音以知其心，假令心志于马而误言鹿，察者固当由鹿以知马也。此为心不系于所言，言或不足以证心也。若当关接而知言，此为孺子学言于所师，然后知之，则何贵于聪明哉？夫言，非自然一定之物，五方殊俗，同事异号，举一名以为标识耳。夫圣人穷理，谓自然可寻，无微不照。苟无微不照，理蔽则虽近不见，故异域之言不得强通。推此以往，葛卢之不知牛鸣，得不全乎？」又难云：「师旷吹律，知南风不竞，楚多死声。此又吾之所疑也。请问师旷吹律之时，楚国之风邪，则相去千里，声不足达；若正识楚风来入律中邪，则楚南有吴、越，北有梁、宋，苟不见其原，奚以识之哉？凡阴阳愤激，然后成风。气之相感，触地而发，何得发楚庭，来入晋乎？且又律吕分四时之气耳，时至而气动，律应而灰移，皆自然相待，不假人以为用也。上生下生，所以均五声之和，叙刚柔之分也。然律有一定之声，虽冬吹中吕，其音自满而无损也。今以晋人之气，吹无韵之律，楚风安得来入其中，与为盈缩邪？风无形，声与律不通，则校理之地，无取于风律，不其然乎？岂独师旷多识博物，自有以知胜败之形，欲固众心而托以神微，若伯常骞之许景公寿哉？」又难云：「羊舌母听闻儿啼而审其丧家。复请问何由知之？为神心独悟暗语而当邪？尝闻儿啼若此其大而恶，今之啼声似昔之啼声，故知其丧家邪？若神心独悟暗语之当，非理之所得也。虽曰听啼，无取验于儿声矣。若以尝闻之声为恶，故知今啼当恶，此为以甲声为度，以校乙之啼也。夫声之于音，犹形之于心也。有形同而情乖，貌殊而心均者。何以明之？圣人齐心等德而形状不同也。苟心同而形异，则何言乎观形而知心哉？且口之激气为声，何异于籁?纳气而鸣邪？啼声之善恶，不由儿口吉凶，犹琴瑟之清浊不在操者之工拙也。心能辨理善谈，而不能令内?调利，犹瞽者能善其曲度，而不能令器必清和也。器不假妙瞽而良，?不因惠心而调，然则心之与声，明为二物。二物之诚然，则求情者不留观于形貌，揆心者不借听于声音也。察者欲因声以知心，不亦外乎？今晋母未待之于老成，而专信昨日之声，以证今日之啼，岂不误中于前世好奇者从而称之哉？」秦客难曰：「吾闻败者不羞走，所以全也。吾心未厌而言，难复更从其馀。今平和之人，听筝笛琵琶，则形躁而志越；闻琴瑟之音，则听静而心闲。同一器之中，曲用每殊，则情随之变：奏秦声则叹羡而慷慨；理齐楚则情一而思专，肆姣弄则欢放而欲惬；心为声变，若此其众。苟躁静由声，则何为限其哀乐，而但云至和之声，无所不感，托大同于声音，归众变于人情？得无知彼不明此哉？」主人答曰：「难云：琵琶、筝、笛令人躁越。又云：曲用每殊而情随之变。此诚所以使人常感也。琵琶、筝、笛，间促而声高，变众而节数，以高声御数节，故使人形躁而志越。犹铃铎警耳，锺鼓骇心，故『闻鼓鼙之音，思将帅之臣』，盖以声音有大小，故动人有勐静也。琴瑟之体，间辽而音埤，变希而声清，以埤音御希变，不虚心静听，则不尽清和之极，是以听静而心闲也。夫曲用不同，亦犹殊器之音耳。齐楚之曲，多重故情一，变妙故思专。姣弄之音，挹众声之美，会五音之和，其体赡而用博，故心侈于众理；五音会，故欢放而欲惬。然皆以单、复、高、埤、善、恶为体，而人情以躁、静而容端，此为声音之体，尽于舒疾。情之应声，亦止于躁静耳。夫曲用每殊，而情之处变，犹滋味异美，而口辄识之也。五味万殊，而大同于美；曲变虽众，亦大同于和。美有甘，和有乐。然随曲之情，尽于和域；应美之口，绝于甘境，安得哀乐于其间哉？然人情不同，各师所解。则发其所怀；若言平和，哀乐正等，则无所先发，故终得躁静。若有所发，则是有主于内，不为平和也。以此言之，躁静者，声之功也；哀乐者，情之主也。不可见声有躁静之应，因谓哀乐者皆由声音也。且声音虽有勐静，勐静各有一和，和之所感，莫不自发。何以明之？夫会宾盈堂，酒酣奏琴，或忻然而欢，或惨尔泣，非进哀于彼，导乐于此也。其音无变于昔，而欢戚并用，斯非『吹万不同』邪？夫唯无主于喜怒，亦应无主于哀乐，故欢戚俱见。若资偏固之音，含一致之声，其所发明，各当其分，则焉能兼御群理，总发众情邪？由是言之，声音以平和为体，而感物无常；心志以所俟为主，应感而发。然则声之与心，殊涂异轨，不相经纬，焉得染太和于欢戚，缀虚名于哀乐哉？秦客难曰：「论云：勐静之音，各有一和，和之所感，莫不自发，是以酒酣奏琴而欢戚并用。此言偏并之情先积于内，故怀欢者值哀音而发，内戚者遇乐声而感也。夫音声自当有一定之哀乐，但声化迟缓不可仓卒，不能对易。偏重之情，触物而作，故今哀乐同时而应耳；虽二情俱见，则何损于声音有定理邪？主人答曰：「难云：哀乐自有定声，但偏重之情，不可卒移。故怀戚者遇乐声而哀耳。即如所言，声有定分，假使《鹿鸣》重奏，是乐声也。而令戚者遇之，虽声化迟缓，但当不能使变令欢耳，何得更以哀邪？犹一爝之火，虽未能温一室，不宜复增其寒矣。夫火非隆寒之物，乐非增哀之具也。理弦高堂而欢戚并用者，直至和之发滞导情，故令外物所感得自尽耳。难云：偏重之情，触物而作，故令哀乐同时而应耳。夫言哀者，或见机杖而泣，或睹舆服而悲，徒以感人亡而物存，痛事显而形潜，其所以会之，皆自有由，不为触地而生哀，当席而泪出也。今见机杖以致感，听和声而流涕者，斯非和之所感，莫不自发也。」秦客难曰：「论云：酒酣奏琴而欢戚并用。欲通此言，故答以偏情感物而发耳。今且隐心而言，明之以成效。夫人心不欢则戚，不戚则欢，此情志之大域也。然泣是戚之伤，笑是欢之用。盖闻齐、楚之曲者，唯睹其哀涕之容，而未曾见笑噱之貌。此必齐、楚之曲，以哀为体，故其所感，皆应其度量；岂徒以多重而少变，则致情一而思专邪？若诚能致泣，则声音之有哀乐，断可知矣。」主人答曰：「虽人情感于哀乐，哀乐各有多少。又哀乐之极，不必同致也。夫小哀容坏，甚悲而泣，哀之方也；小欢颜悦，至乐心喻，乐之理也。何以明之？夫至亲安豫，则恬若自然，所自得也。及在危急，仅然后济，则?不及亻舞。由此言之，亻舞之不若向之自得，岂不然哉？，至夫笑噱虽出于欢情，然自以理成又非自然应声之具也。此为乐之应声，以自得为主；哀之应感，以垂涕为故。垂涕则形动而可觉，自得则神合而无忧，是以观其异而不识其同，别其外而未察其内耳。然笑噱之不显于声音，岂独齐楚之曲邪？今不求乐于自得之域，而以无笑噱谓齐、楚体哀，岂不知哀而不识乐乎？」秦客问曰：「仲尼有言：『移风易俗，莫善于乐。』即如所论，凡百哀乐，皆不在声，即移风易俗，果以何物邪？又古人慎靡靡之风，抑忄舀耳之声，故曰：『放郑声，远佞人。』然则郑卫之音击鸣球以协神人，敢问郑雅之体，隆弊所极；风俗称易，奚由而济？幸重闻之，以悟所疑。」主人应之曰：「夫言移风易俗者，必承衰弊之后也。古之王者，承天理物，必崇简易之教，御无为之治，君静于上，臣顺于下，玄化潜通，天人交泰，枯藁之类，浸育灵液，六合之内，沐浴鸿流，荡涤尘垢，群生安逸，自求多福，默然从道，怀忠抱义，而不觉其所以然也。和心足于内，和气见于外，故歌以叙志，亻舞以宣情。然后文之以采章，照之以风雅，播之以八音，感之以太和，导其神气，养而就之。迎其情性，致而明之，使心与理相顺，气与声相应，合乎会通，以济其美。故凯乐之情，见于金石，含弘光大，显于音声也。若以往则万国同风，芳荣济茂，馥如秋兰，不期而信，不谋而诚，穆然相爱，犹舒锦彩，而粲炳可观也。大道之隆，莫盛于兹，太平之业，莫显于此。故曰「『移风易俗，莫善于乐。』乐之为体，以心为主。故无声之乐，民之父母也。至八音会谐，人之所悦，亦总谓之乐，然风俗移易，不在此也。夫音声和比，人情所不能已者也。是以古人知情之不可放，故抑其所遁；知欲之不可绝，故因其所自。为可奉之礼，制可导之乐。口不尽味，乐不极音。揆终始之宜，度贤愚之中。为之检则，使远近同风，用而不竭，亦所以结忠信，着不迁也。故乡校庠塾亦随之变，丝竹与俎豆并存，羽毛与揖让俱用，正言与和声同发。使将听是声也，必闻此言；将观是容也，必崇此礼。礼犹宾主升降，然后酬酢行焉。于是言语之节，声音之度，揖让之仪，动止之数，进退相须，共为一体。君臣用之于朝，庶士用之于家，少而习之，长而不怠，心安志固，从善日迁，然后临之以敬，持之以久而不变，然后化成，此又先王用乐之意也。故朝宴聘享，嘉乐必存。是以国史采风俗之盛衰，寄之乐工，宣之管弦，使言之者无罪，闻之者足以自诫。此又先王用乐之意也。若夫郑声，是音声之至妙。妙音感人，犹美色惑志。耽?荒酒，易以丧业，自非至人，孰能御之？先王恐天下流而不反，故具其八音，不渎其声；绝其大和，不穷其变；捐窈窕之声，使乐而不淫，犹大羹不和，不极勺药之味也。若流俗浅近，则声不足悦，又非所欢也。若上失其道，国丧其纪，男女奔随，淫荒无度，则风以此变，俗以好成。尚其所志，则群能肆之，乐其所习，则何以诛之？托于和声，配而长之，诚动于言，心感于和，风俗一成，因而名之。然所名之声，无中于淫邪也。淫之与正同乎心，雅、郑之体，亦足以观矣。」人闲桂花落，夜静春山空。月出惊山鸟，时鸣春涧中。夙夜宥密，不敢宁宴。五齐既陈，八音在县。

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yi cui can .ying hui liu fang .yu shi qi leng xian diao .xin xian shou min .chu .ru zhi .wei yi suo ni .chu she lu shui .zhong zou qing zheng .ya chang tang yao .zhong yong wei zi .kuan ming hong run .you you chu zhi .fu xian an ge .xin sheng dai qi .ge yue ..ling fu yao xi qi ying zhou .yao lie zi xi wei hao chou .can hang xie xi dai chao xia .miao pian pian xi bao tian you .qi wan wu xi chao zi de .wei xing ming xi ren qu liu .ji qing xiang yi fu hui .he xian ge zhi chou miu ..yu shi qu yin xiang lan .zhong yin jiang xie .gai yun yi diao .qi nong nai fa .yang he yan .rang hao wan .fei xian zhi yi chi wu .fen .se qu diao san dian shui jia dan ren pang .ta yi liu man .huo pai huai gu mu .yong yu yi an .pan huan yu yang .cong rong mi wan .ta er fen yi .feng hai yun luan .lao luo ling li .bu huo ban san .feng rong pi li .fei wei huan lan .ying sheng fa yue .cai cai can can .huo jian sheng cuo rou .zhuang ruo gui fu .shuang mei bing jin .pian chi yi qu .chu ruo jiang guai .hou zu tong qu 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ji gu sheng qing .jian liao gu yin bi .xian chang gu hui ming .xing jie jing yi duan li .han zhi de zhi he ping .cheng ke yi gan dang xin zhi .er fa xie you qing yi .shi gu huai qi zhe wen zhi .mo bu can lin can qi .qiao chuang shang xin .han ai ao yi .bu neng zi jin .qi kang le zhe wen zhi .ze xu yu huan shi .bian wu yong yi .liu lian lan man .wa jue zhong ri .ruo he ping zhe ting zhi .ze yi yang yue yu .shu mu xuan zhen .tian xu le gu .qi shi yi shen .shi yi bo yi yi zhi lian .yan hui yi zhi ren .bi gan yi zhi zhong .wei sheng yi zhi xin .hui shi yi zhi bian gei .wan shi yi zhi ne shen .qi yu chu lei er chang .suo zhi fei yi .tong gui shu tu .huo wen huo zhi .zong zhong he yi tong wu .xian ri yong er bu shi .qi gan ren dong wu .gai yi hong yi .yu shi ye .jin shi qin sheng .pao zhu ping qi .wang bao chuo ou .di ya sang wei .tian wu yong yue yu zhong yuan .wang qiao pi yun er xia zhui .wu yue zhuo yu ting jie .you nv piao yan er lai cui .gan tian di yi zhi he .kuang qi xing zhi zhong lei .jia si qi zhi yi mao .yong zi wen yi zi wei .yong fu yu er bu yan .xin gu jin zhi suo gui .luan yue .yin yin qin de .bu ke ce xi .ti qing xin yuan .miao nan ji xi .liang zhi mei shou .yu jin shi xi .fen lun xi xiang .guan zhong yi xi .shi yin zhe xi .shu neng zhen xi .neng jin ya qin .wei zhi ren xi .hong qiao mei shi xiao shan heng .bai ta fan jiang chun shui sheng .hua qi xi ren zhi zhou nuan .que sheng chuan shu xi xin qing .fang chang jiu jian pin you zui .yuan ye ni shen lao yi geng .zui xi xian qi guan fu zu .jing nian wu li kou chai jing .you qin ke wen yu dong ye zhu ren yue ..wen zhi qian lun yue ..zhi shi zhi yin an yi le .wang guo zhi yin ai yi si ..fu zhi luan zai zheng .er yin sheng ying zhi .gu ai si zhi qing .biao yu jin shi .an le zhi xiang .xing yu guan xian ye .you zhong ni wen shao .shi yu shun zhi de .ji zha ting xian .zhi zhong guo zhi feng .si yi ran zhi shi .xian xian suo bu yi ye .jin zi du yi wei sheng wu ai le .qi li he ju .ruo you jia xun .jin qing wen qi shuo ..zhu ren ying zhi yue ..si yi jiu zhi .mo ken zheng jiu .gu ling li shi lan yu ming shi .jin meng qi dao .jiang yan qi yi yu yan .fu tian di he de .wan wu gui sheng .han shu dai wang .wu xing yi cheng .gu zhang wei wu se .fa wei wu yin .yin sheng zhi zuo .qi you chou wei zai yu tian di zhi jian .qi shan yu bu shan .sui zao yu zhuo luan .qi ti zi ruo er bu bian ye .qi yi ai zeng yi cao .ai le gai du zai .ji gong shang ji bi .sheng yin ke xie .ci ren xin zhi yuan .qing yu zhi suo zhong .gu ren zhi qing bu ke zi .yu bu ke ji gu .yin qi suo yong .mei wei zhi jie .shi ai bu zhi shang .le bu zhi yin .si qi da jiao ye .ran .le yun le yun .zhong gu yun hu zai .ai yun ai yun .ku qi yun hu zai .yin zi er yan .yu bo fei li jing zhi shi .ge wu fei bei ai zhi zhu ye .he yi ming zhi .fu shu fang yi su .ge ku bu tong .shi cuo er yong zhi .huo wen ku er huan .huo ting ge er qi .ran er ai le zhi qing jun ye .jin yong jun tong zhi qing .an ..qi .ben zuo .gan ..you tuo tong zi .yi .shi shuo .wen xue pian .zhu gai bu ..er fa wan shu zhi sheng .si fei yin sheng zhi wu chang zai .ran sheng yin he bi .gan ren zhi zui shen zhe ye .lao zhe ge qi shi .le zhe wu qi gong .fu nei you bei tong zhi xin .ze ji qie ai yan .yan bi cheng shi .sheng bi cheng yin .za er yong zhi .ju er ting zhi .xin dong yu he sheng .qing gan yu ku yan .jie tan wei jue .er qi ti liu lian yi .fu ai xin cang yu ku xin nei .yu he sheng er hou fa .he sheng wu xiang .er ai xin you zhu .fu yi you zhu zhi ai xin .yin hu wu xiang zhi he sheng .qi suo jue wu .wei ai er yi .qi fu zhi .chui wan bu tong .er shi qi zi yi .zai .feng su zhi liu .sui cheng qi zheng .shi gu guo shi ming zheng jiao zhi de shi .shen guo feng zhi sheng shuai .yin yong qing xing yi feng qi shang .gu yue .wang guo zhi yin ai yi si .ye . fu xi .nu .ai .le .ai .zeng .can .ju .fan ci ba zhe .sheng min suo yi jie wu chuan qing .qu bie you shu .er bu ke yi zhe ye .fu wei yi gan ku wei cheng .jin yi jia xian er xin ai .yi yi yu er qing zeng .ze ai zeng yi shu wo .er xian yu yi shu bi ye .ke yi wo ai er wei zhi ai ren .wo zeng er wei zhi zeng ren .suo xi ze wei zhi xi wei .suo nu er wei zhi nu wei zai .you ci yan zhi .ze wai nei shu yong .bi wo yi ming .sheng yin zi dang yi shan e wei zhu .ze wu guan yu ai le .ai le zi dang yi qing gan .ze wu xi yu sheng yin .ming shi ju qu .ze jin ran ke jian yi .qie ji zi zai lu .cai .shi .guan li .yi bie .feng ...ya ..qi tu ren sheng yi jue zang fou zai .you zhong ni wen .shao ..tan qi yi zhi .shi yi zi jie .he bi yin sheng yi zhi yu shun zhi de .ran hou tan mei xie .jin cu ming qi yi duan .yi ke si guo ban yi ..qin ke nan yue ..ba fang yi su .ge ku wan shu .ran qi ai le zhi qing .bu de bu jian ye .fu xin dong yu zhong .er sheng chu yu xin .sui tuo zhi yu ta yin .ji zhi yu yu sheng .shan ting cha zhe .yao zi jue zhi bu shi de guo ye .xi bo ya li qin er zhong zi zhi qi suo zhi .li ren ji qing er zi chan shi qi xin ai .lu ren chen ku er yan yuan shen qi sheng li .fu shu zi zhe .qi fu jia zhi yu chang yin .jie yan yu qu du zai .xin qi zhe ze xing wei zhi dong .qing bei zhe ze sheng wei zhi ai .ci zi ran xiang ying .bu ke de tao .wei shen ming zhe neng jing zhi er .fu neng zhe bu yi sheng zhong wei nan .bu neng zhe bu yi sheng gua wei yi .jin bu ke yi wei yu shan ting .er wei zhi sheng wu ke cha zhi li .jian fang su zhi duo bian .er wei sheng yin wu ai le ye ..you yun ..xian bu yi yan ai .yu bu yi yan zeng .ran ze you xian ran hou ai sheng .you yu ran hou zeng cheng .dan bu dang gong qi ming er .ai le zhi zuo .yi you you er ran .ci wei sheng shi wo ai .yin shi wo le ye .gou ai le you sheng .geng wei you shi .he de ming shi ju qu xie ..you yun ..ji zi cai .shi .guan li .yi bie .feng ...ya ..zhong ni tan .shao .yin zhi yi zhi .shi yi zi jie .shi he yan yu .qie shi xiang zou cao .er zhong ni du wen wang zhi rong .shi juan jin qu .er zi ye shi wang guo zhi yin .ning fu jiang shi er hou xia yan .xi li ran hou li ping zai .si jie shen miao du jian .bu dai liu wen ji ri .er yi zong qi ji xiong yi .shi yi qian shi yi wei mei tan .jin zi yi qu qu zhi jin zhi .qi suo jian er wei xian .wu nai wu qian xian zhi shi wei .fu fu zi zhi miao cha xie ..zhu ren da yue ..nan yun .sui ge ku wan shu .shan ting cha zhe yao zi jue zhi .bu jia zhi yu chang yin .bu jie yan yu qu du .zhong zi zhi tu yun yun shi ye .ci wei xin bei zhe .sui tan xiao gu wu .qing huan zhe .sui fu ying zi jie .you bu neng yu wai xing yi zi ni .kuang cha zhe yu yi si ye .yi wei jiu ling sheng yin zhi wu chang .you wei dang you ai le er .you yue ..ji zi ting sheng .yi zhi zhong guo zhi feng .shi xiang zou cao .er zhong ni du wen wang zhi rong .an ru suo yun .ci wei wen wang zhi gong de .yu feng su zhi sheng shuai .jie ke xiang zhi yu sheng yin .sheng zhi qing zhong .ke yi yu hou shi .xiang juan zhi qiao .neng de zhi yu jiang lai .ruo ran zhe .san huang wu di .ke bu jue yu jin ri .he du shu shi zai .ruo ci guo ran ye .ze wen wang zhi cao you chang du .shao wu zhi yin you ding shu .bu ke za yi ta bian .cao yi yu sheng ye .ze xiang suo wei sheng yin zhi wu chang .zhong zi zhi chu lei .yu shi hu zhi yi .ruo yin sheng wu chang .zhong zi chu lei .qi guo ran xie .ze zhong ni zhi shi wei .ji zha zhi shan ting .gu yi wu yi .ci jie su ru wang ji .yu shen qi shi er zhui wei er .yu ling tian xia huo sheng yin zhi dao .bu yan li yi jin ci .er tui shi shen miao nan zhi .hen bu yu qi ting yu dang shi .mu gu ren er zi tan .si suo .da wang hou sheng ye .fu tui lei bian wu .dang xian qiu zhi zi ran zhi li .li yi ding .ran hou jie gu yi yi ming zhi er .jin wei de zhi yu xin .er duo shi qian yan yi wei tan zheng .zi ci yi wang .kong qiao li bu neng ji ...you nan yun ..ai le zhi zuo .you ai zeng zhi you xian yu .ci wei sheng shi wo ai er yin shi wo le .gou ai le you sheng .geng wei you shi yi .fu wu se you hao chou chou .wu sheng you shan e .ci wu zhi zi ran ye .zhi yu ai yu bu ai .xi yu bu xi .ren qing zhi bian .tong wu zhi li .wei zhi yu ci .ran jie wu yu yu nei .dai wu er cheng er .zhi fu ai le zi yi shi hui .xian gou yu xin .dan yin he sheng yi zi xian fa .gu qian lun yi ming qi wu chang .jin fu jia ci tan yi zheng ming hao er .bu wei ai le fa yu sheng yin .ru ai zeng zhi sheng yu xian yu ye .ran he sheng zhi gan ren xin .yi you jiu li zhi fa ren qing ye .jiu yi gan ku wei zhu .er zui zhe yi xi nu wei yong .qi jian huan qi wei sheng fa .er wei sheng you ai le .bu ke jian xi nu wei jiu shi .er wei jiu you xi nu zhi li ye ..qin ke nan yue ..fu guan qi cai se .tian xia zhi tong yong ye .xin bian yu nei er se ying yu wai .jiao ran ke jian .gu wu zi bu yi .fu sheng yin .qi zhi ji zhe ye .xin ying gan er dong .sheng cong bian er fa .xin you sheng shuai .sheng yi long sha .tong jian yi yu yi shen .he du yu sheng bian dang yi xie .fu xi nu zhang yu se zhen .ai le yi yi xing yu sheng yin .sheng yin zi dang you ai le .dan an zhe bu neng shi zhi .zhi zhong zi zhi tu .sui zao wu chang zhi sheng .ze ying ran du jian yi .jin meng gu mian qiang er bu wu .li lou zhao qiu hao yu bai xun .yi ci yan zhi .ze ming an shu neng yi .bu ke shou zhi chi zhi du .er yi li lou zhi cha .zhi zhong tong zhi ting .er cai zhong zi zhi cong .jie wei gu ren wei wang ji ye ..zhu ren da yue ..nan yun .xin ying gan er dong .sheng cong bian er fa .xin you sheng shuai .sheng yi jiang sha .ai le zhi qing .bi xing yu sheng yin .zhong zi zhi tu .sui zao wu chang zhi sheng .ze ying ran du jian yi .bi ruo suo yan .ze zhuo zhi zhi bao .shou yang zhi ji .bian he zhi yuan .bo qi zhi bei .xiang ru zhi han nu .bu zhan zhi bu zhi .qian bian bai tai .shi ge fa yi yong zhi ge .tong qi shu dan zhi wei .ze zhong zi zhi tu .ge shen qi qing yi .er wei ting sheng zhe bu yi gua zhong yi si .cha qing zhe bu yi da xiao wei yi .tong chu yi shen zhe .qi yu shi zhi ye .she shi cong xia .ze zi ye zhi tu .yi dang fu cao lv ming guan .yi kao qi yin .zhi nan feng zhi sheng shuai .bie ya .zheng zhi yin zheng ye .fu shi xin zhi yu shen jue .xun mu zhi yu ai qi .tong yong chu lei .shi di ya chang zhi .bi bu yan le lei tian er ai lei ku .si ke zhi yi .he zhe .ji ye rou han ..ze bian chu .wu zhu yu ai le .you .jiu zhi nang lu .sui ze ju bu tong .er jiu wei bu bian ye .sheng ju yi ti zhi suo chu .he du dang han ai le zhi li ye .qie fu .xian chi ...liu jing ...da zhang ...shao xia ..ci xian wang zhi zhi le .suo yi dong tian di .gan gui shen .jin bi yun sheng yin mo bu xiang qi ti er chuan qi xin .ci bi wei zhi le bu ke tuo zhi yu gu shi .bi xu sheng ren li qi xian guan .er nai ya yin de quan ye .shun ming kui .ji shi fu shi .ba yin ke xie .shen ren yi he ..yi ci yan zhi .zhi le sui dai sheng ren er zuo .bu bi sheng ren zi zhi ye .he zhe .yin sheng you zi ran zhi he .er wu xi yu ren qing .ke xie zhi yin .cheng yu jin shi .zhi he zhi sheng .de yu guan xian ye .fu xian hao zi you xing ke cha .gu li gu yi ming an yi gong er .ruo nai yi shui ji shui .shu yi zhi zai ..qin ke nan yue ..sui zhong yu you yin .zu zhao gong nan .ran qi da li .dang you suo jiu .ruo ge lu wen niu ming .zhi qi san zi wei xi .shi kuang chui lv .zhi nan feng bu jing .chu shi bi bai .yang she mu ting wen er ti .er shen qi sang jia .fan ci shu shi .jie xiao yu shang shi .shi yi xian jian lu zai .tui ci er yan .ze sheng shuai ji xiong .mo bu cun hu sheng yin yi .jin ruo fu wei zhi wu wang .ze qian yan wang ji .jie wei qi wu .wu yong zhi ye .yi yan tong lun .wei zhi huo an .ruo neng ming si suo yi .xian qi suo you .she er lun ju ji .yuan zhong wen zhi ..zhu ren da yue ..wu wei neng fan san yu zhe .de yi er wang yan .shi yi qian lun lue er wei xiang .jin fu fan xun huan zhi nan .gan bu zi yi jie xie .fu lu niu neng zhi xi li zhi sang sheng .ai san zi zhi bu cun .han bei jing nian .su yuan ge lu .ci wei xin yu ren tong .yi yu shou xing er .ci you wu zhi suo yi ye .qie niu fei ren lei .wu dao xiang tong .ruo wei ming shou jie neng you yan .ge lu shou xing du xiao zhi .ci wei cheng qi yu er lun qi shi .you yi chuan yi yan er .bu wei kao sheng yin er zhi qi qing .ze fei suo yi wei nan ye .ruo wei zhi zhe wei dang chu wu er da .wu suo bu zhi .jin qie xian yi qi suo yi zhe .qing wen .sheng ren zu ren hu yu .dang zhi qi suo yan fou hu .nan zhe bi yue zhi zhi .zhi zhi zhi li he yi ming zhi .yuan jie zi zhi nan yi li jian shi zhi yu .huo dang yu guan jie shi qi yan xie .jiang chui lv ming guan xiao qi yin xie .guan qi cai se he qi xin xie .ci wei zhi xin zi you qi se .sui zi bu yan .you jiang zhi zhi .zhi zhi zhi dao .ke bu dai yan ye .ruo chui lv xiao yin yi zhi qi xin .jia ling xin zhi yu ma er wu yan lu .cha zhe gu dang you lu yi zhi ma ye .ci wei xin bu xi yu suo yan .yan huo bu zu yi zheng xin ye .ruo dang guan jie er zhi yan .ci wei ru zi xue yan yu suo shi .ran hou zhi zhi .ze he gui yu cong ming zai .fu yan .fei zi ran yi ding zhi wu .wu fang shu su .tong shi yi hao .ju yi ming yi wei biao shi er .fu sheng ren qiong li .wei zi ran ke xun .wu wei bu zhao .gou wu wei bu zhao .li bi ze sui jin bu jian .gu yi yu zhi yan bu de qiang tong .tui ci yi wang .ge lu zhi bu zhi niu ming .de bu quan hu ..you nan yun ..shi kuang chui lv .zhi nan feng bu jing .chu duo si sheng .ci you wu zhi suo yi ye .qing wen shi kuang chui lv zhi shi .chu guo zhi feng xie .ze xiang qu qian li .sheng bu zu da .ruo zheng shi chu feng lai ru lv zhong xie .ze chu nan you wu .yue .bei you liang .song .gou bu jian qi yuan .xi yi shi zhi zai .fan yin yang fen ji .ran hou cheng feng .qi zhi xiang gan .chu di er fa .he de fa chu ting .lai ru jin hu .qie you lv lv fen si shi zhi qi er .shi zhi er qi dong .lv ying er hui yi .jie zi ran xiang dai .bu jia ren yi wei yong ye .shang sheng xia sheng .suo yi jun wu sheng zhi he .xu gang rou zhi fen ye .ran lv you yi ding zhi sheng .sui dong chui zhong lv .qi yin zi man er wu sun ye .jin yi jin ren zhi qi .chui wu yun zhi lv .chu feng an de lai ru qi zhong .yu wei ying suo xie .feng wu xing .sheng yu lv bu tong .ze xiao li zhi di .wu qu yu feng lv .bu qi ran hu .qi du shi kuang duo shi bo wu .zi you yi zhi sheng bai zhi xing .yu gu zhong xin er tuo yi shen wei .ruo bo chang qian zhi xu jing gong shou zai ..you nan yun ..yang she mu ting wen er ti er shen qi sang jia .fu qing wen he you zhi zhi .wei shen xin du wu an yu er dang xie .chang wen er ti ruo ci qi da er e .jin zhi ti sheng si xi zhi ti sheng .gu zhi qi sang jia xie .ruo shen xin du wu an yu zhi dang .fei li zhi suo de ye .sui yue ting ti .wu qu yan yu er sheng yi .ruo yi chang wen zhi sheng wei e .gu zhi jin ti dang e .ci wei yi jia sheng wei du .yi xiao yi zhi ti ye .fu sheng zhi yu yin .you xing zhi yu xin ye .you xing tong er qing guai .mao shu er xin jun zhe .he yi ming zhi .sheng ren qi xin deng de er xing zhuang bu tong ye .gou xin tong er xing yi .ze he yan hu guan xing er zhi xin zai .qie kou zhi ji qi wei sheng .he yi yu lai .na qi er ming xie .ti sheng zhi shan e .bu you er kou ji xiong .you qin se zhi qing zhuo bu zai cao zhe zhi gong zhuo ye .xin neng bian li shan tan .er bu neng ling nei .diao li .you gu zhe neng shan qi qu du .er bu neng ling qi bi qing he ye .qi bu jia miao gu er liang ..bu yin hui xin er diao .ran ze xin zhi yu sheng .ming wei er wu .er wu zhi cheng ran .ze qiu qing zhe bu liu guan yu xing mao .kui xin zhe bu jie ting yu sheng yin ye .cha zhe yu yin sheng yi zhi xin .bu yi wai hu .jin jin mu wei dai zhi yu lao cheng .er zhuan xin zuo ri zhi sheng .yi zheng jin ri zhi ti .qi bu wu zhong yu qian shi hao qi zhe cong er cheng zhi zai ..qin ke nan yue ..wu wen bai zhe bu xiu zou .suo yi quan ye .wu xin wei yan er yan .nan fu geng cong qi yu .jin ping he zhi ren .ting zheng di pi pa .ze xing zao er zhi yue .wen qin se zhi yin .ze ting jing er xin xian .tong yi qi zhi zhong .qu yong mei shu .ze qing sui zhi bian .zou qin sheng ze tan xian er kang kai .li qi chu ze qing yi er si zhuan .si jiao nong ze huan fang er yu qie .xin wei sheng bian .ruo ci qi zhong .gou zao jing you sheng .ze he wei xian qi ai le .er dan yun zhi he zhi sheng .wu suo bu gan .tuo da tong yu sheng yin .gui zhong bian yu ren qing .de wu zhi bi bu ming ci zai ..zhu ren da yue ..nan yun .pi pa .zheng .di ling ren zao yue .you yun .qu yong mei shu er qing sui zhi bian .ci cheng suo yi shi ren chang gan ye .pi pa .zheng .di .jian cu er sheng gao .bian zhong er jie shu .yi gao sheng yu shu jie .gu shi ren xing zao er zhi yue .you ling duo jing er .zhong gu hai xin .gu .wen gu pi zhi yin .si jiang shuai zhi chen ..gai yi sheng yin you da xiao .gu dong ren you meng jing ye .qin se zhi ti .jian liao er yin pi .bian xi er sheng qing .yi pi yin yu xi bian .bu xu xin jing ting .ze bu jin qing he zhi ji .shi yi ting jing er xin xian ye .fu qu yong bu tong .yi you shu qi zhi yin er .qi chu zhi qu .duo zhong gu qing yi .bian miao gu si zhuan .jiao nong zhi yin .yi zhong sheng zhi mei .hui wu yin zhi he .qi ti shan er yong bo .gu xin chi yu zhong li .wu yin hui .gu huan fang er yu qie .ran jie yi dan .fu .gao .pi .shan .e wei ti .er ren qing yi zao .jing er rong duan .ci wei sheng yin zhi ti .jin yu shu ji .qing zhi ying sheng .yi zhi yu zao jing er .fu qu yong mei shu .er qing zhi chu bian .you zi wei yi mei .er kou zhe shi zhi ye .wu wei wan shu .er da tong yu mei .qu bian sui zhong .yi da tong yu he .mei you gan .he you le .ran sui qu zhi qing .jin yu he yu .ying mei zhi kou .jue yu gan jing .an de ai le yu qi jian zai .ran ren qing bu tong .ge shi suo jie .ze fa qi suo huai .ruo yan ping he .ai le zheng deng .ze wu suo xian fa .gu zhong de zao jing .ruo you suo fa .ze shi you zhu yu nei .bu wei ping he ye .yi ci yan zhi .zao jing zhe .sheng zhi gong ye .ai le zhe .qing zhi zhu ye .bu ke jian sheng you zao jing zhi ying .yin wei ai le zhe jie you sheng yin ye .qie sheng yin sui you meng jing .meng jing ge you yi he .he zhi suo gan .mo bu zi fa .he yi ming zhi .fu hui bin ying tang .jiu han zou qin .huo xin ran er huan .huo can er qi .fei jin ai yu bi .dao le yu ci ye .qi yin wu bian yu xi .er huan qi bing yong .si fei .chui wan bu tong .xie .fu wei wu zhu yu xi nu .yi ying wu zhu yu ai le .gu huan qi ju jian .ruo zi pian gu zhi yin .han yi zhi zhi sheng .qi suo fa ming .ge dang qi fen .ze yan neng jian yu qun li .zong fa zhong qing xie .you shi yan zhi .sheng yin yi ping he wei ti .er gan wu wu chang .xin zhi yi suo si wei zhu .ying gan er fa .ran ze sheng zhi yu xin .shu tu yi gui .bu xiang jing wei .yan de ran tai he yu huan qi .zhui xu ming yu ai le zai .qin ke nan yue ..lun yun .meng jing zhi yin .ge you yi he .he zhi suo gan .mo bu zi fa .shi yi jiu han zou qin er huan qi bing yong .ci yan pian bing zhi qing xian ji yu nei .gu huai huan zhe zhi ai yin er fa .nei qi zhe yu le sheng er gan ye .fu yin sheng zi dang you yi ding zhi ai le .dan sheng hua chi huan bu ke cang zu .bu neng dui yi .pian zhong zhi qing .chu wu er zuo .gu jin ai le tong shi er ying er .sui er qing ju jian .ze he sun yu sheng yin you ding li xie .zhu ren da yue ..nan yun .ai le zi you ding sheng .dan pian zhong zhi qing .bu ke zu yi .gu huai qi zhe yu le sheng er ai er .ji ru suo yan .sheng you ding fen .jia shi .lu ming .zhong zou .shi le sheng ye .er ling qi zhe yu zhi .sui sheng hua chi huan .dan dang bu neng shi bian ling huan er .he de geng yi ai xie .you yi jue zhi huo .sui wei neng wen yi shi .bu yi fu zeng qi han yi .fu huo fei long han zhi wu .le fei zeng ai zhi ju ye .li xian gao tang er huan qi bing yong zhe .zhi zhi he zhi fa zhi dao qing .gu ling wai wu suo gan de zi jin er .nan yun .pian zhong zhi qing .chu wu er zuo .gu ling ai le tong shi er ying er .fu yan ai zhe .huo jian ji zhang er qi .huo du yu fu er bei .tu yi gan ren wang er wu cun .tong shi xian er xing qian .qi suo yi hui zhi .jie zi you you .bu wei chu di er sheng ai .dang xi er lei chu ye .jin jian ji zhang yi zhi gan .ting he sheng er liu ti zhe .si fei he zhi suo gan .mo bu zi fa ye ..qin ke nan yue ..lun yun .jiu han zou qin er huan qi bing yong .yu tong ci yan .gu da yi pian qing gan wu er fa er .jin qie yin xin er yan .ming zhi yi cheng xiao .fu ren xin bu huan ze qi .bu qi ze huan .ci qing zhi zhi da yu ye .ran qi shi qi zhi shang .xiao shi huan zhi yong .gai wen qi .chu zhi qu zhe .wei du qi ai ti zhi rong .er wei zeng jian xiao jue zhi mao .ci bi qi .chu zhi qu .yi ai wei ti .gu qi suo gan .jie ying qi du liang .qi tu yi duo zhong er shao bian .ze zhi qing yi er si zhuan xie .ruo cheng neng zhi qi .ze sheng yin zhi you ai le .duan ke zhi yi ..zhu ren da yue ..sui ren qing gan yu ai le .ai le ge you duo shao .you ai le zhi ji .bu bi tong zhi ye .fu xiao ai rong huai .shen bei er qi .ai zhi fang ye .xiao huan yan yue .zhi le xin yu .le zhi li ye .he yi ming zhi .fu zhi qin an yu .ze tian ruo zi ran .suo zi de ye .ji zai wei ji .jin ran hou ji .ze .bu ji ren wu .you ci yan zhi .ren wu zhi bu ruo xiang zhi zi de .qi bu ran zai ..zhi fu xiao jue sui chu yu huan qing .ran zi yi li cheng you fei zi ran ying sheng zhi ju ye .ci wei le zhi ying sheng .yi zi de wei zhu .ai zhi ying gan .yi chui ti wei gu .chui ti ze xing dong er ke jue .zi de ze shen he er wu you .shi yi guan qi yi er bu shi qi tong .bie qi wai er wei cha qi nei er .ran xiao jue zhi bu xian yu sheng yin .qi du qi chu zhi qu xie .jin bu qiu le yu zi de zhi yu .er yi wu xiao jue wei qi .chu ti ai .qi bu zhi ai er bu shi le hu ..qin ke wen yue ..zhong ni you yan ..yi feng yi su .mo shan yu le ..ji ru suo lun .fan bai ai le .jie bu zai sheng .ji yi feng yi su .guo yi he wu xie .you gu ren shen mi mi zhi feng .yi xin yao er zhi sheng .gu yue ..fang zheng sheng .yuan ning ren ..ran ze zheng wei zhi yin ji ming qiu yi xie shen ren .gan wen zheng ya zhi ti .long bi suo ji .feng su cheng yi .xi you er ji .xing zhong wen zhi .yi wu suo yi ..zhu ren ying zhi yue ..fu yan yi feng yi su zhe .bi cheng shuai bi zhi hou ye .gu zhi wang zhe .cheng tian li wu .bi chong jian yi zhi jiao .yu wu wei zhi zhi .jun jing yu shang .chen shun yu xia .xuan hua qian tong .tian ren jiao tai .ku gao zhi lei .jin yu ling ye .liu he zhi nei .mu yu hong liu .dang di chen gou .qun sheng an yi .zi qiu duo fu .mo ran cong dao .huai zhong bao yi .er bu jue qi suo yi ran ye .he xin zu yu nei .he qi jian yu wai .gu ge yi xu zhi .ren wu yi xuan qing .ran hou wen zhi yi cai zhang .zhao zhi yi feng ya .bo zhi yi ba yin .gan zhi yi tai he .dao qi shen qi .yang er jiu zhi .ying qi qing xing .zhi er ming zhi .shi xin yu li xiang shun .qi yu sheng xiang ying .he hu hui tong .yi ji qi mei .gu kai le zhi qing .jian yu jin shi .han hong guang da .xian yu yin sheng ye .ruo yi wang ze wan guo tong feng .fang rong ji mao .fu ru qiu lan .bu qi er xin .bu mou er cheng .mu ran xiang ai .you shu jin cai .er can bing ke guan ye .da dao zhi long .mo sheng yu zi .tai ping zhi ye .mo xian yu ci .gu yue ..yi feng yi su .mo shan yu le ..le zhi wei ti .yi xin wei zhu .gu wu sheng zhi le .min zhi fu mu ye .zhi ba yin hui xie .ren zhi suo yue .yi zong wei zhi le .ran feng su yi yi .bu zai ci ye .fu yin sheng he bi .ren qing suo bu neng yi zhe ye .shi yi gu ren zhi qing zhi bu ke fang .gu yi qi suo dun .zhi yu zhi bu ke jue .gu yin qi suo zi .wei ke feng zhi li .zhi ke dao zhi le .kou bu jin wei .le bu ji yin .kui zhong shi zhi yi .du xian yu zhi zhong .wei zhi jian ze .shi yuan jin tong feng .yong er bu jie .yi suo yi jie zhong xin .zhuo bu qian ye .gu xiang xiao xiang shu yi sui zhi bian .si zhu yu zu dou bing cun .yu mao yu yi rang ju yong .zheng yan yu he sheng tong fa .shi jiang ting shi sheng ye .bi wen ci yan .jiang guan shi rong ye .bi chong ci li .li you bin zhu sheng jiang .ran hou chou cu xing yan .yu shi yan yu zhi jie .sheng yin zhi du .yi rang zhi yi .dong zhi zhi shu .jin tui xiang xu .gong wei yi ti .jun chen yong zhi yu chao .shu shi yong zhi yu jia .shao er xi zhi .chang er bu dai .xin an zhi gu .cong shan ri qian .ran hou lin zhi yi jing .chi zhi yi jiu er bu bian .ran hou hua cheng .ci you xian wang yong le zhi yi ye .gu chao yan pin xiang .jia le bi cun .shi yi guo shi cai feng su zhi sheng shuai .ji zhi le gong .xuan zhi guan xian .shi yan zhi zhe wu zui .wen zhi zhe zu yi zi jie .ci you xian wang yong le zhi yi ye .ruo fu zheng sheng .shi yin sheng zhi zhi miao .miao yin gan ren .you mei se huo zhi .dan .huang jiu .yi yi sang ye .zi fei zhi ren .shu neng yu zhi .xian wang kong tian xia liu er bu fan .gu ju qi ba yin .bu du qi sheng .jue qi da he .bu qiong qi bian .juan yao tiao zhi sheng .shi le er bu yin .you da geng bu he .bu ji shao yao zhi wei ye .ruo liu su qian jin .ze sheng bu zu yue .you fei suo huan ye .ruo shang shi qi dao .guo sang qi ji .nan nv ben sui .yin huang wu du .ze feng yi ci bian .su yi hao cheng .shang qi suo zhi .ze qun neng si zhi .le qi suo xi .ze he yi zhu zhi .tuo yu he sheng .pei er chang zhi .cheng dong yu yan .xin gan yu he .feng su yi cheng .yin er ming zhi .ran suo ming zhi sheng .wu zhong yu yin xie ye .yin zhi yu zheng tong hu xin .ya .zheng zhi ti .yi zu yi guan yi ..ren xian gui hua luo .ye jing chun shan kong .yue chu jing shan niao .shi ming chun jian zhong .su ye you mi .bu gan ning yan .wu qi ji chen .ba yin zai xian .

悲对秋景感慨万里漂泊常年为客，一(yi)生当中疾病缠身今日独上高台。 　
（26）秩：官吏的(de)俸禄；引申为职位、品级。此次离别不知你们心绪何如，停住马饮酒询问(wen)被贬的去处。
⑹孤鸿：孤单的鸿雁。你载着一船的白云归去，试问谁将玉佩相留，顾盼水中倒影于中洲？折一枝芦花寄赠远方故友，零落的芦花呵透出一身的寒秋。向着平常的野桥流水漫步，待招来的已不是旧日熟识的沙鸥。空怀着无限的情感，在(zai)斜阳夕照的时候，我却害怕登楼。
绾（wǎn）：系。　　当他初来的时候，似乎把巢父、许由都不放在眼下；百家的学说，王侯的尊(zun)荣，他都瞧不起。风度之高胜于太阳，志气之凛盛如秋霜。一忽儿慨叹当今没(mei)有幽居的隐士，一忽儿又怪王孙远游不归。他能谈佛家的“四大皆空”，也能谈道家的“玄之又玄”，自以为上古的务光、涓子之辈，都不如他。
⒀尚：崇尚。男儿的空有一身武功绝技来和谁一争高下呢？年老了(liao)仍然意气飞扬，因为人间还有多少狐兔啊！月黑天的时候，正是鹰出猎的时机，在这样的时刻，我特别想你！
⑹点：点亮。一作点污之意，意思是灯纱上已经染上了斑点。有客人从南方来，送我珍珠，珍珠里隐约有字，想辨认却又不成字；我把它久久地藏在竹箱里。等候官家来征求；但日后打开箱子一看，珍珠却化成了血水，可想的是我现在再也没有什么可以应付官家的征敛了。
⑸荒城：按嵩山附近如登封等县，屡有兴废，荒城当为废县。临：当着。古渡：指古时的渡口遗址。眼见得树干将要合抱，得尽了生生不息的天理。
其，指示代词，这里指潭。加高潭边的台沿。

　　夕阳西下，暮色欲上，牛羊归栏，炊烟渐起。夕阳斜晖，透过碧绿的桑叶照进一片宽大的桑园。忙碌了一天的采桑女，准备回家了。顿时，桑园里响起一片呼伴唤友的声音。人渐渐走远了，她们的说笑声和歌声却仿佛仍袅袅不绝地在桑园里回旋。这就是《《十亩之间》佚名 古诗》展现的一幅桑园晚归图。
　　“苍苍几万里，目极令人愁”写诗人登新平城楼眺望中所见后的感受，借景抒情，情含景中，既暗寓自己极度思念帝都长安的心情，又突显诗人为祖国的前途命运而产生“愁”绪，抒发自己的感叹，把情与景关联得十分紧密。结尾的“令人愁”和第二句的“伤暮秋”，遥相呼应，构成了全诗的统一情调。
　　诗人以饱蘸激情的笔触，用铿锵激越的音调，奇丽耀眼的词语，定下这开篇的第一句。“葡萄美酒夜光杯”，犹如突然间拉开帷幕，在人们的眼前展现出五光十色、琳琅满目、酒香四溢的盛大筵席。这景象使人惊喜，使人兴奋，为全诗的抒情创造了气氛，定下了基调。
　　“云构山林尽，瑶图珠翠烦”以严格的工对对新建的座座佛寺的宏伟规模与奢华布局进行充分的描绘。
　　尾联则进一步直接表达了作者对白居易的器重、难以割舍和对白居易去世的无比悲怆之情。这是在颈联基础上的更进一步，“文章已满行人耳”，白居易的诗如风一般流行，与行人形影不离：你只要出行在外，就能听到吟诵白诗的声音。而作者听到吟诵之声，就会牵动起思念白居易的感情，内心充满无比悲伤与哀痛。
　　可见所谓文学，归根到底，感情是重要的。有了崇高美好的感情，按照自己的感情所认为的最美的心意去着意地在一个“当”字上下功夫，锤炼而出之，就会如苏东坡说的“常行于所当行，常止于所不可不止”，如流水行云，自然超妙，这就得到了巧了。此时纵无章法，而章法已在其中矣。