襄阳米友仁，作画但画意。须臾笔砚间，淋漓走元气。自由仙，对西风篱下醉金船。葛巾漉酒从吾愿，富贵由天。与渊明和一篇，君休羡，省部选乌台荐。好觑桐江钓叟，万古名传。自由仙，据胡床闲坐老梅边。彤云变态时舒卷，改尽山川。叹蓝关马不前，君休羡，八位转朝金殿。恰便似新晴雪霁，流水依然。　梅花月如牙，早庭前疏影印窗纱。逃禅老笔应难画，别样清佳。据胡床再看咱，山妻骂：为甚情牵挂？大都来梅花是我，我是梅花。月日，居易白。微之足下：自足下谪江陵至于今，凡枉赠答诗仅百篇。每诗来，或辱序，或辱书，冠于卷首，皆所以陈古今歌诗之义，且自叙为文因缘，与年月之远近也。仆既受足下诗，又谕足下此意，常欲承答来旨，粗论歌诗大端，并自述为文之意，总为一书，致足下前。累岁已来，牵故少暇，间有容隙，或欲为之；又自思所陈，亦无出足下之见；临纸复罢者数四，卒不能成就其志，以至于今。今俟罪浔阳，除盥栉食寝外无余事，因览足下去通州日所留新旧文二十六轴，开卷得意，忽如会面，心所畜者，便欲快言，往往自疑，不知相去万里也。既而愤悱之气，思有所浊，遂追就前志，勉为此书，足下幸试为仆留意一省。夫文，尚矣，三才各有文。天之文三光首之；地之文五材首之；人之文《六经》首之。就《六经》言，《诗》又首之。何者？圣人感人心而天下和平。感人心者，莫先乎情，莫始乎言，莫切乎声，莫深乎义。诗者，根情，苗言，华声，实义。上自圣贤，下至愚騃，微及豚鱼，幽及鬼神。群分而气同，形异而情一。未有声入而不应、情交而不感者。圣人知其然，因其言，经之以六义；缘其声，纬之以五音。音有韵，义有类。韵协则言顺，言顺则声易入；类举则情见，情见则感易交。于是乎孕大含深，贯微洞密，上下通而一气泰，忧乐合而百志熙。五帝三皇所以直道而行、垂拱而理者，揭此以为大柄，决此以为大窦也。故闻“元首明，股肱良”之歌，则知虞道昌矣。闻五子洛汭之歌，则知夏政荒矣。言者无罪，闻者足诫，言者闻者莫不两尽其心焉。洎周衰秦兴，采诗官废，上不以诗补察时政，下不以歌泄导人情。用至于谄成之风动，救失之道缺。于时六义始剚矣。《国风》变为《骚辞》，五言始于苏、李。《诗》、《骚》皆不遇者，各系其志，发而为文。故河梁之句，止于伤别；泽畔之吟，归于怨思。彷徨抑郁，不暇及他耳。然去《诗》未远，梗概尚存。故兴离别则引双凫一雁为喻，讽君子小人则引香草恶鸟为比。虽义类不具，犹得风人之什二三焉。于时六义始缺矣。晋、宋已还，得者盖寡。以康乐之奥博，多溺于山水；以渊明之高古，偏放于田园。江、鲍之流，又狭于此。如梁鸿《五噫》之例者，百无一二。于时六义浸微矣！陵夷至于梁、陈间，率不过嘲风雪、弄花草而已。噫！风雪花草之物，三百篇中岂舍之乎？顾所用何如耳。设如“北风其凉”，假风以刺威虐；“雨雪霏霏”，因雪以愍征役；“棠棣之华”，感华以讽兄弟；“采采芣苡”，美草以乐有子也。皆兴发于此而义归于彼。反是者，可乎哉！然则“余霞散成绮，澄江净如练”，“归花先委露，别叶乍辞风”之什，丽则丽矣，吾不知其所讽焉。故仆所谓嘲风雪、弄花草而已。于时六义尽去矣。唐兴二百年，其间诗人不可胜数。所可举者，陈子昂有《感遇诗》二十首，鲍防《感兴诗》十五篇。又诗之豪者，世称李、杜。李之作，才矣！奇矣！人不迨矣！索其风雅比兴，十无一焉。杜诗最多，可传者千余首。至于贯穿古今，覙缕格律，尽工尽善，又过于李焉。然撮其《新安》、《石壕》、《潼关吏》、《芦子关》、《花门》之章，“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”之句，亦不过十三四。杜尚如此，况不迨杜者乎？仆常痛诗道崩坏，忽忽愤发，或废食辍寝，不量才力，欲扶起之。嗟乎！事有大谬者，又不可一二而言，然亦不能不粗陈于左右。仆始生六七月时，乳母抱弄于书屏下，有指“之”字、“无”字示仆者，仆口未能言，心已默识。后有问此二字者，虽百十其试，而指之不差。则知仆宿习之缘，已在文字中矣。及五六岁，便学为诗。九岁谙识声韵。十五六，始知有进士，苦节读书。二十已来，昼课赋，夜课书，间又课诗，不遑寝息矣。以至于口舌成疮，手肘成胝。既壮而肤革不丰盈，未老而齿发早衰白；瞀瞀然如飞蝇垂珠在眸子中者，动以万数，盖以苦学力文之所致，又自悲。家贫多故，二十七方从乡赋。既第之后，虽专于科试，亦不废诗。及授校书郎时，已盈三四百首。或出示交友如足下辈，见皆谓之工，其实未窥作者之域耳。自登朝来，年齿渐长，阅事渐多。每与人言，多询时务；每读书史，多求理道。始知文章合为时而着，歌诗合为事而作。是时皇帝初即位，宰府有正人，屡降玺书，访人急病。仆当此日，擢在翰林，身是谏官，月请谏纸。启奏之间，有可以救济人病，裨补时阙，而难于指言者，辄咏歌之，欲稍稍进闻于上。上以广宸听，副忧勤；次以酬恩奖，塞言责；下以复吾平生之志。岂图志未就而悔已生，言未闻而谤已成矣！又请为左右终言之。凡闻仆《贺雨诗》，众口籍籍，以为非宜矣；闻仆《哭孔戡诗》，众面脉脉，尽不悦矣；闻《秦中吟》，则权豪贵近者，相目而变色矣；闻《登乐游园》寄足下诗，则执政柄者扼腕矣；闻《宿紫阁村》诗，则握军要者切齿矣！大率如此，不可遍举。不相与者，号为沽誉，号为诋讦，号为讪谤。苟相与者，则如牛僧孺之诫焉。乃至骨肉妻孥，皆以我为非也。其不我非者，举世不过三两人。有邓鲂者，见仆诗而喜，无何鲂死。有唐衢者，见仆诗而泣，未几而衢死。其余即足下。足下又十年来困踬若此。呜唿！岂六义四始之风，天将破坏，不可支持耶？抑又不知天意不欲使下人病苦闻于上耶？不然，何有志于诗者，不利若此之甚也！然仆又自思关东一男子耳，除读书属文外，其他懵然无知，乃至书画棋博，可以接群居之欢者，一无通晓，即其愚拙可知矣！初应进士时，中朝无缌麻之亲，达官无半面之旧；策蹇步于利足之途，张空拳于战文之场。十年之间，三登科第，名落众耳，迹升清贯，出交贤俊，入侍冕旒。始得名于文章，终得罪于文章，亦其宜也。日者闻亲友间说，礼、吏部举选人，多以仆私试赋判为准的。其余诗句，亦往往在人口中。仆恧然自愧，不之信也。及再来长安，又闻有军使高霞寓者，欲聘倡妓，妓大夸曰：“我诵得白学士《长恨歌》，岂同他哉？”由是增价。又足下书云：到通州日，见江馆柱间有题仆诗者。何人哉？又昨过汉南日，适遇主人集众娱乐，他宾诸妓见仆来，指而相顾曰：此是《秦中吟》、《长恨歌》主耳。自长安抵江西三四千里，凡乡校、佛寺、逆旅、行舟之中，往往有题仆诗者；士庶、僧徒、孀妇、处女之口，每有咏仆诗者。此诚雕篆之戏，不足为多，然今时俗所重，正在此耳。虽前贤如渊、云者，前辈如李、杜者，亦未能忘情于其间。古人云：“名者公器，不可多取。”仆是何者，窃时之名已多。既窃时名，又欲窃时之富贵，使己为造物者，肯兼与之乎？今之屯穷，理固然也。况诗人多蹇，如陈子昂、杜甫，各授一拾遗，而屯剥至死。孟浩然辈不及一命，穷悴终身。近日孟郊六十，终试协律；张籍五十，未离一太祝。彼何人哉！况仆之才又不迨彼。今虽谪佐远郡，而官品至第五，月俸四五万，寒有衣，饥有食，给身之外，施及家人。亦可谓不负白氏子矣。微之，微之！勿念我哉！仆数月来，检讨囊帙中，得新旧诗，各以类分，分为卷目。自拾遗来，凡所遇所感，关于美刺兴比者；又自武德至元和，因事立题，题为“新乐府”者，共一百五十首，谓之讽谕诗。又或退公独处，或移动病闲居，知足保和，吟玩性情者一百首，谓之”闲适诗“。又有事物牵于外，情理动于内，随感遇而形于叹咏者一百首，谓之”感伤诗“。又有五言、七言、长句、绝句，自一百韵至两百韵者四百余首，谓之”杂律诗“。凡为十五卷，约八百首。异时相见，当尽致于执事。微之，古人云：“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下。”仆虽不肖，常师此语。大丈夫所守者道，所待者时。时之来也，为云龙，为风鹏，勃然突然，陈力以出；时之不来也，为雾豹，为冥鸿，寂兮寥兮，奉身而退。进退出处，何往而不自得哉！故仆志在兼济，行在独善，奉而始终之则为道，言而发明之则为诗。谓之讽谕诗，兼济之志也；谓之闲适诗，独善之义也。故览仆诗者，知仆之道焉。其余杂律诗，或诱于一时一物，发于一笑一吟，率然成章，非平生所尚者，但以亲朋合散之际，取其释恨佐欢，今铨次之间，未能删去。他时有为我编集斯文者，略之可也。微之，夫贵耳贱目，荣古陋今，人之大情也。仆不能远征古旧，如近岁韦苏州歌行，才丽之外，颇近兴讽；其五言诗，又高雅闲淡，自成一家之体，今之秉笔者谁能及之？然当苏州在时，人亦未甚爱重，必待身后，人始贵之。今仆之诗，人所爱者，悉不过杂律诗与《长恨歌》已下耳。时之所重，仆之所轻。至于讽谕者，意激而言质；闲适者，思澹而辞迂。以质合迂，宜人之不爱也。今所爱者，并世而生，独足下耳。然百千年后，安知复无如足下者出，而知爱我诗哉？故自八九年来，与足下小通则以诗相戒，小穷则以诗相勉，索居则以诗相慰，同处则以诗相娱。知吾罪吾，率以诗也。如今年春游城南时，与足下马上相戏，因各诵新艳小律，不杂他篇，自皇子陂归昭国里，迭吟递唱，不绝声者二十里余。攀、李在傍，无所措口。知我者以为诗仙，不知我者以为诗魔。何则？劳心灵，役声气，连朝接夕，不自知其苦，非魔而何？偶同人当美景，或花时宴罢，或月夜酒酣，一咏一吟，不觉老之将至。虽骖鸾鹤、游蓬瀛者之适，无以加于此焉，又非仙而何？微之，微之！此吾所以与足下外形骸、脱踪迹、傲轩鼎、轻人寰者，又以此也。当此之时，足下兴有余力，且欲与仆悉索还往中诗，取其尤长者，如张十八古乐府，李二十新歌行，卢、杨二秘书律诗，窦七、元八绝句，博搜精掇，编而次之，号为《元白往还集》。众君子得拟议于此者，莫不踊跃欣喜，以为盛事。嗟乎！言未终而足下左转，不数月而仆又继行，心期索然，何日成就？又可为之太息矣！仆常语足下，凡人为文，私于自是，不忍于割截，或失于繁多。其间妍媸，益又自惑。必待交友有公鉴无姑息者，讨论而削夺之，然后繁简当否，得其中矣。况仆与足下，为文尤患其多。己尚病，况他人乎？今且各纂诗笔，粗为卷第，待与足下相见日，各出所有，终前志焉。又不知相遇是何年，相见是何地，溘然而至，则如之何？微之知我心哉！浔阳腊月，江风苦寒，岁暮鲜欢，夜长少睡。引笔铺纸，悄然灯前，有念则书，言无铨次。勿以繁杂为倦，且以代一夕之话言也。居易自叙如此，文士以为信然。莫管红香狼藉。兰蕙冷，偏他露知霜识。木落山空心事，对秋明白。征衣暗尘易染，算江湖、随人宽窄。正无据，看寒蟾、飞上暮碧。行人莫问师宗旨，眼不浮华耳不喧。年长惭昭代，才微辱至公。还愁把春酒，双泪污杯中。骋怀花月酒家楼，可追欢亦可悲秋。悲欢聚散为常事，明眸皓齿，歌莺舞燕，各逞温柔。【幺】人俊惜风流，欠前生酒病花愁。尚还不彻相思债，携云挈雨，批风切月，到处绸缪。【催拍子】爱共寝花间锦鸠，恨孤眠水上白鸥。月宵花昼，大筵排回雪韦娘，小酌会窃香韩寿。举觞红袖，玉纤横管，银甲调筝，酒令诗筹。曲成诗就，韵协声律，情动魂消，腹稿冥搜，美恩当受。水仙山鬼，月妹花妖，如还得遇，不许干休，会埋伏未尝泄漏。【幺】群芳会首，繁英故友，梦回时绿肥红瘦。荣华过可见疏薄，财物广始知亲厚。慕新思旧，簪遗佩解，镜破钗分，蜂妒蝶羞。恶缘难救，痼疾常发，业贯将盈，努力呈头。冷餐重馏，口刀舌剑。吻槊唇枪，独攻决胜，混战无忧，不到得落人奸彀。【尾】展放征旗任谁走，庙算神谟必应口。一管笔在手，敢搦孙吴兵斗。我在这门中整穷究了数十年，才参透了圣人机变。定浮沉归妙理，进坤火炼丹田。先锁住意马心猿，更不把世俗缠。【驻马听】行的是调息绵绵，唿吸风云有后先。比及得三宫升变，九还七返妙中玄。驾河车搬运走如烟，化清风直至金公院。若要道心坚，黄河浪滚泥丸转。【步步娇】大道从来人难羡，有影无形现。壶中别有天，炼就金丹养胎仙。双关路上气连连，酝甘露频吞烟。【沉醉东风】大限到来不选，也不论福富贵高官。直推到几时休几时休，每日价频发愿频发愿，今年推到来年。担阁修行行路儿远，生死轮回怎免！【雁儿落过得胜令】俺也曾遇明师将真道传，指与无边传。教我少贪心少爱欲，教俺多办工夫多修善。教俺休把利名牵，教俺多看些古书篇。尽都是通玄处，教俺共真师子细研。若是俺功全，得造化无人见。正是心也坚，心坚得自然。【沽美酒】将铅汞鼎内煎，炼至宝用干干，妙在前弦与后弦。分明有路显，引元神赴宫殿。妙用三关机变，一气来透彻三田。九转炉中烟焰，龙虎龟蛇蟠旋。出于自然，自然，有一个无为真人出现。【川拨掉】好教我笑喧喧，共诸仙一处眠。也不索访道参禅，常要默坐忘言。调真息若不气喘，有先天有后天。【殿前欢】劝英贤，请君常看指玄篇。无为大道人都恋，要行满功圆。跨鹤儿飞上天，方才入无为传，早则趁了修行愿。修一个不来不去，谁肯恋在世长年！【鸳鸯煞】这回再谁把世俗缠？超凡入圣随机变。道法双忘，紧固抽添。唱道真至蓬莱阆苑，做下部自然集，早则是虚无篇，愿心满。　【正宫】端正好谁知道我静中行，功劳大，这回早不染尘埃。幼年间曾把明师拜，教俺跳出迷魂寨。【滚绣球】办功夫定慧开，炼三皇结圣胎。婴儿勐然惊怪，须臾间飞过灵台。到黄庭内院欢，动阳关将龙虎排。霎时间打成一块，定浮沉煅炼三灾。三华聚顶泥丸路，五气朝元绕玉街，下十二楼台。【倘秀才】调和就铅汞冶，蓦见坎女离男打乖，自有金公一处埋。成造化，笑诒诒，快哉！【迎仙客】长将他玉炉关，须要这八门开，用坎离颠倒栽。驾河车，牛旋买，搬载入宫来，收敛在三田外。【红绣鞋】坐卧处阳升阴降，一窍开百窍齐开。九还七返定三灾。唿吸开归妙道，调真息透盈腮，治精华归气海。【鲍老儿】炼元神观自在，养胎仙笑颜开。三田气滚透胸怀。煅至宝功劳大，万语千言句句该，都出在道德阴符界。发动天关润九垓，采药物在干坤外。自云堆里飞升快，变化累劫修来。【耍孩儿】初学笃志真心爱，广看些经书注解。忽然间心地悟豁然开，自想往日沉埋。果然实有登仙路，任意纵横到处该，还了这冤家债。这回万缘齐断，不染千灾。【一煞】静中功默默的行，点刀圭分皂白，灵台无物当宁耐。脱离生死修真路，倒把枯松日夜栽。权且将时光来待，咫尺的是功圆行满，独步上天台。【二煞】也不索看三教书，也不索学七步才，只要昏昏默默将功程捱。炼成玉体乘风去，一道寒光入圣阶。做一个蓬莱客，全凭三千功行满，便要离俗骨得仙胎。【三煞】任时节跨青鸾飞上天，驾白鹤复地来，飞升变化登仙界。黄芽渐长人难识，玉兔窝中好避乖。权且将时光待，咫尺的功圆行满，独步上天台。【煞尾】有静功有定功，无碍无挂。这回还了人伦债，跳出迷魂是非海。　【正宫】端正好撇了是和非。掉了争和斗。把俺这心猿意马牢收。我则待舞西风两叶宽袍袖。看日月搬昏昼。【滚绣球】千家饭足可求，百衲衣不害羞。问是么破设设遮着皮肉，傲人间伯子公侯。我则待闲遥遥唱个道情，醉醺醺的打个稽首。抄化圣汤仙酒，藜杖瓢钵便是俺的行头。我则待今朝有酒今朝醉，明日无钱明日求，到大来散诞无忧。【倘秀才】有一等积书与子孙未必尽收，有一等积金与子孙未必尽守，我劝你莫与儿孙作马牛。今日个云生山势巧，来日个霜降水痕收，怎敖得他乌飞兔走！【滚绣球】恰才见元宵灯挑在手，又见清明门前插杨柳。正修禊传觞曲水，不觉的击黾鼓竞渡龙舟。恰才是七月七，又早是九月九。咱能够几番儿欢喜厮守？都在烦恼中过了春秋。你见这纷纷的世事恁待要随缘过，都不顾急急光阴似水流，白了人头。【倘秀才】有一等人造花园磨砖砌，有一等人盖亭馆雕梁画斗，费尽功夫得成就。今日做了张家地，明朝做了李家楼，刚一似翻手覆手。【滚绣球】荆棘做沼池，去篷蒿广栽花柳。四时间如开锦绣，主人家能几遍价来往追游。俺这里亭台即渐衰，花木取次休，荆棘又还依旧，使行人叹源流。往常时奇花异卉千般绣，今日都做了野草闲花满地愁，这不是叶落归秋！【呆骨朵】休言道尧舜和桀纣，则不如郝王孙谭马丘刘。他每是文中子门徒，亢仓子志友。休言为吏道张平叔，烟月的刘行首。则不如阐全真王祖师，道不如打回头马半州。【醉太平】汉钟离本是个帅首，蓝采和是个俳优。悬壶子本不曾去沽酒，铁拐李火焚了尸首。贺兰仙引定个曹国舅，韩湘子会造逡巡酒。吕洞宾三醉岳阳楼，度了一株绿柳。【尾】休言功行何时就，得到玄关便可投。人我场中枉驰骤，苦海波中早回首。四大神游。三岛十洲，神仙隐迹埋名，他则待目前走。苦竹泠泠沙雨青，秋风别我钓鱼汀。好持使节朝天子，莫道江湖有客星。北固云回山历历，洪河龙斗浪冥冥。眼中经济须公等，殿上夔龙有典刑。清跸临溟涨，巨海望滔滔。十洲云雾远，三山波浪高。长澜疑浴日，连岛类奔涛。神游藐姑射，睿藻冠风骚。徒然虽观海，何以效涓毫。佛言劫火遇皆销，何物千年怒若潮。经济文章磨白昼，幽光狂慧复中宵。来何汹涌须挥剑，去尚缠绵可付箫。心药心灵总心病，寓言决欲就灯烧。物候来相续，新蝉送晚莺。百年休倚赖，一梦甚分明。

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qi jian .gu ren yun ..ming zhe gong qi .bu ke duo qu ..pu shi he zhe .qie shi zhi ming yi duo .ji qie shi ming .you yu qie shi zhi fu gui .shi ji wei zao wu zhe .ken jian yu zhi hu .jin zhi tun qiong .li gu ran ye .kuang shi ren duo jian .ru chen zi ang .du fu .ge shou yi shi yi .er tun bao zhi si .meng hao ran bei bu ji yi ming .qiong cui zhong shen .jin ri meng jiao liu shi .zhong shi xie lv .zhang ji wu shi .wei li yi tai zhu .bi he ren zai .kuang pu zhi cai you bu dai bi .jin sui zhe zuo yuan jun .er guan pin zhi di wu .yue feng si wu wan .han you yi .ji you shi .gei shen zhi wai .shi ji jia ren .yi ke wei bu fu bai shi zi yi .wei zhi .wei zhi .wu nian wo zai .pu shu yue lai .jian tao nang zhi zhong .de xin jiu shi .ge yi lei fen .fen wei juan mu .zi shi yi lai .fan suo yu suo gan .guan yu mei ci xing bi zhe .you zi wu de zhi yuan he .yin shi li ti .ti wei .xin le fu .zhe .gong yi bai wu shi shou .wei zhi feng yu shi .you huo tui gong du chu .huo yi dong bing xian ju .zhi zu bao he .yin wan xing qing zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .xian shi shi ..you you shi wu qian yu wai .qing li dong yu nei .sui gan yu er xing yu tan yong zhe yi bai shou .wei zhi .gan shang shi ..you you wu yan .qi yan .chang ju .jue ju .zi yi bai yun zhi liang bai yun zhe si bai yu shou .wei zhi .za lv shi ..fan wei shi wu juan .yue ba bai shou .yi shi xiang jian .dang jin zhi yu zhi shi .wei zhi .gu ren yun ..qiong ze du shan qi shen .da ze jian ji tian xia ..pu sui bu xiao .chang shi ci yu .da zhang fu suo shou zhe dao .suo dai zhe shi .shi zhi lai ye .wei yun long .wei feng peng .bo ran tu ran .chen li yi chu .shi zhi bu lai ye .wei wu bao .wei ming hong .ji xi liao xi .feng shen er tui .jin tui chu chu .he wang er bu zi de zai .gu pu zhi zai jian ji .xing zai du shan .feng er shi zhong zhi ze wei dao .yan er fa ming zhi ze wei shi .wei zhi feng yu shi .jian ji zhi zhi ye .wei zhi xian shi shi .du shan zhi yi ye .gu lan pu shi zhe .zhi pu zhi dao yan .qi yu za lv shi .huo you yu yi shi yi wu .fa yu yi xiao yi yin .lv ran cheng zhang .fei ping sheng suo shang zhe .dan yi qin peng he san zhi ji .qu qi shi hen zuo huan .jin quan ci zhi jian .wei neng shan qu .ta shi you wei wo bian ji si wen zhe .lue zhi ke ye .wei zhi .fu gui er jian mu .rong gu lou jin .ren zhi da qing ye .pu bu neng yuan zheng gu jiu .ru jin sui wei su zhou ge xing .cai li zhi wai .po jin xing feng .qi wu yan shi .you gao ya xian dan .zi cheng yi jia zhi ti .jin zhi bing bi zhe shui neng ji zhi .ran dang su zhou zai shi .ren yi wei shen ai zhong .bi dai shen hou .ren shi gui zhi .jin pu zhi shi .ren suo ai zhe .xi bu guo za lv shi yu .chang hen ge .yi xia er .shi zhi suo zhong .pu zhi suo qing .zhi yu feng yu zhe .yi ji er yan zhi .xian shi zhe .si dan er ci you .yi zhi he you .yi ren zhi bu ai ye .jin suo ai zhe .bing shi er sheng .du zu xia er .ran bai qian nian hou .an zhi fu wu ru zu xia zhe chu .er zhi ai wo shi zai .gu zi ba jiu nian lai .yu zu xia xiao tong ze yi shi xiang jie .xiao qiong ze yi shi xiang mian .suo ju ze yi shi xiang wei .tong chu ze yi shi xiang yu .zhi wu zui wu .lv yi shi ye .ru jin nian chun you cheng nan shi .yu zu xia ma shang xiang xi .yin ge song xin yan xiao lv .bu za ta pian .zi huang zi bei gui zhao guo li .die yin di chang .bu jue sheng zhe er shi li yu .pan .li zai bang .wu suo cuo kou .zhi wo zhe yi wei shi xian .bu zhi wo zhe yi wei shi mo .he ze .lao xin ling .yi sheng qi .lian chao jie xi .bu zi zhi qi ku .fei mo er he .ou tong ren dang mei jing .huo hua shi yan ba .huo yue ye jiu han .yi yong yi yin .bu jue lao zhi jiang zhi .sui can luan he .you peng ying zhe zhi shi .wu yi jia yu ci yan .you fei xian er he .wei zhi .wei zhi .ci wu suo yi yu zu xia wai xing hai .tuo zong ji .ao xuan ding .qing ren huan zhe .you yi ci ye .dang ci zhi shi .zu xia xing you yu li .qie yu yu pu xi suo huan wang zhong shi .qu qi you chang zhe .ru zhang shi ba gu le fu .li er shi xin ge xing .lu .yang er mi shu lv shi .dou qi .yuan ba jue ju .bo sou jing duo .bian er ci zhi .hao wei .yuan bai wang huan ji ..zhong jun zi de ni yi yu ci zhe .mo bu yong yue xin xi .yi wei sheng shi .jie hu .yan wei zhong er zu xia zuo zhuan .bu shu yue er pu you ji xing .xin qi suo ran .he ri cheng jiu .you ke wei zhi tai xi yi .pu chang yu zu xia .fan ren wei wen .si yu zi shi .bu ren yu ge jie .huo shi yu fan duo .qi jian yan chi .yi you zi huo .bi dai jiao you you gong jian wu gu xi zhe .tao lun er xiao duo zhi .ran hou fan jian dang fou .de qi zhong yi .kuang pu yu zu xia .wei wen you huan qi duo .ji shang bing .kuang ta ren hu .jin qie ge zuan shi bi .cu wei juan di .dai yu zu xia xiang jian ri .ge chu suo you .zhong qian zhi yan .you bu zhi xiang yu shi he nian .xiang jian shi he di .ke ran er zhi .ze ru zhi he .wei zhi zhi wo xin zai .xun yang la yue .jiang feng ku han .sui mu xian huan .ye chang shao shui .yin bi pu zhi .qiao ran deng qian .you nian ze shu .yan wu quan ci .wu yi fan za wei juan .qie yi dai yi xi zhi hua yan ye .ju yi zi xu ru ci .wen shi yi wei xin ran .mo guan hong xiang lang jie .lan hui leng .pian ta lu zhi shuang shi .mu luo shan kong xin shi .dui qiu ming bai .zheng yi an chen yi ran .suan jiang hu .sui ren kuan zhai .zheng wu ju .kan han chan .fei shang mu bi .xing ren mo wen shi zong zhi .yan bu fu hua er bu xuan .nian chang can zhao dai .cai wei ru zhi gong .huan chou ba chun jiu .shuang lei wu bei zhong .cheng huai hua yue jiu jia lou .ke zhui huan yi ke bei qiu .bei huan ju san wei chang shi .ming mou hao chi .ge ying wu yan .ge cheng wen rou ..yao .ren jun xi feng liu .qian qian sheng jiu bing hua chou .shang huan bu che xiang si zhai .xie yun qie yu .pi feng qie yue .dao chu chou miu ..cui pai zi .ai gong qin hua jian jin jiu .hen gu mian shui shang bai ou .yue xiao hua zhou .da yan pai hui xue wei niang .xiao zhuo hui qie xiang han shou .ju shang hong xiu .yu xian heng guan .yin jia diao zheng .jiu ling shi chou .qu cheng shi jiu .yun xie sheng lv .qing dong hun xiao .fu gao ming sou .mei en dang shou .shui xian shan gui .yue mei hua yao .ru huan de yu .bu xu gan xiu .hui mai fu wei chang xie lou ..yao .qun fang hui shou .fan ying gu you .meng hui shi lv fei hong shou .rong hua guo ke jian shu bao .cai wu guang shi zhi qin hou .mu xin si jiu .zan yi pei jie .jing po cha fen .feng du die xiu .e yuan nan jiu .gu ji chang fa .ye guan jiang ying .nu li cheng tou .leng can zhong liu .kou dao she jian .wen shuo chun qiang .du gong jue sheng .hun zhan wu you .bu dao de luo ren jian gou ..wei .zhan fang zheng qi ren shui zou .miao suan shen mo bi ying kou .yi guan bi zai shou .gan nuo sun wu bing dou .wo zai zhe men zhong zheng qiong jiu liao shu shi nian .cai can tou liao sheng ren ji bian .ding fu chen gui miao li .jin kun huo lian dan tian .xian suo zhu yi ma xin yuan .geng bu ba shi su chan ..zhu ma ting .xing de shi diao xi mian mian .hu xi feng yun you hou xian .bi ji de san gong sheng bian .jiu huan qi fan miao zhong xuan .jia he che ban yun zou ru yan .hua qing feng zhi zhi jin gong yuan .ruo yao dao xin jian .huang he lang gun ni wan zhuan ..bu bu jiao .da dao cong lai ren nan xian .you ying wu xing xian .hu zhong bie you tian .lian jiu jin dan yang tai xian .shuang guan lu shang qi lian lian .yun gan lu pin tun yan ..chen zui dong feng .da xian dao lai bu xuan .ye bu lun fu fu gui gao guan .zhi tui dao ji shi xiu ji shi xiu .mei ri jia pin fa yuan pin fa yuan .jin nian tui dao lai nian .dan ge xiu xing xing lu er yuan .sheng si lun hui zen mian ..yan er luo guo de sheng ling .an ye zeng yu ming shi jiang zhen dao chuan .zhi yu wu bian chuan .jiao wo shao tan xin shao ai yu .jiao an duo ban gong fu duo xiu shan .jiao an xiu ba li ming qian .jiao an duo kan xie gu shu pian .jin du shi tong xuan chu .jiao an gong zhen shi zi xi yan .ruo shi an gong quan .de zao hua wu ren jian .zheng shi xin ye jian .xin jian de zi ran ..gu mei jiu .jiang qian gong ding nei jian .lian zhi bao yong gan gan .miao zai qian xian yu hou xian .fen ming you lu xian .yin yuan shen fu gong dian .miao yong san guan ji bian .yi qi lai tou che san tian .jiu zhuan lu zhong yan yan .long hu gui she pan xuan .chu yu zi ran .zi ran .you yi ge wu wei zhen ren chu xian ..chuan bo diao .hao jiao wo xiao xuan xuan .gong zhu xian yi chu mian .ye bu suo fang dao can chan .chang yao mo zuo wang yan .diao zhen xi ruo bu qi chuan .you xian tian you hou tian ..dian qian huan .quan ying xian .qing jun chang kan zhi xuan pian .wu wei da dao ren du lian .yao xing man gong yuan .kua he er fei shang tian .fang cai ru wu wei chuan .zao ze chen liao xiu xing yuan .xiu yi ge bu lai bu qu .shui ken lian zai shi chang nian ..yuan yang sha .zhe hui zai shui ba shi su chan .chao fan ru sheng sui ji bian .dao fa shuang wang .jin gu chou tian .chang dao zhen zhi peng lai lang yuan .zuo xia bu zi ran ji .zao ze shi xu wu pian .yuan xin man ...zheng gong .duan zheng hao shui zhi dao wo jing zhong xing .gong lao da .zhe hui zao bu ran chen ai .you nian jian zeng ba ming shi bai .jiao an tiao chu mi hun zhai ..gun xiu qiu .ban gong fu ding hui kai .lian san huang jie sheng tai .ying er meng ran jing guai .xu yu jian fei guo ling tai .dao huang ting nei yuan huan .dong yang guan jiang long hu pai .sha shi jian da cheng yi kuai .ding fu chen duan lian san zai .san hua ju ding ni wan lu .wu qi chao yuan rao yu jie .xia shi er lou tai ..tang xiu cai .diao he jiu qian gong ye .mo jian kan nv li nan da guai .zi you jin gong yi chu mai .cheng zao hua .xiao yi yi .kuai zai ..ying xian ke .chang jiang ta yu lu guan .xu yao zhe ba men kai .yong kan li dian dao zai .jia he che .niu xuan mai .ban zai ru gong lai .shou lian zai san tian wai ..hong xiu xie .zuo wo chu yang sheng yin jiang .yi qiao kai bai qiao qi kai .jiu huan qi fan ding san zai .hu xi kai gui miao dao .diao zhen xi tou ying sai .zhi jing hua gui qi hai ..bao lao er .lian yuan shen guan zi zai .yang tai xian xiao yan kai .san tian qi gun tou xiong huai .duan zhi bao gong lao da .wan yu qian yan ju ju gai .du chu zai dao de yin fu jie .fa dong tian guan run jiu gai .cai yao wu zai gan kun wai .zi yun dui li fei sheng kuai .bian hua lei jie xiu lai ..shua hai er .chu xue du zhi zhen xin ai .guang kan xie jing shu zhu jie .hu ran jian xin di wu huo ran kai .zi xiang wang ri chen mai .guo ran shi you deng xian lu .ren yi zong heng dao chu gai .huan liao zhe yuan jia zhai .zhe hui wan yuan qi duan .bu ran qian zai ..yi sha .jing zhong gong mo mo de xing .dian dao gui fen zao bai .ling tai wu wu dang ning nai .tuo li sheng si xiu zhen lu .dao ba ku song ri ye zai .quan qie jiang shi guang lai dai .zhi chi de shi gong yuan xing man .du bu shang tian tai ..er sha .ye bu suo kan san jiao shu .ye bu suo xue qi bu cai .zhi yao hun hun mo mo jiang gong cheng ai .lian cheng yu ti cheng feng qu .yi dao han guang ru sheng jie .zuo yi ge peng lai ke .quan ping san qian gong xing man .bian yao li su gu de xian tai ..san sha .ren shi jie kua qing luan fei shang tian .jia bai he fu di lai .fei sheng bian hua deng xian jie .huang ya jian chang ren nan shi .yu tu wo zhong hao bi guai .quan qie jiang shi guang dai .zhi chi de gong yuan xing man .du bu shang tian tai ..sha wei .you jing gong you ding gong .wu .ai wu gua ..zhe hui huan liao ren lun zhai .tiao chu mi hun shi fei hai ...zheng gong .duan zheng hao pie liao shi he fei .diao liao zheng he dou .ba an zhe xin yuan yi ma lao shou .wo ze dai wu xi feng liang ye kuan pao xiu .kan ri yue ban hun zhou ..gun xiu qiu .qian jia fan zu ke qiu .bai na yi bu hai xiu .wen shi me po she she zhe zhuo pi rou .ao ren jian bo zi gong hou .wo ze dai xian yao yao chang ge dao qing .zui xun xun de da ge ji shou .chao hua sheng tang xian jiu .li zhang piao bo bian shi an de xing tou .wo ze dai jin chao you jiu jin chao zui .ming ri wu qian ming ri qiu .dao da lai san dan wu you ..tang xiu cai .you yi deng ji shu yu zi sun wei bi jin shou .you yi deng ji jin yu zi sun wei bi jin shou .wo quan ni mo yu er sun zuo ma niu .jin ri ge yun sheng shan shi qiao .lai ri ge shuang jiang shui hen shou .zen ao de ta wu fei tu zou ..gun xiu qiu .qia cai jian yuan xiao deng tiao zai shou .you jian qing ming men qian cha yang liu .zheng xiu xi chuan shang qu shui .bu jue de ji mian gu jing du long zhou .qia cai shi qi yue qi .you zao shi jiu yue jiu .zan neng gou ji fan er huan xi si shou .du zai fan nao zhong guo liao chun qiu .ni jian zhe fen fen de shi shi ren dai yao sui yuan guo .du bu gu ji ji guang yin si shui liu .bai liao ren tou ..tang xiu cai .you yi deng ren zao hua yuan mo zhuan qi ..you yi deng ren gai ting guan diao liang hua dou .fei jin gong fu de cheng jiu .jin ri zuo liao zhang jia di .ming chao zuo liao li jia lou .gang yi si fan shou fu shou ..gun xiu qiu ..jing ji zuo zhao chi .qu peng hao guang zai hua liu .si shi jian ru kai jin xiu .zhu ren jia neng ji bian jia lai wang zhui you .an zhe li ting tai ji jian shuai .hua mu qu ci xiu .jing ji you huan yi jiu .shi xing ren tan yuan liu .wang chang shi qi hua yi hui qian ban xiu .jin ri du zuo liao ye cao xian hua man di chou .zhe bu shi ye luo gui qiu ..dai gu duo .xiu yan dao yao shun he jie zhou .ze bu ru hao wang sun tan ma qiu liu .ta mei shi wen zhong zi men tu .kang cang zi zhi you .xiu yan wei li dao zhang ping shu .yan yue de liu xing shou .ze bu ru chan quan zhen wang zu shi .dao bu ru da hui tou ma ban zhou ..zui tai ping .han zhong li ben shi ge shuai shou .lan cai he shi ge pai you .xuan hu zi ben bu zeng qu gu jiu .tie guai li huo fen liao shi shou .he lan xian yin ding ge cao guo jiu .han xiang zi hui zao qun xun jiu .lv dong bin san zui yue yang lou .du liao yi zhu lv liu ..wei .xiu yan gong xing he shi jiu .de dao xuan guan bian ke tou .ren wo chang zhong wang chi zhou .ku hai bo zhong zao hui shou .si da shen you .san dao shi zhou .shen xian yin ji mai ming .ta ze dai mu qian zou .ku zhu ling ling sha yu qing .qiu feng bie wo diao yu ting .hao chi shi jie chao tian zi .mo dao jiang hu you ke xing .bei gu yun hui shan li li .hong he long dou lang ming ming .yan zhong jing ji xu gong deng .dian shang kui long you dian xing .qing bi lin ming zhang .ju hai wang tao tao .shi zhou yun wu yuan .san shan bo lang gao .chang lan yi yu ri .lian dao lei ben tao .shen you miao gu she .rui zao guan feng sao .tu ran sui guan hai .he yi xiao juan hao .fo yan jie huo yu jie xiao .he wu qian nian nu ruo chao .jing ji wen zhang mo bai zhou .you guang kuang hui fu zhong xiao .lai he xiong yong xu hui jian .qu shang chan mian ke fu xiao .xin yao xin ling zong xin bing .yu yan jue yu jiu deng shao .wu hou lai xiang xu .xin chan song wan ying .bai nian xiu yi lai .yi meng shen fen ming .

农民便已结伴耕稼。
（17）寡悔：很少有懊悔，意为很少做错事。即为人谨慎小心。讨伐董卓的(de)各路军队汇合以后，因为各有自己的打算，力不(bu)齐一，互相观望，谁也(ye)不肯率先前进。
（6）所为筑：所以要建筑的原因。所为，同“所以”。孔子说：“学了（知识）然后按一定的时间复习它，不也是很愉快吗？有志同道合的人从远方来，不也是很快乐吗？人家不了解我，我却不恼怒，不也是道德上有修养的人吗？”曾子说：“我每天多次反省自己：替别人办事是不是尽心竭力了呢？同朋友交往是不是诚实可信了呢？老师传授的知识是不是复习了呢？”孔子说：“我十五岁开始有志于做学问，三十岁能独立做事情，四十岁（遇事）能不迷惑，五十岁知道哪些是不能为人力所支配的事情，六十岁能听得进不同的意见，到七十岁才做事才能随心所欲，不会超过规矩。”孔子说：“温习学过的知识，可以从中获得新的理解与体会，那么就可以凭借这一点去做老师了。”孔子说：“只学习却不思考，就会迷惑;只空想却不学习，就会疑惑。”孔子说：“颜回的品质是多么高尚啊！一竹篮饭，一瓢水，住在简陋的小巷子里，别人都忍受不了这种穷困清苦，颜回却没有改变他好学的乐趣。颜回的品质是多么高尚啊！”孔子说：“知道学习的人比不上爱好学习的人；爱好学习的人比不上以学习为乐趣的人。”孔子说：“我整天吃粗粮，喝冷水，弯着胳膊做枕头，也自得其乐。用不正当的手段得来的富贵，我把它看作天上的浮云。”孔子说：“多个人同行，其中必定有人可以做我的老师。我选择他好的方面向他学习，看到他不善的方面就对照自己改正自己的缺点。”孔子在河边感叹道：“时光像流水一样消逝， 日夜不停。”孔子说：“军队的主帅可以改变，普通人的志气却不可改变。”子夏说：“博览群书广泛学习，而且能坚守自己的志向，恳切地提问，多考虑当前的事，仁德就在其中了。”
锦囊：丝织的袋子。　　 熙宁十年的秋天，彭城发大水，云龙山人张君的草堂，水已没到他家门的一半。第二年春天，大水落下，云龙山人搬到故居的东面。在东山的脚下，登到高处远望去，看到一个奇特的境地。于是，他便在那座山上建亭子。彭城山，山冈从四面合拢，隐约的像一个大环；只是在西面缺一个口，而云龙山人的亭子，恰好对着那个缺口。春夏两季交替的时候，草木茂盛，似乎接近天空；秋冬的瑞雪和皓月，千里一色。风雨阴晴，瞬息万变。山人养两只鹤，非常温驯而且善于飞翔。早晨就朝着西山的缺口放飞它们，任它们飞到哪里，有时立在低洼的池塘，有时飞翔在万里云海之外；到了晚上就向着东山飞回来，因此给这个亭子取名叫“放鹤亭”。　　郡守苏轼，当时带着宾客随从，前往拜见山人，在这个亭子里喝酒并以此为乐。给山人作揖并告诉他说：“您懂得隐居的快乐吗？即使是面南称尊的国君，也不能和他交换。《易》上说：‘鹤在北边鸣叫，它的小鹤也会应和它。’《诗经》上说：‘鹤在深泽中鸣叫，声音传到天空。’大概鹤清净深远幽闲旷达，超脱世俗之外，因此《易》、《诗经》中把它比作圣人君子。不显露自己有德行的人，亲近把玩它，应该好像有益无害。但卫懿公喜欢鹤却使他的国家灭亡。周公作《酒诰》，卫武公作《抑戒》，认为造成荒唐的灾祸没有能比得上酒的；而刘伶、阮籍那类人，凭借这保全他们的真性，并闻名后世。唉，面南的君主，即使清净深远幽闲旷达，像鹤这样，还不能过分享(xiang)受，过分喜好就会使他的国家灭亡。而超脱世俗隐居山林的贤士，即使荒唐迷惑颓败迷乱像饮酒的人，还不能成为祸害，更何况对鹤的喜爱呢？由此看来，君主之乐和隐士之乐是不可以同日而语的。”山人欣然笑着说：“有这样的道理啊！”于是，写了放鹤、招鹤之歌：　　“鹤飞翔到西山的缺口，凌空高飞向下看选择它去的地方，突然收起翅膀，好像将要落下；忽然看到了什么，矫健地又凌空翻飞。独自整天在山涧峡谷中，啄食青苔踩着白石头。”“鹤飞回吧，到东山的北面。那下面有人，戴着黄(huang)色的帽子，穿着草鞋，披着葛麻衣服，弹奏着琴弦，亲自耕种自食其力，剩下的东西就能喂饱你。回来啊，西山不可以久留。”
⑴黄鹤楼：旧址在黄鹤山（武昌之西）西北的黄鹤矶上。陆游《入蜀(shu)记》：“黄鹤楼旧传费玮飞升于此，后忽乘黄鹤来归，故以名楼。“县城太小蛮夷无意洗劫，百姓贫穷他们也觉可怜。
⑸问讯：探望。走到家门前看见野兔从狗洞里出进，野鸡在屋脊上飞来飞去。
⑨休觅彩衣轻：这句是说不必像老菜子身穿彩衣在双亲身边嬉戏。《列女传》载，老菜子行年七十，著五色彩衣，以娱双亲。你的进退升沉都命中已定，用不着去询问善卜的君平。
①少章：名秦觏，字少章，北宋著名词人秦观之弟，与诗人交往颇密。

　　诗中有典故，有想象，有夸张，有拟人，但诗的语言又是十分流畅、生动的，读起来朗朗上口，借助白描手法，天然之中见真谆，发人清新之思。这样的例子不胜枚举。浅切流畅的语言，使诗歌易唱、易记，便于流传。盛唐诗人李正封有两句描写牡丹的诗："国色朝酣洒，天香夜染色。"含蓄、典雅，对仗工整；刘禹锡《赏牡丹》诗中有"唯有牡丹真国色，花开时节动京城"句，清新流畅，明白如话，都把牡丹推崇到"国花"的地位，但是流传至今，李正封的诗句被后人简化为"国色天香"，而刘禹锡的诗句却完整地为人们传咏，这个例证生动地说明浅显、流畅的诗句，更利于流传和让人接受。
　　后两句写月照空城。淮水东边旧时月，旧时月，诗人特意标明旧时，是包含深意的。淮水，即秦淮河，横贯石头城，是六朝时代王公贵族们醉生梦死的游乐场所，这里曾经是彻夜笙歌、纸醉金迷、欢乐无尽的不夜城，那临照过六朝豪华之都的旧时月即是见证。然而曾几何时，富贵风流，转眼成空。如今只有那旧时月仍然从秦淮河东边升起，来照著这座空城，在夜深的时候，还过女墙来，依恋不舍地西落，这真是多情了。然而此情此景，却显得更加寂寞了。一个还字，意味深长。
　　南朝的天子要出去打猎了。他起得绝早。天还是黑黑的，所以看到银河淡淡的白光，寥落的晨星还在不齐地闪烁。皇帝的车队，在宫人和侍从们马队的拥簇下，人不知鬼不觉地奔出城去了。
　　诗分前后两部分。前部分四句，描写司马相如被汉武帝遗弃后与爱妻卓文君在茂陵家居时的恩爱闲逸的生活。碧绿的蔓草挂满了井边的石栏，环境是那么优美宁静。相如白天无事，不免又对着知音文君弹起琴来，那曲曲幽韵传达出多少难言的心事。和煦的春风吹乱了文君美丽的鬓影。这里表面上写得悠闲自得，充满了一片天伦之乐，实际却吐露出一种怀才不遇的深深寂寞和感慨，正如鲍照在《拟行路难》其六中所写：“弃置罢官去，还家自休息。……弄儿床前戏，看妇机中织。”同样充塞着一种痛苦到接近麻木的情绪。
　　三、四句写情。秋气肃杀，满目萧条，诗人触景生情，直抒胸臆，表达了深沉的痛苦。李贺二十一岁应河南府试。初试告捷，犹如雏鹰展翅，满以为从此便可扶摇直上，不料有人以李贺“父名晋肃，子不得举进士”为由，阻挠他参加进士考试。“我当二十不得意，一心愁谢如枯兰”正是这种抑郁悲愤心境的写照。这里的“枯兰”是由眼前的秋花引起的联想，用它来形容受到沉重打击之后忧伤绝望的“心”，奇特而又妥帖，形象鲜明，含义深厚。兰花素雅，象征诗人高洁的胸怀；兰花枯谢，则是他那颗被揉碎了的心的生动外现。